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Rat anti brdu

Manufactured by Merck Group

Rat anti-BrdU is a laboratory reagent used to detect and quantify cells that have incorporated the thymidine analog bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU) during DNA synthesis. It is a monoclonal antibody derived from rat that specifically binds to BrdU, allowing for the identification and analysis of proliferating cells.

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6 protocols using rat anti brdu

1

Quantifying GFP-Positive Cell Populations

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For quantification of specific GFP positive cell populations, the following triple labeling was performed: mature neurons—mouse anti-GFP (1:200; Santa Cruz Biotechnology), chicken anti-β-III tubulin (1:100; Millipore), and rat anti-BrdU (1:400; Accurate Chemical & Scientific Corp.); neuroblasts—mouse anti-GFP, goat anti-doublecortin (DCX; 1:400; Santa Cruz Biotechnology), and rat anti-BrdU; progenitor cells—mouse anti-GFP, rat anti-BrdU, rabbit anti-nestin (1:200; Millipore); stem cells- goat anti-GFP, mouse anti-nestin, rabbit anti-GFAP (1:500; Dako); mature astrocytes—goat anti-GFP, mouse anti-GFAP, rabbit anti-S100ß (1:3000, Abcam). The following secondary antibodies were used from Jackson ImmunoResearch Laboratories (West Grove, PA): biotinylated species-specific anti-IgG (all used at 1:250), Cy3-conjugated Donkey anti-Rat (1:500), Alexa Fluor 647 (AF647)-conjugated Donkey anti-Mouse (1:250), Cy2-conjugated Streptavidin (1:250), DAPI Nucleic Acid Stain (1:10,000, Life Technologies, Grand Island, NY).
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2

Quantifying Hippocampal Neurogenesis by BrdU and NeuN

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After 4 weeks of control or fructose treatment, the animals were injected i.p. with 100 mg kg − 1 5-Bromo-2′-deoxyuridine (BrdU, Sigma-Aldrich) once per day for 3 consecutive days. After 8 weeks of treatment animals were transcardially perfused with saline, followed by 4% paraformaldehyde (PFA, Sigma-Aldrich) in PBS. Brains were removed and sectioned on a cryostate in 12 sets of serial coronal slices of 40 μm thickness; each set contained 5–7 slices covering the entire length of the hippocampus. Immunodetection of BrdU and NeuN in tissue sections was performed as described previously [37 (link)]. The primary antibodies used were rat anti-BrdU (Sigma-Aldrich, St. Louis, MO) and monoclonal anti-NeuN (Millipore). BrdU-positive cells were counted using a fluorescence microscope (Olympus BX51, Tokyo, Japan) as described in [37 (link)]. For quantification of net neurogenesis NeuN staining in each BrdU-positive cell was detected using a confocal laser microscope (Olympus FV1000) and z-plane sections of 1–2 sets of coronal sections.
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3

Fluorescent Labeling of Hair Cells

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HCs were labeled with the vital dye, Yo-Pro-1 (Invitrogen) as described [17 (link)]. Briefly, larvae were placed in egg water containing 5 μM Yo-Pro-1 for 30 min and rinsed three times in fresh egg water. They were then anesthetized with 0.02% Tricaine (MS-222, Sigma) and the number of HCs was counted from three fixed locations of lateral line neuromasts (SO1, SO2, L1) at room temperature.
For immunohistochemistry, fish larvae were anesthetized as described above, then fixed in 4% paraformaldehyde (PFA) in PBS, pH 7.4, overnight at 4°C. After fixation, samples were washed three times with PBS-T (PBS/0.1% Triton X-100). Mouse anti-HCS-1 (HC-specific antigen; 1:100; a gift from Jeff Corwin; University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA) and rat anti-BrdU (1:100, Sigma) were used to visualize HCs and cells undergoing cell cycle. Mouse Vimentin antibody for immunostaining was from Sigma (V5255). BrdU immunostaining was done following the protocol described before [5 (link)]. Click-IT® EdU labeling kit (Invitrogen) was used to visualize the EdU uptake. For TUNEL assay, we used ApopTag® Fluorescein In Situ Apoptosis Detection Kit (Millipore) following the manufacturer’s protocol.
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4

