The largest database of trusted experimental protocols

236 protocols using β tubulin

1

Western Blot Protein Detection

Check if the same lab product or an alternative is used in the 5 most similar protocols
Protein samples were extracted by using NP40 solution followed manufactory’s protocol (Thermofisher) and protein concentration was determined by using Qubit protein detection Kit (Invitrogen) followed by manufactory’s protocol. Individual samples were run on a single 10 well gel or 12 well pre-made 4–12% gel (Thermofisher). Briefly, samples were prepared on ice (to final volume of 20 μl) and then vortexed and denatured for 10 min at 90 °C. Gels were run with 1X Tris buffered saline-Tween (TBS-T) and proteins transferred onto nitrocellulose membrane (Bio-rad). The membrane was blocked by blocking buffer (Licor) for 1hr at room temperature, washed with TBS-T for 5 min (3X), and incubated with 5ml of N6amt1 (1:250; Santa Cruz) and Beta-actin (1:500; Santa Cruz) or beta-tubulin (1:500; Santa Cruz) antibodies in blocking buffer (Licor) for overnight at 4 °C. The membranes were washed with TBS-T (3X), incubated for 1hr with anti-mouse secondary antibody (1: 15000; Li-Cor) and anti-rabbit secondary antibody (1:15000; Li-Cor) in blocking buffer (Li-Cor), and washed three times with TBST for 10 min (5X) and 20 min (1X). Optical density readings of the membrane were taken using a Li-Cor FX system followed by manufactory’s protocol. Detailed antibody information is attached within Reporting Summary file.
+ Open protocol
+ Expand
2

Western Blot Protein Detection

Check if the same lab product or an alternative is used in the 5 most similar protocols
Protein samples were extracted by using NP40 solution followed manufactory’s protocol (Thermofisher) and protein concentration was determined by using Qubit protein detection Kit (Invitrogen) followed by manufactory’s protocol. Individual samples were run on a single 10 well gel or 12 well pre-made 4–12% gel (Thermofisher). Briefly, samples were prepared on ice (to final volume of 20 μl) and then vortexed and denatured for 10 min at 90 °C. Gels were run with 1X Tris buffered saline-Tween (TBS-T) and proteins transferred onto nitrocellulose membrane (Bio-rad). The membrane was blocked by blocking buffer (Licor) for 1hr at room temperature, washed with TBS-T for 5 min (3X), and incubated with 5ml of N6amt1 (1:250; Santa Cruz) and Beta-actin (1:500; Santa Cruz) or beta-tubulin (1:500; Santa Cruz) antibodies in blocking buffer (Licor) for overnight at 4 °C. The membranes were washed with TBS-T (3X), incubated for 1hr with anti-mouse secondary antibody (1: 15000; Li-Cor) and anti-rabbit secondary antibody (1:15000; Li-Cor) in blocking buffer (Li-Cor), and washed three times with TBST for 10 min (5X) and 20 min (1X). Optical density readings of the membrane were taken using a Li-Cor FX system followed by manufactory’s protocol. Detailed antibody information is attached within Reporting Summary file.
+ Open protocol
+ Expand
3

Quantifying HNF-1A Protein Expression

Check if the same lab product or an alternative is used in the 5 most similar protocols
The level of wild-type and individual HNF-1A variant protein expressions in total HeLa cell lysates was determined. For this purpose, the team at Bergen used 20 μL of HeLa cell lysates generated for transactivation assays as previously described.2 (link) HNF-1A and actin protein levels were quantified by densitometric analysis using Quantity One 1-D software (Bio-Rad). The team at Oxford evaluated protein expression by transfecting HeLa cells with 5 μg of wild-type or variants plasmids after culturing for 24 h. Total protein quantification was carried out using Bradford reagent (Bio-Rad) and 10 μg of total protein was electrophoresed then immunoblotted with antibodies for HNF-1A (Santa Cruz Biotechnology) and beta-tubulin (Santa Cruz Biotechnology) and visualized using the ChemiDoc Imaging System (Bio-Rad). Densitometry (for western blots and EMSA) was carried out using Image Lab Software (Bio-Rad).
+ Open protocol
+ Expand
4

