Whenever blood, plasma, or serum from humans was analyzed, we took data from subjects at risk of future development of type 2 diabetes taking part of the TUebingen Lifestyle Intervention Program (TULIP). The TULIP study was designed to find parameters that predict the effect of a lifestyle intervention with diet and moderate increase in aerobic physical activity to improve prediabetes phenotypes and the cardiovascular risk profile [34 (link),35 (link)]. The participants underwent a standard 75-g oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT). Venous plasma samples were obtained at 0, 30, 60, 90, and 120 min for determination of plasma glucose and insulin. Blood glucose was determined using a bedside glucose analyzer (glucose-oxidase method; YSI, Yellow Springs Instruments, Yellow Springs, OH, USA). The study was approved by the local research ethics committee, and written informed consent was obtained from all participants.
Glucose oxidase method
Manufactured by Yellow Springs Instruments
Sourced in United States
The glucose oxidase method is a laboratory technique used to measure the concentration of glucose in a sample. It involves the use of the enzyme glucose oxidase, which catalyzes the oxidation of glucose to gluconic acid and hydrogen peroxide. The amount of hydrogen peroxide produced is then measured, which is proportional to the glucose concentration in the sample.
Automatically generated - may contain errors
Lab products found in correlation
Access assay, by Beckman Coulter (4 mentions)
Radioimmunoassay, by Linco Research (3 mentions)
Dca vantage analyzer, by Siemens (1 mentions)
Gas chromatography mass spectrometry, by Thermo Fisher Scientific (1 mentions)
Dipeptidyl peptidase 4 inhibitor, by Linco Research (1 mentions)
Immulite, by Siemens (1 mentions)
Cobas 8000 analyzer, by Roche (1 mentions)
9 protocols using glucose oxidase method
1
Predicting Prediabetes Intervention Effects
2
Blood Sampling and Metabolic Assays
3
Plasma Metabolite Measurement Protocol
4
Glucose and Isotope Tracer Analysis
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Plasma samples were placed on ice, centrifuged at 4°C, separated, and stored at −20°C until assay. Glucose concentrations were measured using a glucose oxidase method (Yellow Springs Instruments, Yellow Springs, OH). Plasma insulin was measured using a chemiluminescence assay with reagents obtained from Beckman (Access Assay; Beckman, Chaska, MN). Plasma glucagon and C-peptide were measured by radioimmunoassay using reagents supplied by Linco Research (St. Louis, MO). Plasma [6,6-2H2]glucose and [1-13C]glucose enrichments were measured using gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (Thermoquest, San Jose, CA) to simultaneously monitor the C-1, C-2, and C-3 to C-6 fragments, as described by Beylot et al. [30 (link)]. [6-3H]glucose specific activity was measured by liquid scintillation counting following deproteinization and passage over anion- and cation-exchange columns.
5
Plasma Glucose and Hormone Analysis
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Plasma samples were placed on ice, centrifuged at 4°C, separated, and stored at −20°C until assayed. Glucose concentrations were measured from dorsal vein samples using a glucose oxidase method (Yellow Springs Instruments, Yellow Springs, OH). Plasma insulin was measured from hepatic vein samples using a chemiluminescence assay (Access Assay; Beckman, Chaska, MN). Plasma glucagon was measured from hepatic vein samples by Radioimmunoassay (Linco Research, St. Louis, MO).
6
Fescue Seed Nutrient Analysis and Hormone Assays
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Feed samples were analyzed for nutrient content by a commercial laboratory (North Carolina Department of Agriculture, Raleigh, NC). Concentration of total alkaloids in the fescue seed was analyzed by a commercial laboratory (Agrinostics Ltd. Co., Watkinsville, GA) using an ELISA (Hill and Agee, 1994 (link)). Ergovaline concentration in the fescue seed was analyzed by a commercial laboratory (University of Missouri Veterinary Medical Diagnostic Laboratory, Colombia, MO) using HPLC (Rottinghaus et al., 1991 , 1993 (link)). Serum prolactin (Bernard et al., 1993 (link)) and serum insulin (Cartiff et al., 2013 (link)) were determined by radioimmunoassay. For prolactin, the intra-assay CV was 6.8% and the inter-assay CV was 7.1%. For insulin, the intra-assay CV was 5.5% and the inter-assay CV was 8.4%. Plasma glucose was analyzed using a glucose oxidase method (Yellow Springs Instruments, Yellow Springs, OH). Concentration of hentriacontane in feed and fecal samples and calculation of DM digestibility in Experiment 1 were determined as described by Chavez et al. (2011 (link)).
7
Isotopic Glucose Kinetics Measurement
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Plasma samples were placed on ice, centrifuged at 4°C, separated, and stored at −20°C until assayed. Glucose concentrations were measured using a glucose oxidase method (Yellow Springs Instruments, Yellow Springs, OH). Plasma insulin was measured using a chemiluminescence assay (Access Assay; Beckman, Chaska, MN). Plasma glucagon and C-peptide were measured by Radio-Immunoassay (Linco Research, St. Louis, MO). Collection tubes for GLP-1 had 100 μmol/L dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitor (Linco Research, St. Louis, MO) added. Total GLP-1 concentrations were measured using a COOH-terminal assay (Linco Research). Plasma [6,6-2H2]glucose and [1-13C]glucose enrichments were measured using gas chromatographic mass spectrometry (Thermoquest, San Jose, CA) to simultaneously monitor the C-1 and C-2 and C-3 to C-6 fragments, as described by Beylot et al. (22 (link)). In addition, [6-3H]glucose specific activity was measured by liquid scintillation counting after deproteinization and passage over anion- and cation-exchange columns (20 (link)).
8
Detailed Metabolic Biomarker Assessments
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Plasma glucose was measured using a glucose oxidase method (Yellow Springs Instruments Co, Yellow Springs, Ohio, USA). Hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), fasting plasma lipid profiles and urinary albumin and creatinine levels were measured in a contract clinical laboratory using standard methodologies. Plasma insulin was measured in our Endocrine Research Laboratory using a chemiluminescent assay, using commercial kits (Immulite, Siemens, Llanberis, Gwynedd, UK). The sensitivity of the insulin assay was 2 μIU/mL and the within-run and between-run coefficients of variation were 4.7% and 8%, respectively.
9
Metabolic Biomarker Assessment
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Serum cholesterol (total, low-density lipoprotein (LDL), and high-density lipoprotein (HDL)), triglycerides, aspartate transaminase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), and gamma glutamyl transferase (γ-GT) were assessed using a Cobas 8000 analyzer (Roche, Basel, Switzerland). Plasma glucose was measured using the glucose oxidase method (YSI, Yellow Springs Instruments, Yellow Springs, CO, USA). Serum C-peptide and insulin levels were quantified using the respective radio-immunoassays from Millipore (St. Charles, MO, USA).
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