Architect i2000sr system

We tested for HBsAg and hepatitis virus e antigen (HBeAg) by performing automated chemiluminescent paramagnetic microparticle immunoassays on the Abbott Architect i2000SR system (Abbott Laboratories, Abbott Park, IL, USA). Levels of HBsAg (qHBsAg) were measured by performing quantitative enzyme immunoassays on the Abbott Architect i2000SR system, as per the manufacturer’s instructions. HBV DNA load was quantified using COBAS Ampliprep/COBAS TaqMan HBV Test, version 2.0. HIV RNA was quantified using COBAS Ampliprep/COBAS TaqMan HIV-1 Test, version 2.0 (Roche, Basel, Schweiz).

Blood samples were obtained from all patients on the day before liver biopsy. Serum markers were measured in either fresh blood or frozen serum samples stored at − 40 °C. Hematological (Sysmex XE-2100, Sysmex Corporation, Japan) or common biochemical (Hitachi 7600-020 Analyzer, Hitachi, Japan; Wako Diagnostics reagents, Wako Pure Chemical Industries Ltd, Japan) and coagulation function (MC-2000 blood coagulation analyzer, Meichuang Company, Germany) tests were performed using standard methodologies. The reference value was 5–50 IU/L for alanine aminotransferase (ALT) (IFCC, 37 °C), 15–60 IU/L for GGT, 40–55 g/L for ALB, and 9–13 s for prothrombin time (PT). Hepatitis virus markers (Abbott ARCHITECT i2000 SR system, Abbott Laboratories, Abbott Park, IL, USA) including HBsAg, hepatitis B surface antibody (HBsAb), hepatitis B early antigen (HBeAg), hepatitis B early antibody (HBeAb), hepatitis B core antibody (HBcAb), and anti-HCV were measured with Clinical Laboratory Improvement Amendment (CLIA) systems. HBV DNA concentrations were measured using the COBAS TaqMan assay (Roche Molecular Systems, Branchburg, NJ, USA), which has a lower limit of quantification of 100 copies/mL. All markers described above were measured by the Department of Laboratory Medicine, Shanghai First People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.

Demographic information including age, sex (1 = boy, 2 = girl), living arrangement was also collected. Living arrangement was assessed by asking who lived in the student’s primary home (responses were coded as living with both parents = 1, living with a single parent = 2, living with others = 3).
Morning serum cortisol level was also tested. Another 4-mL sample of whole blood was drawn from 7:00 to 10:00 am to obtain serum, and the morning serum total cortisol level was assayed with the competitive chemiluminescent microparticle immunoassay utilizing the Abbott Architect i2000SR system (Abbott Laboratories, Abbott Park, IL).

All patients systematically underwent complete biochemical workups, ultrasonography and liver biopsy within 2 days.Blood samples of the subjects were obtained before LB. Biochemical tests were performed by commercial assays in our hospital laboratory for alanine aminotransferase(ALT,U/L), aspartate aminotransferase(AST,U/L), hemoglobin (HGB, g/L), uric acid (UA,μmol/L), Fasting plasma glucose(FPG, mmol/L),Total cholesterol (TC,mmol/L),and Glycerin three greases (TG,mmol/L), high-density lipoprotein (HDL, mmol/L); low-density lipoprotein (LDL, mmol/L). The serum HBV-DNA level was detected with a Real-Time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) System (ABI7700;Applied Shenzhen city Daeran Biological Engineering Co Ltd, Shenzhen, Guangdong,CHN). HBsAg, HBsAb, HBeAg, HBeAb, HBcAb, anti-HCV were measured with CLIA systems(Abbott ARCHITECT i2000 SR system, Abbott Laboratories, Abbott Park, IL, USA).
The formulas of FIB-4, APRI,and AAR were calculated as described in the original articles[4 (link)–6 (link)].FIB -4:(age [year]*AST [U/L]) / {(PLT [10⁹/L])*(ALT [U/L])^1/2};APRI:(AST/ [ULN]/PLT [10⁹/L]) *100; AAR:AST(U/L)/ALT(U/L).

Plasma samples were obtained from SARS-CoV-2 convalescent or naïve donors. Plasma samples were heat inactivated at 56 °C for 30 min and subsequently centrifuged for 5 min at 8000 rpm in a tabletop centrifuge. To determine titers of SARS-CoV-2 binding antibodies a commercially available anti-SARS-CoV-2-IgA and -IgG ELISA (Euroimmun, Lübeck, Germany) using the fully automated four-plate benchtop instrument Immunomat™ (Virion/Serion, Würzburg, Germany) for detection of anti-S IgA and anti-S IgG and an Abbott SARS-CoV-2 IgG immunoassay on the ARCHITECT i2000SR system (Abbott, Chicago, IL, USA) for detection of anti-N IgG antibodies were used. Cut-off values for all assays were used according to manufactures recommendations. For anti-S IgA and anti-S IgG antibodies an optical density (OD) <0.8 was interpreted as negative, an OD between 0.8 and 1.1 as borderline, and an OD >1.1 as positive result. The anti-N IgG immunoassay was interpreted as positive for relative light units (RLU) >1.4.