Western Blot Analysis of Adipogenic Proteins

Check if the same lab product or an alternative is used in the 5 most similar protocols
Whole-cell lysates were prepared with lysis buffer (150mM NaCl, 50mM Tris HCl, 1mM EGTA, 0.24% sodium deoxycholate, 1% Igepal, pH 7.5) containing 25mM NaF and 2mM Na3VO4; aprotinin, leupeptin, pepstatin, and phenylmethylsulfonyl fluoride were added prior to each lysis. Then 5 to 20 μg of fractionated or whole lysate proteins were loaded onto a 7%–10% polyacrylamide gel for chromatography and transferred to polyvinylidene difluoride membrane. After blocking, primary antibody was applied overnight at 4°C including antibodies against Pparg, Flag, and EZH2 from Cell Signaling Technology (Beverly, MA, USA; cat #2443, 8146, and 5246, respectively); Histone H3 (Sigma-Aldrich; cat# 05–928), β-catenin (Fisher Scientific; cat# PIPA516762), methylated histone (H3K27me) (Fisher Scientific; 17-622-MI), Adipoq (Fisher Scientific; cat# PA1054), Fabp4 (ProSci, Poway, CA, USA; cat# XG-6174), beta-tubulin (Santa Cruz Biotechnology, Santa Cruz, CA, USA; cat# sc-23949). Secondary antibody conjugated with horseradish peroxidase was detected with ECL plus chemiluminescence kit (Amersham Biosciences, Piscataway, NJ, USA). The images were acquired with a HP-Scanjet and densitometry determined using NIH ImageJ, 1.37v (Bethesda, MD, USA; https://imagej.nih.gov/ij/).
+ Open protocol
+ Expand
5

Western Blot Analysis of Signal Proteins

Check if the same lab product or an alternative is used in the 5 most similar protocols
Cells were lysed in SDS sample buffer and analysed by standard Western‐blotting protocols. The primary antibodies used were: phospho‐ERK (MAPK‐YT) and BCL2 (10C4) from Sigma (St Louis, MO, USA); ERK2 (C‐14) and BETA‐TUBULIN were from Santa Cruz Biotechnology (Santa Cruz, CA, USA); MITF (C5) was from Neomarkers/Lab Vision (Runcorn, UK); phospho‐P65 (93H1) and phospho‐P38 (D3F9) were from Cell Signalling (Danvers, MA, USA); RANK (9A725) was from Novus Biologicals (Abingdon, UK); RANKL (MAB626) neutralizing antibody was used at 40ng/ml and was from R&D systems (Minneapolis, MN, USA).
+ Open protocol
+ Expand
6

Western Blot Analysis of Cell Proteins

Check if the same lab product or an alternative is used in the 5 most similar protocols
Whole cell lysates were prepared with lysis buffer (150 mM NaCl, 50 mM Tris HCl, 1 mM EGTA, 0.24% sodium deoxycholate, 1% Igepal, pH 7.5) containing 25 mM NaF and 2 mM Na3VO4, aprotinin, leupeptin, pepstatin, and phenylmethylsulfonyl fluoride were added before each lysis. Fractionated or whole lysate proteins of 5–20 μg were loaded onto a 7%–10% poly-acrylamide gel for chromatography and transferred to polyvinylidene difluoride membrane. After blocking, primary antibody was applied overnight at 4°C including antibodies against Bglap, Pparg, PARP1 (Cell Signaling, Danvers Mass); Runx2, mDia2, MKL-1, importin-9, Arp3 (Abcam), mDia1 (BD), LDHA (Millipore, St Louis, Mo), Fabp4 (ProSci, Poway, CA), actin, beta-tubulin (Santa Cruz, Dallas TX), Adipoq (Affinity Bioreagents, Golden, CO). Secondary antibody conjugated with horseradish peroxidase was detected with ECL plus chemiluminescence kit (Amersham Biosciences, Piscataway NJ). The images were acquired with an HP Scanjet and densitometry determined using NIH ImageJ, 1.37v.
+ Open protocol
+ Expand
7

