Diphenyl 2 4 6 trimethylbenzoyl phosphine oxide tpo

Ethoxylated pentaerythritol tetraacrylate (PET5EO4A) and 5 UAs, namely aliphatic urethane hexa-acrylate (87A), aromatic urethane hexa-acrylate (88A), aliphatic UA (588), aliphatic urethane triacrylate diluted in 15% hexanediol diacrylate (HDDA) (594), and high-functional aliphatic UA (5812), were purchased from Double Bond Chemical Company (New Taipei City, Taiwan) and used as received. Diphenyl (2,4,6-trimethyl benzoyl) phosphine oxide (TPO, Sigma-Aldrich, Saint Louis, MO, USA) was employed as a photoinitiator and isobornyl acrylate (IBOA, Double Bond Chemical, New Taipei City, Taiwan) as a reactive diluent. For the control group, a commercial denture base acrylic resin for DLP-based 3D printers (BB base, Enlighten Materials, Taipei, Taiwan) was acquired.

The model drugs paracetamol (MW = 151.2 g/mol), acetylsalicylic acid (MW = 180.2 g/mol), naproxen (MW = 252.2 g/mol), chloramphenicol (MW = 323.1 g/mol), and caffeine (MW = 194.2 g/mol) were purchased from Sigma–Aldrich Ltd. (Gillingham, UK) and prednisolone (MW = 360.4 g/mol) was purchased from Severn Biotech Ltd. (Kidderminster, UK).
Polyethylene glycol diacrylate (PEGda, average MW 575 g/mol) and diphenyl (2,4,6-trimethylbenzoyl) phosphine oxide (TPO) were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich Ltd. (Gillingham, UK). The salts for preparing the buffer dissolution media were purchased from VWR International Ltd., Poole, UK. All materials were used as received.

The main material used in this study is N-vinylcaprolactam (NVCL), which has a molecular weight of 139.19 g/mol, and was provided by Sigma Aldrich, Co. Dublin, Ireland, and should be stored at a temperature of 2 to 8 °C. The photoinitiator Diphenyl (2,4,6-trimethylbenzoyl) phosphine oxide (TPO) was also obtained from Sigma Aldrich, Co. Dublin, Ireland. Diethylene glycol diacrylate (DEGDA) with a molecular weight of 214.22 g/mol, obtained from Sigma Aldrich, Co. Dublin, Ireland, was used as the crosslinker. VAc and NVP, with molecular weights of 86.09 g/mol and 111.14 g/mol, respectively, were also obtained from Sigma Aldrich, Co. Dublin, Ireland. The chemical structures of these materials are listed below in Table 3.

p-Toluene sulfonic acid monohydrate (PTSA) and 3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene (EDOT) were purchased from Tokyo Chemical Industry Co., Ltd. (Tokyo, Japan). Iron (III) chloride hexahydrate (FeCl₃·6H₂O), sulfuric acid (H₂SO₄), chloroform, ethanol, and branched polyethyleneimine (PEI, average molecular weight: 1800 g mol^–1) were obtained from FUJIFILM Wako Pure Chemical Co. (Osaka, Japan). Diphenyl(2,4,6-trimethylbenzoyl)phosphine oxide (TPO) was purchased from Sigma–Aldrich (St. Louis, MO, USA). Polyethylene glycol (600) dimethacrylate (SR252) and dipentaerythritol pentaacrylate (SR399) were purchased from TOMOE Engineering Co., Ltd. (Okayama, Japan). A polyimide (PI) film was obtained from 3M Japan Co., Inc. (Tokyo, Japan) Gold wire (diameter: 0.1 mm) was obtained from Nilaco Co. (Tokyo, Japan). Conductive adhesive (Dotite D-500) was purchased from Fujikura Kasei Co., Ltd. (Tokyo Japan). A blue light-emitting diode (LED, EIL33-3L) was obtained from Toyoda Gosei Co., Ltd. (Aichi, Japan).

Zinc acetate dehydrate (≥98%), potassium
hydroxide (KOH, 90%), diphenyl (2,4,6-trimethylbenzoyl)phosphine oxide
(TPO, 97%), phosphate buffer saline (PBS, tablet), phenol (≥99.5%),
hydrogen peroxide (30%), methylene blue (MB), oleylamine (98%), octanethiol
(≥98.5%), and superoxide dismutase (SOD) were purchased from
Sigma-Aldrich. Polyethylene glycol (600) diacrylate (PEGDA, SR-610)
was purchased from Sartomer-Arkema. Methanol and IPA were purchased
from a local warehouse. Horseradish peroxidase (HRP) was purchased
from Thermo Scientific. 4-Aminoantipyrine (≥98.0%) was purchased
from Fluka Analytical. All chemicals were used as received without
further purification.