Mnova ms 12

The VOCs emitted from CRDF samples were identified using three independent analytical methods: retention indices (RI), GC–MS retention times of authentic chemical standards, mass spectra of compounds [34 ] and comparison with authentic standards, if possible.
The retention index standards used in this study consisted of a mixture of aliphatic hydrocarbons ranging from C-7 through C-40 dissolved in hexane [34 ].
The use of internal standard enabled quantitative analysis of VOCs. It was carried out using the Mnova MS 12.0.1 software (Mestrelab Research, S.L., Santiago de Compostela, Spain) based on the retention time of individual compounds, through the integration of the peak area of the chromatogram. The percentage ratio of individual VOC was determined. VOC emissions (on per mass of CRDF basis) were estimated based on the recovered internal standard. All raw data were shown as Supplementary Materials.

Volatile compounds separated from the beer were identified by comparing retention indexes (RI) with Kovats standards (KI exp. and KI lit.) and with NIST11 chemical standard libraries and by mass spectral analysis. Two standard matrices were also created (for the control sample chromatogram, i.e., beer without addition and hawthorn fruit). Chromatograms of the remaining samples (i.e., beer with addition of fruit and beer with addition of fruit juice) were integrated using retention time of compounds in those two standard matrices, using Mnova MS 12.0.1 software (Mestrelab Research, Santiago de Compostela, Spain). Data concerning content of volatile compounds in hawthorn juice and hawthorn fruit is available in Supplementary Materials (Table S1).
The results in this work were statistically analysed in the Statistica 12.5 program from Statsoft (Tulsa, OK, USA) using one-way ANOVA (α = 0.05). Differences between means were calculated using Duncan’s test (α < 0.05).