The paw withdrawal latency (PWL) test was conducted as previously described.22 (link) Each mouse was displaced in a transparent plastic box (7 cm × 9 cm × 11 cm) located on 3 mm-thick plexiglass pane of IITC Plantar Analgesia Meter (IITC Life Science Inc., CA, USA) for acclimation of 1 h. The calcaneal pad of hind paw was heated by a portable focused heater from underneath. The PWL was defined as the period as from the commencement of focused heating to the onset of paw licking or lifting, with the thermal intensity adjusted to achieve basal PWL in 8 to 14 s and an automatic cutoff preset to 25 s to avoid localized insults. The tests were in triplicate for each mouse at an interval of 5 min, with the mean PWL calculated as the thermal nociceptive threshold.
Iitc plantar analgesia meter
Manufactured by IITC Life Science
Sourced in United States
The IITC Plantar Analgesia Meter is a laboratory instrument designed to measure the thermal nociceptive threshold of small animals. It uses a focused radiant heat source to apply a controlled thermal stimulus to the animal's paw, and the latency to paw withdrawal is recorded as an indicator of pain sensitivity.
Automatically generated - may contain errors
14 protocols using iitc plantar analgesia meter
1
Paw Withdrawal Latency Evaluation in Mice
2
Plantar Heat Withdrawal Latency Assay
Check if the same lab product or an alternative is used in the 5 most similar protocols
+ Expand
Paw withdrawal latencies (PWLs) were measured with the IITC Plantar Analgesia Meter (IITC Life Science Inc., Woodland Hills, CA, United States) in a double-blinded manner as described in our previous studies (Liu et al., 2011 (link), 2018 (link); Zhang H. et al., 2017 (link); Zhang S. et al., 2017 (link)). Mice were placed in transparent acrylic enclosures (10 × 10 × 20 cm) on a glass plate in a temperature-controlled and noise-free room. The mice were allowed to habituate for 1 h before the behavioral test. A heat-producing radiant light source was used to stimulate the plantar surface of the left hind paw. Time from the “light on” to a typical withdrawal or licking of the tested hind paw was recorded as paw withdrawal latency. The basal PWLs were set to 9–15 s by adjusting the radiant light intensity. To prevent tissue damage, the radiant heat illumination was automatically cut off at 25 s. The PWLs were measured for five times/time points/animal with the last three used for analysis.
3
Thermal Sensitivity Evaluation in Mice
Check if the same lab product or an alternative is used in the 5 most similar protocols
+ Expand
Thermal sensitivity was measured using the Hargreaves test (Hargreaves et al., 1988 ) as described before (Yu et al., 2021b (link)). Mice were placed in Plexiglas boxes on an elevated glass surface and habituated to the behavioral apparatus for at least 60 minutes. The beam intensity was set on the IITC Plantar Analgesia Meter (IITC Life Science, Woodland Hills, CA). The mid-plantar surface of each hind paw was then exposed to a series of heat trials with 10-minute inter-trial intervals. Four trials were conducted with radiant heat exposures sequentially alternating between left and right paws. Paw withdrawal latency was recorded. A cutoff time of 25 s was set to prevent excessive tissue damage.
4
Thermal Hyperalgesia Assessment in Rats
Check if the same lab product or an alternative is used in the 5 most similar protocols
+ Expand
Withdrawal latency to heat was evaluated using the IITC Plantar Analgesia Meter (IITC Life Science, Inc.) to assess thermal hyperalgesia [12 (link), 26 (link)]. In this procedure, a radiant heat source was directed at the hind paws (intensity 70, cutoff 15 s) and latency to withdraw was recorded. A high intensity projector bulb (Osram 58–8007 8 V, 50 W) positioned 40 mm under a glass floor was projected through a 5 × 10 aperture in the top of a movable case. Once the rat withdrew the hindpaw, the heat source was turned off and latency to withdraw was recorded three times for each paw and averaged.
5
Evaluating Thermal Pain Sensitivity
Check if the same lab product or an alternative is used in the 5 most similar protocols
+ Expand
The Hargreaves test was used to measure thermal sensitivity to pain. Mice were placed in Plexiglas boxes on a glass surface and habituated for 1–2 hours. Three trials recording the withdrawal latency of the hind paw were conducted with a Hargreaves radiant heat apparatus, and the intensity was set to 20 on the IITC Plantar Analgesia Meter (IITC Life Science, Woodland Hills, CA). The basal paw withdrawal latency in naïve mice was adjusted to 9–12 s, with a cutoff of 20 s to prevent excessive tissue damage.
