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25 protocols using biostation

1

Particle Uptake and Cell Morphology

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To supplement the size data from PTA analysis, to verify particle uptake by cells, and to describe cell morphology, phase contrast micrographs were taken using a Zeiss Axiovert 40-C Microscope. Gravitationally settled particles were micro-graphed under cell culture conditions in the absence of cells with a Nikon BioStation equipped with a 20 × phase contrast optics.
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2

Fibroblast Migration Assay for PRGF and PRF

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Scratch test for registering the capacity of PRGF and PRF compounds to induce wound healing was used the test for monitoring the actual fibroblasts migration on a standard gap (14 (link)). Fibroblasts were seeded at a density of 0.33×106 cells/IBIDI plate and 24 h of cultivation at 37°C in 5% CO2, the silicon frame was removed displaying a standard gap of 500 µm (Fig. 3). The plates were washed thoroughly with PBS to remove any debris. Fibroblasts in the presence of 3 ml complete medium with/without 10% serum (controls) or in the presence of the tested compounds were incubated and migration registered by video capture in BioStation (Nikon Corporation, Tokyo, Japan).
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3

Long-term Live-cell Imaging Protocols

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Long-term imaging was done using a microscope equipped with temperature, humidity, and CO2 control (Olympus IX81 inverted microscope) or a BioStation (Nikon). Phase contrast images were acquired every 2 min or 30 s using a 10× (NA, 0.3, Ph1) or 20× (NA, 0.45, Ph2) objective. Acquisitions were typically obtained over a period varying from 4 to 24 h. Short-term imaging was performed using an Olympus IX81 inverted microscope with a 20× or 60× differential interference contrast (DIC; NA, 1.2, DIC1, water) with an acquisition every 2 s for a few hours. For high-resolution microscopy, spinning disk confocal microscopy was performed with a Perkin-Elmer confocal spinning unit connected to an IX 81 microscope body (Olympus). Images were acquired through a 60× (NA, 1.2, water) objective with a C9100-13 electron multiplying charge coupled device camera (Hamamatsu Photonics). A confocal LSM70 Observor Z1 (Carl Zeiss) with a 63× (NA, 1.2, water) objective was also used for image acquisition. MetaMorph software (for Olympus microscope; Molecular Devices), Nikon software (for BioStation), and ZEN 2006 software (for Carl Zeiss microscope) were used. For life cell imaging, all images were acquired with cells in high glucose DMEM supplemented with 10% Hi-FBS (Invitrogen) at 37°C with 5% CO2.
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4

Induction of BMSC Neuronal Differentiation

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For induction of BMSC neuronal differentiation, BMSCs were cultured in SC-conditioned medium. BMSCs at P3–5 were used for experiments. Before induction, BMSCs were implanted onto coverslips at 3 × 104 cells per cm2. SCs were cultured in other culture flasks at 1 × 105 cells/cm2. SC-conditioned medium was collected and BMSCs medium was half-changed with SC-conditioned medium every day. The medium of control BMSCs was half-changed with complete medium. Changes in BMSC morphology were observed using time-lapse video microscopy (BioStation, Nikon, Japan) for 3 days.
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5

Cell Migration Tracking Assay

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A 35mm tissue culture dish (BD Falcon, Franklin Lakes, NJ) was pre-coated with 50 μg/mL collagen I (BD Biosciences, Bedford, MA) per maufacturer's directions. Cells were suspended in RPMI media with 10% FBS and 10,000 cells were added to the dish. Time-lapse images were taken every three minutes for 4.5 hours of seven randomly selected areas within the plate using a Biostation (Nikon Instruments, Melville, NY). The path traveled per cell was tracked for 5 cells per field using ImageJ software and the Manual Tracker plug-in.
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6

Wound Healing and Cell Motility Assays

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For scratch assays, treated NHEKs were densely plated in complete serum-free medium, treated with mitomycin C to prevent proliferation, and scratched. Wound closure was serially imaged by Bio-Station (Nikon, Melville, NY). Chemotaxis was assessed using Boyden chambers with complete medium with or without extra glucose and/or IGF-1 in the bottom chamber. Motility was analyzed by ImageJ software (National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD).
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7

Noninvasive Monitoring of Cell Cultures

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The cells cultured on the surfaces of TCP, cellulosic scaffolds and suspended modular porous substrates were monitored and analyzed noninvasively using an inverted Phase-Contrast Microscope (Nikon Eclipse Ti) during culture. Cell orientations and outgrowths were determined from the micrographs using image analysis software (NIS-Elements). Time-lapse videos of the cells were captured during cell culture using the Bio Station (Nikon Bio Station CT). Image analysis was also conducted using Image J software (Image J).
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8

Dual-reporter FUCCI system monitors cell cycle

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C4-2B4 cells were sequentially transduced with two retroviral vectors, one marking G1 and other S-G2M cell cycle phases. Cells were first transduced with pRetroX-G1-Red G1 reporter containing DNA replication factor 1 (CDT) fused with mCherry and selected with puromycin for 7 days [20 (link)]. Cells were subsequently transduced with pRetroX-SG2M reporter containing Geminin fused with Cyan and selected with neomycin plus puromycin for 7 days. CDT-mCherry levels peak in G1 but drop after S as CDT-mCherry is degraded by SCF E3 ubiquitin ligase. Geminin-Cyan levels are high in S-G2M but drop in G1 as Geminin-Cyan is degraded by APC ubiquitin ligase. The dynamic shift of C4-2B4-FUCCI cells from G1 (red) into S-G2M (green) was monitored live at the single cell level in a BioStation (Nikon) [48 (link)].
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9

Time-Lapse Imaging of PCa Cells

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PCa cells were plated in Hi-Q4 glass-bottom dishes (Ibidi) and cultured in RPMI-1640 containing 10% FBS. Cells were washed with RPMI-1640 containing 0.1% FBS before the addition of Calvarial-CM or recombinant human proteins. Concentrations used for the various recombinant human proteins were empirically derived. Images (20X objective) were acquired every 20 min for 72 h in a BioStation (Nikon) as previously described3 (link). Data were compiled using NIS-Elements (Nikon) software.
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10

Tracking Osteosome Uptake by Prostate Cancer Cells

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Osteosomes and control liposomes were labeled with the red fluorescent lipophilic dye PKH26 (InVitrogen)23 (link). Next, PKH26-labeled osteosomes or liposomes (3×105 particles) were added to prostate cancer cells (1×104 cells), C4-2b or PC3-mm2, in RPMI1640 containing exosome-depleted 0.1% FBS, and cells were plated on a glass-bottom dish (ibidi). Exosome or liposome uptake into cells was observed by live-cell imaging on a BioStation (Nikon), in which images were captured every 30 min over 30 h using both bright-field and red fluorescence channels24 (link). For antibody blocking, PKH26-labeled osteosomes were preincubated with anti-Cad11 monoclonal antibody 1A525 (link) at a final antibody concentration of 3 μg/ml before the osteosome-antibody mixture was added to prostate cancer cells for live-cell imaging analysis. PBS buffer alone and an unrelated antibody with similar IgG isotype were used as negative controls.
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