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Pageblue protein staining solution

Manufactured by Thermo Fisher Scientific
Sourced in United States, Lithuania, Germany

PageBlue Protein Staining Solution is a ready-to-use liquid stain for the detection of proteins in polyacrylamide gels. It is a simple and effective solution for visualizing protein bands after electrophoresis.

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131 protocols using pageblue protein staining solution

1

Purification and Characterization of Est6

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The total cell soluble proteins produced by E. coli BL21 Star (DE3)/pPAL7-Est6 and purified Est6 dialyzed and concentrated either in 50 mM sodium phosphate buffer (pH 7.0) or 50 mM Tris-HCl buffer (pH 8.0) were analyzed by electrophoresis using 4–12% sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel (SDS-PAGE, NuPAGE Novex Bis-Tris precast gel, Invitrogen, Carlsbad, CA, USA) and the MOPS running buffer (NuPAGE MOPS SDS running buffer, Invitrogen, Carlsbad, CA, USA). The protein fractions were visualized with the PageBlue protein staining solution (Fermentas, Vilnius, Lithuania).
Zymographic analysis of the purified Est6 was performed by native PAGE (NativePAGE Novex 3–12% Bis-Tris Gels; NativePAGE Running Buffer, Invitrogen, Carlsbad, CA, USA). After electrophoresis, the gel was laid on an agarose gel prepared with agarose (1.5%) and tributyrin emulsion (1% tributyrin and 0.1% Tween 80) in a 50 mM Tris-HCl buffer (pH 8.0) and was incubated at 4 °C overnight, and the clear bands appeared. The other corresponding gel was visualized with a PageBlue protein staining solution (Fermentas, Vilnius, Lithuania).
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2

SDS-PAGE and BN-PAGE Protein Separation

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For SDS-PAGE gel electrophoresis, 15 μl sample was mixed with 5 μl SDS protein gel loading solution (2x) (Quality Biological, MD, USA) and loaded onto a NuPAGE™ 4–12% Bis-Tris gel with 1.5 mm × 10 or 1.5 mm × 15 wells (Novex, ThermoFisher Scientific, NY, USA). The PageRuler™ Plus prestained protein ladder (ThermoFisher Scientific, NY, USA) was used as a molecular marker. The running buffer was NuPAGE MES SDS buffer (20x) (Novex, ThermoFisher Scientific, NY, USA). Gel electrophoresis was performed according to the manufacturer’s instructions. Gels were stained for 1h or overnight with PageBlue™ protein staining solution (ThermoFisher Scientific, NY, USA) and destained for several hours with deionized water.
Assembly and disassembly of GroEL was monitored using blue native PAGE (BN-PAGE; Native PAGE™ 3–12% Bis-Tris gel) with 1 mm × 15 wells. 7.5 μl sample was mixed with 2.5 μl loading solution (NativePAGE 4x sample buffer). The gel, cathode buffer (20x), running buffer (20x), and loading solution were obtained from Novex, ThermoFisher Scientific (NY, USA). Gel electrophoresis was performed in the cold room following the manufacturer’s instructions, followed by staining for 1h or overnight with PageBlue™ protein staining solution (ThermoFisher Scientific, NY, USA) and destaining for several hours with deionized water.
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3

Affinity Purification and Proteolytic Cleavage of Tagged Proteins

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Wild-type His6-MBP-EYHAGA↓GVVETP-mEYFP substrates attached to Ni-NTA magnetic agarose beads (SAMBs) were suspended in elution buffer (50 mM NaH2PO4, 300 mM NaCl, 500 mM imidazole, 0.05% Tween 20, pH 8.0) or cleavage buffer (50 mM NaH2PO4, 300 mM NaCl, 0.05% Tween 20, pH 7.5). SAMBs in cleavage buffer were digested by TEV PR (at 7.1 µM final concentration) and VEEV nsP2pro-2 (at 5.2 µM final concentration) on 30 °C overnight. TEV (S219V) PR stock solution was purified according to Kapust et al. [28 (link)].
For native PAGE analysis, samples were prepared from 10 µL of each reaction with 2× loading buffer (62.5 mM Tris-HCI, pH 6.8, 25% glycerol, 0.01% bromophenol Blue). After electrophoresis, the gels were illuminated by using Dark Reader Blue Transilluminator (Labgene Scientific, Châtel-Saint-Denis, Switzerland), and subsequently proteins were detected by PageBlue Protein Staining Solution (Thermo Fisher Scientific, Waltham, MA, USA).
For reducing SDS-PAGE, samples were supplemented with 6x loading buffer (300 mM Tris, pH 6.8, 20% glycerol, 0.05% bromophenol blue, 12% SDS, 100 mM β-mercaptoethanol), denatured at 95 °C for 10 min, followed by electrophoresis. Proteins were detected in the gels by PageBlue Protein Staining Solution (Thermo Fisher Scientific, Waltham, MA, USA).
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4

In vitro Oxidation and Repair of SurA

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SurA-Strep was oxidized in vitro by incubating the purified protein (200 μM) for 3 h at 30°C with 100 mM H2O2 in a buffer containing 50 mM NaPi, pH 8.0, 150 mM NaCl. H2O2 was then removed by gel filtration using a NAP-5 column (GE healthcare) equilibrated with 50 mM NaPi, pH 8.0, 150 mM NaCl. For the in vitro repair of oxidized SurA (SurA ox), the oxidized protein (30 μM) was incubated with purified MsrP-His6 (30 μM), 10 mM benzyl viologen and 10 mM of sodium dithionite at 37°C for 1 h. Following repair, SurA was purified by passing the sample through a gravity flow column containing 200 μl Strep-Tactin Sepharose beads (from a 50% suspension, IBA GmbH), previously equilibrated with buffer A (Tris-HCl 100 mM, pH 8.0, NaCl 150 mM, EDTA 1 mM). After washing with buffer A, repaired SurA was eluted using buffer A containing 2.5 mM desthiobiotin. The elution fractions were pooled and submitted to buffer exchange using a NAP-5 column (GE healthcare) equilibrated with 50 mM NaPi, pH 8.0, 150 mM NaCl. To check for the correct oxidation, repair, and purification of SurA, samples were loaded on a SDS-PAGE gel and the proteins visualized with the PageBlue Protein Staining Solution (Fermentas).
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5

