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24 protocols using arid1a

1

Nuclear Protein Interactome Analysis

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Immunoprecipitations (IP) were performed with 100 ug of nuclear extract resuspended in standard IP buffer (150 mM NaCl, 1 mM EDTA, 1% Triton-X) and rotated overnight with 1.25 ug antibody. Antibodies used were: SMARCA4 (Santa Cruz, G-7; Abcam ab110641 used in Supplementary Figure 2F); SMARCA2, (Bethyl A301–015); SMARCC1 (Santa Cruz, H-76); SMARCD1 (Santa Cruz, 23); ARID2 (Santa Cruz, E-3); PBRM1 (EMD/Millipore, ABE70, Bethyl, A301–591A); ARID1A (Santa Cruz, C1), SS18 (Cell Signaling Technologies, D6I4Z), SMARCC2 (Santa Cruz, E-6), and mouse IgG (Santa Cruz, sc-2025) as a negative control.
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2

Validation of BAF Complex Protein-Protein Interactions

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Co-immunoprecipitation (CoIP) was performed to validate BAF complex protein–protein interaction. Active motif universal magnetic Co-IP kit (Active Motif) was used to make nuclear extract from TC32 cells according to the manufacturer's instructions. The protein G magnetic beads were used for Co-IP and the IP was performed on 300 μg samples using 2 μg of FLI1 polyclonal antibody and rabbit IgG (as a negative control). Western blots were performed individually using the following antibodies: FLI1 (Santa Cruz Biotechnology, C-19 SC365), ARID1A (Santa Cruz Biotechnology, sc-32761), ARID1B (Abcam, ab54761), SMARCA4 (BRG1; Santa Cruz Biotechnology, sc-17796), SMARCC2 (BAF170; Bethyl Laboratories, A301-039A), SMARCC1 (BAF155; Santa Cruz Biotechnology, sc-9746), SMARCB1 (SNF5; Bethyl Laboratories, A301-087A), and ACTL6A (BAF53A; Abcam ab131272). Detection was carried out using Millipore Immobilon Western Chemiluminescent HRP Substrate per the manufacturer's instructions (Millipore Corp.) using a Fujifilm LAS-3000 imaging system.
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3

Immunohistochemical Analysis of Beclin 1

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For immunohistochemistry, paraffin sections were deparaffinized and incubated with a primary mouse Beclin 1 antibody (Cell Signaling Technology, Danvers, MA, USA) at a dilution of 1:100 in a 4°C moist chamber overnight. Two independent observers scored Beclin 1 immunoreactivity using a categorical scoring system from 0 (not detectable) to 3 (intense) with the mean score recorded from triplicate samples. Immunostaining and evaluation of ARID1A (a dilution 1:100; Santa Cruz Biotechnology, Santa Cruz, CA, USA) was previously performed (11 (link)).
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4

Western Blot Analysis of SWI/SNF Proteins

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Total protein was denatured for 10 min at 95 °C, separated on a 4–12% SDS-polyacrylamide gel, and transferred to a PVDF membrane (Immobilon FL, EMD Millipore, Billerica, MA). The membrane was blocked with 5% bovine serum albumin (VWR, Batavia, IL) in PBS containing 0.1% Tween-20 (PBST) for 30 mins at room temperature and then incubated in primary antibodies overnight at 4°C. The primary antibodies used were directed against ARID1A (Santa Cruz Biotechnology Inc., Dallas, TX; sc-32761), PBRM1 (Bethyl Laboratories, Montgomery, TX; A301–591A), BAF155 (Santa Cruz Biotechnology Inc., Dallas, TX; Sc-32763), BAF47 (Santa Cruz Biotechnology Inc., Dallas, TX; Sc-166165), LAMIN B1 (Santa Cruz Biotechnology Inc., Dallas, TX; Sc-377000). The primary antibodies were detected by incubating the membranes in goat-anti-rabbit or goat-anti-mouse secondary antibodies (LI-COR Biotechnology, Lincoln, NE) conjugated to IRDye 800CW or IRDye 680 respectively for 1 h at room temperature, and the signals were visualized using Odyssey Clx imager (LI-COR Biotechnology, Lincoln, NE).
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5

Immunohistochemical Analysis of Orbital and Ocular Adnexal Lymphomas

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Immunohistochemistry was performed on the DAKO Autostainer (DAKO, Carpinteria, CA) using DAKO Envision+ and diaminobenzadine as the chromogen. Sections of de-paraffinized Orbital and ocular adnexal lymphomas were labeled with ARID1A (mouse monoclonal, clone PSG3, 1:250, Santa Cruz Biotechnology, Dallas TX, #sc-32761), EZH2 (mouse monoclonal, clone 11, 1:100, BD Biosciences, San Jose, CA, #612666), or KMT3B/NSD1 (rabbit polyclonal, 1:250, EMD Millipore, Billerica, MA, #ABE1009) for 60 minutes at ambient temperature. Microwave epitope retrieval in 10 mM Tris/HCl, pH 9 containing 1 mM EDTA was used prior to staining. Appropriate negative (no primary antibody) and positive controls were stained in parallel with each set of tumors studied. Immunostained slides were examined by light microscopy by two pathologists (A.S.M. and S.A.T.). Only staining of the nucleus was marked as positive expression. The staining was scored semiquantitatively and recorded based on percent nuclei staining (0 = negative, 1 = 1 – 25% immunoreactive cells, 2 = 26% – 50% immunoreactive cells, 3 = 51% – 75% immunoreactive cells, 4 = 76% – 100% immunoreactive cells) and intensity of staining (0 = negative, 1 = weak, 2 = moderate, 3 = strong). Corresponding sections were also H&E stained.
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6

