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Puromycin

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Puromycin is a laboratory reagent used as a selection marker in cell culture experiments. It is an antibiotic that inhibits protein synthesis, allowing for the identification and selection of cells that have successfully incorporated a gene of interest.

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1 040 protocols using puromycin

1

Cultivation and Genetic Manipulation of Leishmania mexicana

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Leishmania mexicana (MNYC/BZ/62/M379) promastigotes were cultured at 25 °C in HOMEM medium (modified Eagle’s medium) supplemented with 10% (v/v) heat-inactivated foetal calf serum (GIBCO) and 1% Penicillin/Streptomycin (Sigma-Aldrich). CRISPR-cas9 edited parasites were supplemented with the appropriate selection antibiotics: BirA*::BDF5, KKT2::BirA*, BirA*::KKT3 or CLK2::BirA*: 4 μg ml−1 puromycin (Invivogen), BDF5::mT and KKT3::mT: 4 μg ml−1 puromycin, 10 μg ml−1 blasticidin, loxP-flanked KKT24, KKT26: 4 μg ml−1 puromycin, 10 μg ml−1 blasticidin, 15 μg ml−1 G418, 32 μg ml−1 hygromycin B, mNG::KKT24, mNG::KKT26 KKT2::mCh: 4 μg ml−1 puromycin, 10 μg ml−1 blasticidin.
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2

Inducible shRNA for INTS7 Knockdown

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HeLa ACCACTAATGATTCGATAATA, shINTS7: GCAGTAAAGAGACTTGCTATT) and 2.5 µg/ml puromycin (InvivoGen, #ant-pr) selection. shINTS stable cells were maintained in 2 µg/ml puromycin, WT and E203Q in presence of puromycin and 200 µg/ml G418 (InvivoGen, #ant-gn-5). shRNA expression was induced by adding Doxycycline (Selleckchem, #S4163) at 1 µg/ml for three days with medium replaced every 24 h.
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3

Western Blot Protein Analysis Protocol

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Cells were harvested in Western blot lysis buffer [100 mM tris-HCl (pH 8), 150 mM NaCl, 1% NP-40 substitute, and 1% protease inhibitor cocktail] for 30 min on ice. After brief sonication (5 cycles 30” ON/30” OFF, high output) with a standard Bioruptor (Diagenode), lysates were centrifuged at 13,000 rpm for 15 min at 4°C, and protein concentrations were determined using the Bradford assay (Bio-Rad). Proteins were resolved by SDS–polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) (Thermo Fisher Scientific) and transferred to nitrocellulose membranes (Thermo Fisher Scientific). Blots were incubated with primary antibodies (table S4) diluted in blocking solution (5% milk, 0.1% Tween 20 in PBS) overnight at 4°C followed by horseradish peroxidase–conjugated secondary antibodies (Cell Signaling). Blots were developed using SuperSignal West Femto maximum sensitivity substrate (Thermo Fisher Scientific) according to the manufacturer’s instructions. Densiometric analyses were performed with Fiji (v2.3.0). For the puromycin incorporation assay, cells were treated with puromycin (1 μg/ml; Invivogen) for 10 min, incubated with fresh medium for further 30 min, and then harvested.
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4

Stable Cell Line Generation with Retroviral Vectors

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Generation of stable cell lines were made using the pBABE-Puro-based retroviral vectors encoding the overexpression of HRAS, Bcl-2 and ErbB2 were used to generate stable cell lines. HEK293T cells were transfected with target DNA (10ug) along with the packaging vector pCLAmpho (10ug) using the Calcium phosphate transduction method. This method uses 2X HBSS (280 mM NaCl, 10 mM KCl, 1.5 mM Na2HPO4, 12 mM Glucose, 50 mM HEPES, pH 7.05) and 2.5M CaCl2 and sterile water. Supernatants were collected 48-hours post-transfection, filtered through a 0.45μm filter (EMD Millipore), and used for viral transduction. Stable populations of puromycin-resistant cells were obtained by selecting in 1ug/mL puromycin (Invivogen, San Diego, CA, USA) for at least 48hrs.
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5

Generating Stable Breast Cancer Cell Lines

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MDA-231EV cells were created by infecting MDA-MB-231 cells with copGFP lentiviral particles (cat sc-108,084, Santa Cruz Biotechnology Inc., Dallas, TX, USA), and stable cells were selected by continual culture in 5 µg/mL puromycin (InvivoGen, San Diego, CA, USA). MDA-231c141 cells were created by transfecting MDA-MB-231 cells with pLenti 4.1 Ex miR200c-141 (cat #35,534, Addgene, Watertown, MA, USA) and stable cells were selected by continual culture in 5 µg/mL puromycin (InvivoGen, San Diego, CA, USA). The in vitro characterization of MDA-231EV and MDA-231c141 cells have previously been described [29 (link)].
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6