6
Hargreaves Test for Morphine Analgesia
7
Thermal and Mechanical Pain Assessment
Check if the same lab product or an alternative is used in the 5 most similar protocols
+ Expand
The animals were acclimatized to the environment for 30 min before behavioral testing, which was conducted blindly.
Thermal pain was evaluated using the IITC Plantar Analgesia Meter (IITC Life Science Inc., USA). Thermal withdrawal latency (TWL) was measured in terms of delayed reflex from the start of radiant heat exposure until hind paw withdrawal. The strength of the heat stimulus was controlled to yield a baseline thermal withdrawal latency of about 15 s in normal and sham-operated rats. Exposure was limited to 20 s, to avoid tissue damage.
Mechanical allodynia was assessed using von Frey filaments (Semmes-Weinstein Monofilaments; North Coast Medical, USA). The paw withdrawal threshold (PWT) was evaluated by steadily controlling the stimulus strength (the "up-and-down" method).
Thermal pain was evaluated using the IITC Plantar Analgesia Meter (IITC Life Science Inc., USA). Thermal withdrawal latency (TWL) was measured in terms of delayed reflex from the start of radiant heat exposure until hind paw withdrawal. The strength of the heat stimulus was controlled to yield a baseline thermal withdrawal latency of about 15 s in normal and sham-operated rats. Exposure was limited to 20 s, to avoid tissue damage.
Mechanical allodynia was assessed using von Frey filaments (Semmes-Weinstein Monofilaments; North Coast Medical, USA). The paw withdrawal threshold (PWT) was evaluated by steadily controlling the stimulus strength (the "up-and-down" method).
8
Thermal Nociception Evaluation in Mice
Check if the same lab product or an alternative is used in the 5 most similar protocols
+ Expand
To assess thermal nociception, paw withdrawal latencies (PWLs) were measured using the Hargreaves test (Hargreaves et al., 1988 (link)) with an IITC plantar analgesia meter (IITC Life Science). Room temperature was controlled at 23°C ± 2°C. Mice were individually placed in polyethylene cages on a glass platform and allowed to accommodate the apparatus for 1–2 h. A radiant heat source beneath the glass was used to stimulate the plantar surface of the hind paw. In advance, heat intensity was adjusted to produce a baseline of 10–15 s. To prevent tissue damage, the cutoff time was set to 20 s. Flinching, flicking, and trembling were considered as positive responses. The measurements were triplicated at 10 min intervals, and the mean was calculated as the PWL.
9
Thermal Paw Withdrawal Latency Measurement in Mice
Check if the same lab product or an alternative is used in the 5 most similar protocols
+ Expand
PWLs were measured using the Hargreaves test82 (link) with an IITC plantar analgesia meter (IITC Life Science). In brief, mice were placed individually in polyethylene cages on a glass platform and allowed to acclimate to the testing apparatus for 1 h. A radiant heat source beneath the glass was used to stimulate the plantar surface of the hind paw. A positive response was considered when a mouse trembled, withdrew, or licked its paw, and the PWL was calculated as the average of three applications.
10
Hargreaves Plantar Analgesia Assay
Check if the same lab product or an alternative is used in the 5 most similar protocols
+ Expand
Paw withdrawal latencies (PWLs) were measured using the Hargreaves test (Hargreaves et al., 1988 (link)) with the IITC plantar analgesia meter (IITC Life Science). In a quiet environment, these mice were placed in polyethylene cages separately on a glass platform and allowed to accommodate the apparatus for 1–2 h. A radiant heat source beneath the glass was used to stimulate the plantar surface of the hind paw. Before testing, heat intensity was adjusted to produce a baseline of 10–15 s. A cutoff time was set at 25 s to prevent tissue damage. Flinching, flicking, and trembling were considered positive responses. The measurements were triplicated at 10 min intervals, and the mean was calculated as the PWL.
About PubCompare
Our mission is to provide scientists with the largest repository of trustworthy protocols and intelligent analytical tools, thereby offering them extensive information to design robust protocols aimed at minimizing the risk of failures.
We believe that the most crucial aspect is to grant scientists access to a wide range of reliable sources and new useful tools that surpass human capabilities.
However, we trust in allowing scientists to determine how to construct their own protocols based on this information, as they are the experts in their field.
Ready to get started?
Sign up for free.
Registration takes 20 seconds.
Available from any computer
No download required
Revolutionizing how scientists
search and build protocols!