Western Blot Analysis of Exosomal Proteins

Check if the same lab product or an alternative is used in the 5 most similar protocols
Antibodies (Ab) used in western blot (WB) included CD9 (Clone Ts9, Invitrogen/Thermo Fisher Scientific, Carlsbad, CA, USA), CD63 (Clone Ts63, Invitrogen/Thermo Fisher Scientific), CD81 (Clone M38, Invitrogen/Thermo Fisher Scientific), HIF-α (Clone 54/HIF-1α, BD Biosciences), calnexin (Clone AF18, Santa Cruz, Dallas, Texas. USA) and beta-tubulin (Cat. No. ab6046, Abcam, Melbourne, Vic. Australia). Cells and exosomes were lysed with RIPA/PI buffer and protein content determined using the BCA protein assay (Pierce/Thermo Fisher Scientific). PAGE was undertaken using standard reagents from Invitrogen. Samples were denatured for 5 mins at 95°C, loaded onto Bolt™ 4–12% Bis-Tris Plus Gels, run at 165 V for 38 mins and transferred to nitrocellulose membrane at 10 V for 60 mins. Membranes were probed with primary Ab overnight at 4°C, blocked for 1 h at RT using Odyssey® blocking buffer (LI COR, Lincoln, NE USA) and visualised with IRDye 800CW Goat anti-Mouse (Millennium Science, Mulgrave, Vic. Australia) or IRDye 680LT Goat anti-Rabbit (Millennium Science) using the Odyssey CLX (LI COR) and Image Studio 2.0 software (LI COR).
+ Open protocol
+ Expand
8

Immunoblotting Analysis of Cellular Proteins

Check if the same lab product or an alternative is used in the 5 most similar protocols
Cells were lysed in lysis buffer supplemented with 1% protease inhibitor cocktail (Roche Applied Science, Indianapolis, IN, USA). Proteins in whole-cell lysates were resolved by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and transferred to polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) membranes. Membranes were probed with SKP2 (1:1000; Zymed), anti-γ-H2AX antibody (1:1000; Cell Signaling), H2AX (1:1000; Cell Signaling), beta-tubulin (1:500; Santa Cruz Biotechnology) or GAPDH (1:5,000; Chemicon) and then incubated with horseradish peroxidase-conjugated secondary antisera (Amersham, Buckinghamshire, UK). Enhanced chemiluminescence was performed with ECL-Plus (Amersham Pharmacia).
+ Open protocol
+ Expand
9

Immunoblotting Antibody Protocol

Check if the same lab product or an alternative is used in the 5 most similar protocols
The following antibodies were purchased from Cell Signaling Technology (Danvers, MA): AKT (rabbit, #9272), p44/42 MAPK (Erk1/2) (3A7) (mouse, #9107), Syk (D3Z1E) XP (rabbit mAb, #13198), beta-tubulin (rabbit, #2146), USP10 (D7A5) (rabbit mAb, #8501) and FES (rabbit, #2736) were used at 1:1000 for immunoblotting, and anti-GAPDH (14C10) (rabbit mAb, #2118) was used at 1:3000.
Flt-3/Flk-2 (C-20) (sc-479) and ubiquitin (P4D1) (sc-8017) were purchased from Santa Cruz Biotechnology, Inc. (Dallas, TX) and used at 1:1000 for immunoblotting. Anti-pTyr (mouse, clone 4G10) was purchased from MilliporeSigma (Burlington, MA) and was used at 1:1000 for immunoblotting in the presence of 4% BSA. Anti-HAUSP/USP7 antibody (ab4080) was purchased from Abcam (Cambridge, MA) and used at 1:1000 for immunoblotting.
+ Open protocol
+ Expand
10

Adipocyte Differentiation Assay

Check if the same lab product or an alternative is used in the 5 most similar protocols
DMEM cell culture media, trypsine, anti-biotics, Trizol and Lipofectamine 2000 were purchased from Invitrogen (USA), fetal bovine serum and culture media were obtained from Hyclone Laboratories Inc. (USA). Antibodies against PPARγ, C/EBPα, C/EBPβ, C/EBPδ, FABP4, HA and beta-tubulin were purchased from SantaCruz Biotech. (USA), and antibody against PHF2 and H3K9-Me2 were from Cell Signaling (USA). Insulin, dexamethasone, 3-isobutyl-1-methylxanthine (IBMX) and other chemicals were purchased form Sigma-Aldrich (USA).
+ Open protocol
+ Expand

About PubCompare

Our mission is to provide scientists with the largest repository of trustworthy protocols and intelligent analytical tools, thereby offering them extensive information to design robust protocols aimed at minimizing the risk of failures.

We believe that the most crucial aspect is to grant scientists access to a wide range of reliable sources and new useful tools that surpass human capabilities.

However, we trust in allowing scientists to determine how to construct their own protocols based on this information, as they are the experts in their field.

Ready to get started?

Sign up for free.
Registration takes 20 seconds.
Available from any computer
No download required

Sign up now

Revolutionizing how scientists
search and build protocols!