Cell Culture Protocols for HeLa and Tet-Inducible Cell Lines

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HeLa cells were a gift from John Moran [15 (link)]. Tet-HeLa cells were from Clontech (Mountain View, CA). Tet-293 cells were a gift from Jef Boeke [51 (link)]. All cells were grown in Dulbecco’s Modified Eagle Media (Invitrogen #11965118) supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum (Invitrogen, #16000069) and 1% Penicillin/Streptomycin (Invitrogen, #15140122). Puromycin resistant plasmids were selected with 1 μg/mL Puromycin (Invivogen #ant-pr-1) and maintained with 0.25 μg/mL Puromycin. Tet-inducible proteins were induced with 500 ng/mL doxycycline (Fisher Scientific #BP2653). Cells were grown at 37°C unless otherwise specified.
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7

Osteosarcoma Cytotoxicity Assay Protocol

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143B‐TK osteosarcoma‐derived cybrid cells were grown in High‐Glucose (4.5 g/l) DMEM containing Sodium Pyruvate and GlutaMAX™ (Gibco‐Thermo Fisher Scientific) supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum (Gibco‐Thermo Fisher Scientific) and 50 μg/ml uridine (Sigma‐Aldrich). Cells transduced with expression vectors containing a puromycin resistance cassette were grown in the presence of 1 μg/ml puromycin (InvivoGen). If it was hygromycin, the final concentration of the hygromycin B was 100 μg/ml (InvivoGen), and for neomycin‐resistant cells, the final concentration of geneticin was 500 μg/ml (Gibco‐Thermo Fisher Scientific).
The cells used in the SILAC experiments were grown in DMEM for SILAC (Gibco‐Thermo Fisher Scientific) plus 10% dialyzed serum (Gibco‐Thermo Fisher Scientific) and 50 μg/ml uridine, supplemented either with unlabeled L‐lysine monohydrochloride (K0), L‐arginine (R0), and L‐proline (“Light” conditions) or with L‐lysine‐13C6,15N2 hydrochloride (K8), L‐arginine13C6,15N4 hydrochloride (R10), and L‐proline (“Heavy” conditions), all from Sigma‐Aldrich.
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8

Transient Transfection and Knockdown in Cell Lines

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Transient transfection was performed using nucleofection and the nucleofector 2 b device (Lonza, Cologne, Germany). 2 x 106 cells were transfected with 5 or 10 µg of the respective plasmid or empty vector control for plasmid transfection or 100 nM Ambion Silencer Select s11524 or negative control #1 for siRNA-mediated knockdown of PTPN11. 24 h after transfection, cells were seeded onto respective cell culture plates to analyze cellular fitness followed by 24-48 h exposure to 2 µM imatinib or 100 nM nilotinib or used for expression analyses as described elsewhere. After incubation time, cells were subducted for subsequent cellular fitness assays as described below. Stably transfected cells were generated by selecting puromycin-resistant cells after 4 weeks of exposure to 1 µg/ml puromycin (Invivogen, Toulouse, France).
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9

Stable Cell Line Generation via Retroviral Transduction

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Generation of stable cell lines was made using the pBABE-Puro-based retroviral vectors encoding the overexpression of HRAS. Bcl-2 and ErbB2 were used to generate stable cell lines. HEK293T cells were transfected with target DNA (10ug) along with the packaging vector pCLAmpho (10ug) using the calcium phosphate transduction method. This method uses 2× HBSS (280 mM NaCl, 10 mM KCl, 1.5 mM Na2HPO4, 12 mM glucose, 50 mM Hepes, pH 7.05) and 2.5 M CaCl2 and sterile water. Supernatants were collected 48-h posttransfection, filtered through a 0.45 μm filter (EMD Millipore) and used for viral transduction. Stable populations of puromycin-resistant cells were obtained by selecting in 1ug/ml puromycin (Invivogen) for at least 48 h.
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10

Overexpression of IL-13 and Arg1 in Macrophages

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To generate IL-13 overexpressing and Arg1 overexpressing Mɸs, naive Mɸs were transduced with pIRES-mIL-13-puro or pIRES-Arg1-puro lentiviral particles provided by the Laboratory for Viral Vector Technology & Gene Therapy (Leuven Viral Vector Core of the KU Leuven) according to previously optimized protocol with minor adaptations [15 ]. Mɸs were seeded in a 24-well plate at 1.5 × 105 cells/well in standard medium. Positive selection of the transduced cells was made using puromycin (2.25 μg/ml, InvivoGen) for 72 h. CM was collected after puromycin selection.
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