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41 protocols using cleaved notch1

1

Western Blot Analysis of Cell Proteins

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Extracted proteins were separated by sodiumdodecylsulfate–polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) on a 4–20% gradient gel (Bio-Rad, Hercules, CA, United States), transferred to nitrocellulose membranes (Thermo Fisher Scientific), and blocked either with 5% non-fat dry milk (NFDM) or 5% bovine serum albumin (BSA, Sigma-Aldrich) dissolved in Tris-buffered saline (TBS). The following proteins were analyzed: Cleaved Notch1 (4147, Cell Signaling Technology, Inc., Danvers, MA, United States), platelet-derived growth factor receptor-alpha (PDGFRα, ab61219, Abcam), myelin basic protein (Mbp, AB980, Thermo Fisher Scientific), proliferating-cell-nuclear-antigen (PCNA, 2586, Cell Signaling Technology), Erk1/2 (9102, Cell Signaling Technology), Phospho-Erk1/2 (9101, Cell Signaling Technology), β-Tubulin (ab6046, Abcam). Horseradish peroxidase-coupled donkey anti-rabbit or sheep anti-mouse antibodies (Cytiva, Marlborough, MA, United States) were used as secondary antibodies. Binding was detected using the chemiluminescent Amersham ECL Prime western Blotting Detection Reagent (Cytiva) on a Chemidoc XRS + system (Bio-Rad). Pixel summation of individual bands was performed with ImageJ Software (NIH, Bethesda, MD, United States).
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2

Doxorubicin and DAPT Mediated Regulation of Notch Signaling

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Doxorubicin (Dox) and N-[(3,5-Difluorophenyl)acetyl]-l-alanyl-2-phenyl]glycine-1,1-dimethylethyl ester (DAPT) were obtained from Selleck (Houston, TX, USA). Antibodies were procured against E-cadherin (BD Biosciences, Lexington, KY, USA), Vimentin (BD Biosciences), β-actin (Sigma-Aldrich, A5228), Notch1 (Cell Signaling Technology, Boston, MA, USA), cleaved Notch1 (Cell Signaling Technology), cyclinA2 (Abcam, Cambridge, UK), Ki67 (GeneTex, GTX16667), Hes1 (Cell Signaling Technology), p21 (Proteintech, Rosemont, IL, USA), β-catenin (BD Biosciences), cyclinD1 (Santa Cruz Biotechnology, CA, USA), and c-Myc(Santa Cruz Biotechnology). Secondary goat anti-mouse and goat anti-rabbit antibodies were obtained from ZSGB-BIO (Beijing, China).
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3

Western Blot Analysis of Alzheimer's Markers

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Cells were analyzed by western blotting using 4–12% SDS gradient gels (NP0322PK2; Invitrogen) and the following antibodies were used: APP (Abcam, ab32136, Cambridge, UK), BACE1 (Abcam, ab183612), PSEN1 (Cell Signaling Technology, D39D1, Danvers, MA, USA), cleaved Notch1 (Cell Signaling Technology, 4147), Aβ1-42 (Abcam, ab201060), and anti-β-actin (Abcam, ab8227). Electrophoreses were performed using 15% Tris-Glycine SDS gels for Aβ and 12% Tris-Glycine SDS gradient gels for PSEN1 in 12-well gel, and the resulting bands were transferred by western blotting. The protein concentration of the loading sample was 30 μg. Immunoreactivity was analyzed by chemiluminescence (GE Healthcare, Piscataway, NJ, USA). The protein marker ranges from 10–180 kDa were used (Tris-glycine-SDS running buffer) (GeneDireX, PM006-0500, Taoyuan City, Taiwan). The transfer buffer was 25% Methanol and 10% TG-SDS buffer (Avantor, 0783-5L, Radnor, PA, USA). The setup time and voltage are 90 min and 400 mA by gel transfer to PVDF member. The chemiluminescence signal was observed using a digital image analyzer (Fuji Film Inc, LAS-3000, Tokyo, Japan).
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4