Immunoblotting of Whole-Cell Protein Extracts

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Whole-cell protein extracts were prepared with ice-cold RIPA buffer (25 mM Tris-HCl pH 7.6, 150 mM NaCl, 1% NP-40, 1% sodium deoxycholate, 0.1% sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS)) with Complete Protease Inhibitor Cocktail (Roche Life Sciences, Indianapolis, IN). Each aliquot of protein sample was run on a SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and transferred onto a nitrocellulose membrane for immunoblotting with primary antibodies, including ARID1A (Santa Cruz, sc-32761, 1:1000 dilution), CDC25C (Santa Cruz, sc-327, 1:2000 dilution), CDC2 (Santa Cruz, sc-54, 1:2000 dilution), GAPDH (Santa Cruz, sc-365062, 1:5000 dilution), HSP90 (Santa Cruz, sc-69703, 1:5000 dilution), α-tubulin (Santa Cruz, sc-5286, 1:5000 dilution), p-CDC25C (Cell Signaling, #9529s, 1:1000 dilution), p-CDC2 (Cell Signaling, #9111s, 1:1000 dilution), AURKA (Cell Signaling, #14475s, 1:2000 dilution), and cleaved caspase 3 (Cell Signaling, #9661s, 1:2000 dilution) antibodies, followed by horseradish peroxidase-conjugated secondary antibodies (Santa Cruz). Uncropped versions of all blots are shown in Supplementary Figs. 8-12.
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7

ChIP Assay for Transcriptional Regulators

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ChIP was performed as we have previously described 19 (link). The following antibodies were used to perform ChIP: ARID1A (Santa Cruz), RNA polymerase II (Santa Cruz), H3Ac (Active Motif) and BRG1 (Santa Cruz). An isotype matched IgG was used as a negative control. ChIP DNA was analysed by quantitative PCR against the promoter of the human HDAC6 gene. All primer sequences in Table S1. For single site PCR, the primers for position −880 upstream of transcription starting site were used.
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8

SWI/SNF Chromatin Remodeling Complex Analysis

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Protein was loaded onto Bis-Tris 4–12% gradient Novex gels and run for 150V for 90 minutes. A wet transfer was performed for 2.5 hours at 165 mA at 4 degrees Celsius on to PVDF membrane. After transfer, membranes were blocked in milk for 1 hour at room temperature before applying primary and fluorescent secondary antibodies (Goat Anti-Mouse IgG Antibody, IRDye® 680RD Conjugated, LICOR, Goat Anti-Rabbit IgG Antibody, IRDye® 800CW Conjugated, LICOR) for visualization on a LICOR Odyssey. Antibodies used were: SMARCA4 (Santa Cruz, G-7); SMARCA2, (Bethyl A301–015); SMARCC1 (Santa Cruz, H-76); SMARCC2 (Santa Cruz, E-6); SMARCD1 (Santa Cruz, 23); ARID2 (Santa Cruz, E-3); PBRM1 (EMD/Millipore, ABE70); ARID1A (Santa Cruz, C7), SS18 (Cell Signaling Technologies, D6I4Z), BRD7 (Santa Cruz, B-8), TBP (Abcam, 5184), SMARCB1 (Santa Cruz, A-5), GAPDH (Santa Cruz, G-9), ACTL6A (Santa Cruz, E-3), and CTCF (EMD/Millipore, 07–729).
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9

ARID1A Overexpression Construct Cloning

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For ARID1A overexpression studies, constructs were amplified the following primers:
ARID1A-Canonical-F: 5′-CGACGATGACAAGGGATCCATGGCCGCGCAGGTCGCCCCCGC-3′.
ARID1A-Known-F-: 5′-CGACGATGACAAGGGATCCATGGGGGGAGGCGGCCCCTCCGC-3′.
ARID1A-Novel-F: 5′-CGACGATGACAAGGGATCCATGGATCAGATGGGCAAGATGAG-3′.
ARID1A-R: 5′-GGAATTGATCCCGCTCGAGTCATGACTGGCCAATCAAAAACA-3′.
PCR products were cloned into a pHR’CMVGFPIRESWSln18-based vector (gift from Dr. Shang Li) using Gibson Assembly Master Mix (NEB).
Cells were lysed in RIPA buffer (Sigma) for 10 min on ice with the presence of protease inhibitors. Cell lysates were centrifuged at 9000 rpm for 10 min and supernatants were collected for concentration measurements using Pierce BCA protein assay kit. The following antibodies were used for western blotting: ARID1A (sc-32761, Santa Cruz), GAPDH (60004-1-Ig, Proteintech Group), and TMEM59 (GTX104486, GeneTex).
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10

Antibodies for Immunoblot Analysis

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Antibodies used for immunoblotting were KDM3A-Ser265 (kindly supplied by Dr. Juro Sakai, RCAST, University of Tokyo), KDM3A (cat# ab106456, Abcam), Arid1A (cat# sc-32761, Santa Cruz Biotechnology), SRSF3 (cat# sc-13510, Santa Cruz Biotechnology), and SAT1 (D1T7M, cat# 61586, Cell Signaling Technology).
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