Sodium Channel Protein Analysis

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Samples were denatured by boiling in SDS-PAGE buffer and resolved using 4–20% gradient polyacrylamide gels and followed by either Coomassie brilliant blue G-250 staining with PageBlue protein staining solution (Fermentas) or electrophoretically transferred to Hybond P membrane (Amersham Pharmacia) for Western blot. Membranes were probed with rabbit polyclonal anti-NaV antibody conjugated to HRP diluted 1 : 5000. The membranes were developed by chemiluminescence using the ECL plus detection reagent (Amersham Pharmacia).
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6

SDS-PAGE and Proteomic Analysis

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SDS-PAGE was performed with 4%–20% precast gels in Tris-based buffer system from SERVA Electrophoresis (#43289.01) according to the manufacturer’s instructions. PageBlue Protein Staining Solution (Fermentas, #R0571) was used for coomassie-staining the gels, images were taken with iPhone 6s (Apple) and the contrast was adjusted using ImageJ (version 1.52d). Global identification and quantification of MSU- and zymosan-binding proteins in the presence of different donor sera was done as previously described (25 (link)). In brief, eluted proteins were reduced with DTT, alkylated with acrylamide, and separated using SDS-PAGE (4%–20%, Sigma-Aldrich). Whole lanes were cut into three individual slices and proteins therein were in-gel digested with trypsin. Generated peptides were analyzed using an LC-MS system consisting of an Orbitrap Velos mass spectrometer coupled to an Ultimate 3000 RSLC nanoflow system (Thermo Fisher Scientific). Raw data were analyzed with the Andromeda search engine implemented in MaxQuant software (version 1.5.3.30; www.maxquant.org). Proteins were identified based on a false discovery rate (FDR) of less than 0.01 on protein and peptide level.
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7

In vitro Oxidation and Repair of SurA

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SurA-Strep was oxidized in vitro by incubating the purified protein (200 μM) for 3 h at 30°C with 100 mM H2O2 in a buffer containing 50 mM NaPi, pH 8.0, 150 mM NaCl. H2O2 was then removed by gel filtration using a NAP-5 column (GE healthcare) equilibrated with 50 mM NaPi, pH 8.0, 150 mM NaCl. For the in vitro repair of oxidized SurA (SurA ox), the oxidized protein (30 μM) was incubated with purified MsrP-His6 (30 μM), 10 mM benzyl viologen and 10 mM of sodium dithionite at 37°C for 1 h. Following repair, SurA was purified by passing the sample through a gravity flow column containing 200 μl Strep-Tactin Sepharose beads (from a 50% suspension, IBA GmbH), previously equilibrated with buffer A (Tris-HCl 100 mM, pH 8.0, NaCl 150 mM, EDTA 1 mM). After washing with buffer A, repaired SurA was eluted using buffer A containing 2.5 mM desthiobiotin. The elution fractions were pooled and submitted to buffer exchange using a NAP-5 column (GE healthcare) equilibrated with 50 mM NaPi, pH 8.0, 150 mM NaCl. To check for the correct oxidation, repair, and purification of SurA, samples were loaded on a SDS-PAGE gel and the proteins visualized with the PageBlue Protein Staining Solution (Fermentas).
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8

Purification of Human HINT1 and HINT2

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Human HINT1 protein was expressed in bacteria E. coli BL21* using the pSGA02-hHINT1 plasmid and purified by AMP -agarose (matrix spacer 8 over the C-8 atom of 5′-AMP, SIGMA, Oakville, ON, USA) affinity chromatography as previously described for rabbit Hint1 [15 (link)]. Human HINT2 was expressed in E.coli using the pGAT2-HINT2 vector and purified in two steps as described [21 (link)]. Briefly, the His6-GST-tagged HINT2 obtained in the first step was purified by Ni- IDA agarose chromatography (Qiagen, Germantown, MD, USA), and then after cleavage by thrombin (to remove the His6-GST-tag) by AMP-agarose chromatography. Lysis and purification of both proteins was performed with the addition of protease inhibitor cocktail (Roche Diagnostics, Mannheim, Germany). Finally, the homogeneous enzyme preparations were concentrated and stored at −80 °C. The purity of the proteins was evaluated by SDS-PAGE analysis and subsequent staining with the PAGE Blue Protein Staining Solution (Fermentas, Lithuania).
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9

Protein Extraction and Fractionation

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Cell extracts were prepared by heating cells resuspended in sample buffer at 100°C for 10 min. The cells were fractionated on a 4%–15% gel (BioRad) and the gels were stained using PageBlue protein staining solution (Fermentas).
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10

E. coli Outer Membrane Protein Fractionation

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E. coli proteins were separated into soluble, inner membrane and OM fractions as previously reported [19 (link)]. The resulting outer membrane protein samples were separated using SDS-PAGE on 10 % Bis-Tris gels (NuPage, Invitrogen). The gels were then stained using PageBlue protein staining solution (Fermentas) according to the manufacturer’s protocol.
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