Immunohistochemical Analysis of Exoc5 Mice

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Immunohistochemical and fluorescence stains were performed on 5 um, paraffin-embedded sections from E13.5, E15.5, P0, and adult wildtype and conditional Exoc5 mice as previously described11 (link). Antibodies and their dilutions include: acetylated tubulin (Sigma, #T6793, 1:500), gamma tubulin (Abcam, #T6793, 1:1000), RUNX2 (Abcam, #ab192256, 1:250), ERK1/2 (Cell Signaling, #4695, 1:50), phospho-ERK1/2 (Cell Signaling, #4370, 1:40), cleaved NOTCH1 (Cell Signaling, #4147, 1:200), Hoescht (Life Technologies, #H3569, 1:10,000), and Life Technologies Alexa Fluors: 488 (#A-11029, #A-11034) 568 (#A-11004, #A-11036) and Cy5 (#A-10524) at 1:100. Slides were coverslipped using Invitrogen SlowFade Gold Antifade Reagent (#S36936). Images were captured using: Leica TCS SP5 AOBS Confocal Microscope System and LAS AF v2.6.3 Build 8173 Acquisition and Analysis Software, Zeiss Axioscope M2, or Olympus BH-2 brightfield microscope.
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5

Protein Expression Analysis by Western Blot

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Tissues or cultured organoids were lysed with RIPA lysis buffer with protease inhibitors. Protein concentrations were determined by the BCA protein assay kit (Pierce Chemical). The samples were subjected to SDS–PAGE, transferred to polyvinylfluoride membranes, and incubated overnight at 4 °C with antibodies against MYC (Santa Cruz, sc-41), ChREBP (Abcam, ab92809), CERS4 (Abcam, ab66512), SMPD3 (Santa Cruz, sc-166637), cleaved NOTCH1 (Cell Signaling Technology, 4147), RBP-J (Cell Signaling Technology, 5313), ATOH1 (Proteintech, 21215-1-AP), HES1 (Santa Cruz, sc-166410) and ACTB (Cell Signaling Technology, 4970). Proteins were visualized using the SuperSignal West Dura Extended Duration Substrate (Thermo Fisher Scientific) and an image analyser (Alpha Innotech).
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6

Western Blot Analysis of Protein Signaling

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Tissue samples were homogenized in lysis buffer [20 mM Tris (pH 7.4), 150 mM NaCl, 10 mM EDTA and 1% Triton X-100 with a complete protease inhibitor cocktail (Roche)] and then denatured in SDS sample buffer in boiling water. The total extracted proteins were separated on a 10% SDS polyacrylamide gel (Bio-Rad) and electro-transferred to a Hybond N+ membrane (GE Healthcare). Membranes were blocked with 5% (w/v) non-fat dry milk, incubated with primary antibodies against lysozyme (1:1000, Dako, A0099), NF-κB-p65 (1:1000, Cell Signaling Technology, 8242), IκBα (1:1000, 9242, Cell Signaling Technology), p-IκBα (1:1000, Cell Signaling Technology, 9246), cleaved-Notch1 (1:1000, Cell Signaling Technology, 4147) and glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (Gapdh, 1:5000, GeneTex, GTX100118), and finally detected using the Visualizer Kit (Millipore).
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7

