Dulbecco's modified Eagle medium (DMEM) and RPMI-1640 were obtained from Gibco BRL (Thermo Fisher Scientific Inc., Waltham, MA, USA). Doxorubicin, paclitaxel, cisplatin, topotecan, mitoxantrone, Verapamil (VRP), Fumitremorgin C (FTC), rhodamine123, 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) and dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) were all purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MO, USA). Ceritinib was purchased from selleck chemicals (Houston, TX, USA), with a molecular structure as shown in Figure 1A . Monoclonal antibodies against ABCB1, ABCG2, extracellular signal-regulated protein kinases 1 and 2 (ERK1/2), p-ERK, AKT and p-AKT were from Santa Cruz Biotechnology (Santa Cruz, CA, USA). The antibody against glyceraldehyd-3-Phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) was from Kangcheng (Shanghai, China).
Verapamil vrp
Manufactured by Merck Group
Sourced in United States
Verapamil (VRP) is a laboratory product manufactured by Merck Group. It is a pharmaceutical compound commonly used as a reference standard in analytical and research applications. Verapamil is a calcium channel blocker that acts on the cardiovascular system.
Automatically generated - may contain errors
Lab products found in correlation
Cisplatin, by Merck Group (2 mentions)
Mitoxantrone, by Merck Group (2 mentions)
Topotecan, by Merck Group (2 mentions)
Mk571, by Merck Group (2 mentions)
Fetal bovine serum (fbs), by Thermo Fisher Scientific (2 mentions)
Fumitremorgin c, by Merck Group (2 mentions)
Rpmi 1640, by Thermo Fisher Scientific (1 mentions)
3 4 5 dimethylthiazol 2 yl 2 5 diphenyltetrazolium bromide mtt, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
Dimethyl sulfoxide (dmso), by Merck Group (1 mentions)
Doxorubicin, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
Paclitaxel, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
P akt, by Santa Cruz Biotechnology (1 mentions)
Dulbecco s modified eagle medium dmem, by Thermo Fisher Scientific (1 mentions)
Ceritinib, by Selleck Chemicals (1 mentions)
P erk, by Santa Cruz Biotechnology (1 mentions)
Penicillin streptomycin, by Thermo Fisher Scientific (1 mentions)
Rpmi 1640 growth medium, by Thermo Fisher Scientific (1 mentions)
Fluorescein isothiocyanate (fitc), by Merck Group (1 mentions)
Bafilomycin a1, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
Sodium azide, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
6 protocols using verapamil vrp
1
Cytotoxicity Evaluation of Anti-cancer Drugs
2
Evaluation of Endocytosis Inhibitors
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PAMAM-G4-NH2, PAMAM-G4-OH, FITC, verapamil (VRP), fumitremorgin C (FTC), MK571, chlorpromazine, sodium azide, 2-deoxyglucose, ammonium chloride, brefeldin A, monensin, and bafilomycin A1 were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich Co. (St Louis, MO, USA). Dulbecco’s Modified Eagle’s Medium (DMEM) growth medium, Roswell Park Memorial Institute 1640 (RPMI-1640) growth medium, fetal bovine serum, and penicillin–streptomycin were purchased from Gibco BRL (Gaithersberg, MD, USA). Acridine Orange (AO) was purchased from DingGuo Biotechnology Co., Ltd. (Beijing, People’s Republic of China). Hoechst 33258 and LysoTracker Red dye were purchased from Beyotime Biotechnology Co., Ltd. (Nantong, People’s Republic of China). All other chemicals were commercially available reagents of at least analytical grade.
3
Evaluating Anticancer Drug Efficacy
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The 3-(4,5-Dimethylthiazol-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT), dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), MX, topotecan, cisplatin (DDP), DOX, rhodamine123 (Rho 123), hoechst 33342, verapamil (VRP) and fumitremorgin C (FTC) were products of Sigma Aldrich Chemical Co (St. Louis, MO, USA). Dacomitinib (PF299804) and lapatinib were purchased from Selleck Chemicals (Houston, TX, USA). Dulbecco’s modified Eagle’s medium (DMEM), RPMI-1640 and fetal bovine serum (FBS) were products of Gibco BRL (Gaithersburg, MD, USA). Anti-total Akt, Anti-phospho-Akt, anti-total ERK1/2, anti-phospho-ERK1/2 antibodies and anti-ABCG2 antibodies were obtained from Santa Cruz Biotechnology (Paso Robles, CA, USA). The antibody against GAPDH was from Kangcheng (Shanghai, China). SYBR Green qPCR Master mix was purchased from ExCell Bio (Shanghai, China).
4
Bdph Synthesis and Characterization
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Bdph was synthesized and yielded a light yellow oily substance according to the previously described method [14 ]. Its purity (99.8%) was analyzed by using high performance liquid chromatography and the structure is shown in Figure 1 [15 ]. 4-Aminopiridine (4-AP), atropine sulfate, α-chymotrypsin, diltiazem, glibenclamide (GBC), histamine diphosphate, indomethacin, nicardipine, nifedipine (Nif), pyrilamine maleate, tetraethylammonium bromide (TEA), and verapamil (Vrp) were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich, St. Louis, MO. U.S.A. Papaverine was purchased from Narcotics Bureau, Taipei, Taiwan. Cromakalim, methysergide, and FPL 557121 were gifts from SmithKline Beecham Pharmaceutical, U.K., Sandoz, Swiss, and Fisons, U.K., respectively.
Male Hartley guinea-pigs (250~400 g) were obtained from the Animal Center of the National Science Council (Taipei, Taiwan). The animals were housed in ordinary cages at 22 ± 1°C with a humidity of 50%~60% under a constant 12/12-h light/dark cycle and provided with food and water ad libitum. Under a protocol approved by the Animal Care and Use Committee of Taipei Medical University, the following in vitro experiments were performed.
Male Hartley guinea-pigs (250~400 g) were obtained from the Animal Center of the National Science Council (Taipei, Taiwan). The animals were housed in ordinary cages at 22 ± 1°C with a humidity of 50%~60% under a constant 12/12-h light/dark cycle and provided with food and water ad libitum. Under a protocol approved by the Animal Care and Use Committee of Taipei Medical University, the following in vitro experiments were performed.
5
Multidrug Resistance Modulator Screening
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Rhy, Irhy, Cory, Icory, HS and HST were purchased from YUANYE (Shanghai, China), and their purities determined by HPLC were >98%. VCR, DOX, paclitaxel and cisplatin were purchased from Selleck Chemicals (Houston, TX, USA). The Pgp-Glo™ assay kit was purchased from Promega (Fitchburg, WI, USA). The Quanscript RT kit and Multi-PCR kit were obtained from Multisciences (Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China). Mouse anti-ABCB1 antibody was purchased from Santa Cruz Biotechnology, Inc. (Dallas, TX, USA). Mouse anti-β-actin antibody was acquired from Cell Signaling Technology (Beverly, MA, USA). Verapamil (VRP), Fumitremorgin C (FTC), Mitoxantrone (MX), MK-571, 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-yl)-2,5-diphenyllapatinibrazolium bromide (MTT), 2-(4-amidinophenyl)-6-indolecarbamidene dihydrochloride (DAPI), dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) and other chemicals were obtained from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MO, USA).
6
Establishing Brentuximab-Resistant Hodgkin Lymphoma
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