Immunofluorescence Staining Protocol

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The following antibodies were used: mouse anti-PPARα (1:200; cat. no. 20R-PR21, Fitzgerald, Acton, MA, USA), rabbit anti-cleaved caspase-3 (1:500; cat. no. 9661, Cell Signaling), mouse anti-Iba-1 (1:500; cat. no. MABN92, Merck), mouse anti-GFAP (1:500; cat. no. G3893, Sigma), rat anti-BrdU (1:2000; cat. no. OBT0030G, Accurate Chemical and Scientific, Westbury, NY, USA), and mouse anti-β3 tubulin (1:5000; Promega, Madison, WI, USA). For double immunofluorescence, sections were incubated overnight at 4°C with a cocktail of the primary antibodies and then with the correspondent secondary antibodies: donkey anti-rat IgG (H+L) labeled with Alexa Fluor® 488 (1:1000; cat. no. A21208, Molecular Probes, Invitrogen, Paisley, UK), donkey anti-mouse IgG (H+L) labeled with Alexa Fluor® 594 (1:1000; cat. no. A21203, Molecular Probes), and donkey anti-rabbit IgG labeled with Cy3 bis-NHS ester (1:300; cat. no. 711-166-152, Jackson ImmunoResearch).
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5

Immunostaining of Oligodendrocyte Lineage Cells

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Cells were fixed in 4% paraformaldehyde, rinsed and then permeabilized in phosphate buffered saline (PBS) containing 5% normal goat serum (NGS) and 0.4% Triton-X100 for 1 h at room temperature (RT). For BrdU immunostaining, cells were preincubated in 2N HCl at RT for 20 min, followed by neutralization with 0.1 M sodium borate buffer (pH 8.5) prior to immunolabeling. Cells were then incubated overnight at 4 °C in PBS containing 3% NGS, 0.1% Triton X-100 and primary antibody as follows; guinea pig anti-NG2 (1:300); rabbit anti-platelet derived growth factor α receptor (PDGFαR) (1:600, both courtesy of Dr. Bill Stallcup); rabbit anti-Olig2 (1:1000, Millipore); mouse anti-MBP (smi99, 1:1000, Covance); rat anti-BrdU (1:100, Accurate); mouse anti-CNP (1:750, Millipore) and chicken anti-GFP (1:1000, AbCam). The next day, cells were rinsed and incubated for 1 h at RT with species-specific secondary antibodies directly conjugated to Alexa fluorophores (1:1000, Life Technologies). Coverslips were mounted in ProLong® Gold anti-fade reagent with 4',6-diamidino-2-phenylindole (DAPI) and visualized on a Zeiss Axio Observer Z1 epifluorescence microscope. Images were captured and processed using AxioVision 4.8 software. Cell counts were made at 200× from three fields of view per condition in three separate experiments.
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6

Immunofluorescent Analysis of Neurogenesis in Coronal Brain Sections

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Coronal sections (thickness 60 μm) were prepared from the fixed brain tissues of the offspring using a vibratome (VT 1000S, Leica, Germany). Immunofluorescence analysis was carried out as described previously (Zhu et al., 2020 (link)). For immunofluorescent detection of BrdU, brain sections were denatured for 30 minutes in 2 M HCl at 37°C, rinsed 3 times (8 minutes per wash) in 0.1 M PB, followed by a 30-minute wash in 0.1 M borate buffer (pH 8.5), and then rinsed with 0.1 M PB before incubation with the primary detection antibodies.
The following primary detection antibodies were used in this study: rat anti-BrdU (1:500, Millipore, Temecula, CA); rabbit anti-Prox1 (1:500, Abcam, Cambridge, UK); rabbit anti-Tbr2 (1:500, Invitrogen); rabbit anti-BLBP (1:500, Millipore); mouse anti-NeuN (1:500, Millipore); rabbit anti-Reelin (1:500, Invitrogen); rabbit anti-parvalbumin (PV; 1:500, Invitrogen); rabbit anti-GAD (1:500, Invitrogen); and rabbit anti-Iba1 (1:500, Abcam). The secondary detection antibodies were as follows: Alexa Fluor 488 goat anti-mouse IgG (1:500, Abcam); Alexa Fluor 488 donkey anti-rabbit IgG (1:500, Invitrogen); Alexa Fluor 568 donkey anti-rabbit IgG (1:500, Cell Signaling Technology, Boston, MA); Alexa Fluor 647 goat anti-rat IgG (1:500, Chemicon, Nürnberg, Germany); and Alexa Fluor 647 donkey anti-rabbit IgG (1:500, Invitrogen).
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