Dendrobium officinale Immune Regulation Protocol

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Dendrobium officinale was purchased from Zhejiang Shouxiangu Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd. (Jinhua, China), and PMA and LPS were purchased from Sigma (Saint Louis, MI, USA). Recombinant human interleukin-4 (IL-4) was purchased from PeproTech, Inc. (Rocky Hill, NJ, USA). TNF-α and IL-6 ELISA kits were purchased from Lianke Biological Technology (Hangzhou, China). Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) Assay Kit was received from MCE (Romulus, NJ, USA). Total Protein Extraction kit was purchased from Beyotime (Shanghai, China). The MiNiBEST Universal RNA Extraction Kit, PrimeScript RT Reagent kit, and SYBR Premix Ex Taq II Kit were purchased from TaKaRa (Dalian, China). Transwell polycarbonate membrane had an 8 μm pore size (Corning City, NY, USA). The primary antibodies E-cadherin, N-cadherin, Vimentin, Caspase-3, Bax, Bcl-2, Ki67, and β-actin were purchased from Proteintech (Wuhan, China). The primary antibodies ARG1, TGM2, and Cleaved-NOTCH1 were purchased from Cell Signaling Technology (Danvers, MA, USA). The primary antibodies STAT6, p-STAT6, PPAR-r, JAGGED1, Cleaved-NOTCH1, and NOTCH1 were purchased from Abcam (Cambridge, UK). β-actin was purchased from Proteintech (Wuhan, China). The ECL Plus Western Blotting Detection Kit was purchased from Technology Co., Ltd. (Beijing, China). Anti-CD80-FITC and Anti-CD206-PE were obtained from Thermo Fisher (Waltham, MA, USA).
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8

Western Blot Analysis of Cell Signaling

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20 to 50 μg of protein was diluted 1:1 with 2× loading buffer (100 mM Tris–HCL pH 6.8, 20% glycerol, 4% SDS, 200 mM DTT and Bromophenol Blue), and proteins were denatured for 5 min at 95°C. Samples were resolved on a SDS–PAGE following standard procedures.
Gels were transferred onto Nitrocellulose membrane (GE Healthcare) for 1.5 h at 400 mA. The membrane was then blocked with 5% Milk in TBS‐tween buffer (20 mM Tris pH 7.6, 150 mM NaCl, 0.1% Tween) for 20 min. Membranes were incubated 30 min/1 h or O/N at 4°C in primary antibodies [Cleaved Notch1 (1:1,000, Cell Signalling #4147); β‐Actin (1:10,000, Proteintech #66009‐1‐Ig); Fbxw7 (1:1,000; Abcam #171961); GFP (1:1,000, Cell Signalling #2956); Cdk1 (1:1,000, Cell Signalling #9116); Cdk2 (1:1,000, Cell Signalling #2546); Cdk4 (1:1,000, Santa Cruz #260); Cdk6 (1:1,000, Santa Cruz #177); Cdk8 (1:1,000, Bethyl #A302‐501A‐T); Cyclin A2 (1:1,000, Cell Signalling #4656); Cyclin B1 (1:1,000, Cell Signalling #4138); Cyclin C (1:1,000, Bethyl #A301‐989A‐M); Cyclin D1 (1:5,000, Abcam #137875); Cyclin E1 (1:1,000, Cell Signalling #4129); Total histone H3 (1:1,000, Cell Signalling #9715); Phospho‐histone H3 (1:1,000, Cell Signalling #3377)].
The membranes were then washed with TBS‐Tween and incubated with the appropriate secondary HRP antibody (Cell Signalling, #7074, #7076). After washing, membranes were developed using ECL solution (Pierce).
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9

Detailed Antibody Preparation Protocol

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All inhibitors were dissolved in DMSO to a concentration of 10 mM and stored under nitrogen. The following antibodies were purchased from Cell Signaling Technology (Danvers, MA, USA): Cleaved Notch1 (#4147), PTEN (#9559), pAKT T308 (#2965), pAKT S473 (#9271), pNDRG1 T346 (#5482), pS6RP S235/236 (#2211), PIK3CA (#4249), PIK3CB (#3011), PIK3CG (#5405), TUBULIN (#5346), GAPDH (#3683). PIK3CD (sc-7176), pPRAS40 T246 (44-1100G) and MYC (ab32072) were purchased from Santa Cruz (Dallas, TX, USA), Life Technologies (Grand Island, NY, USA) and Abcam (Cambridge, UK), respectively.
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10

Immunoblot Analysis of Angiogenic Regulators

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Immunoblot analyses were performed as previously described25 (link) using VE-Cadherin (1:500, R&D Systems), cleaved Notch1 (1:1000, Cell Signaling Technology), Jagged1 (1: 1000, R&D Systems), Hey2 (1:1000, Abcam), and β-Actin (1:1000, Cell Signaling Technology) antibodies.
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