A Bruker 4.7 T scanner was used for ultra-high resolution DTI data acquisition. Before ex vivo DTI, the macaque brains were placed in 10% phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) for at least 120 hours to allow the exchange of fixation solution and PBS. The macaque brains were then transferred into a custom-made MRI-compatible container and bathed with fomblin (Fomblin Profludropolyether; Ausimont, Thorofare, NJ). A 3D multiple spin echo diffusion tensor sequence with eight echoes was used for DTI imaging. From the eight echoes, eight individual 3D volume images were obtained, which were averaged to enhance the SNR (Zhang et al., 2003 (link); Huang et al., 2008 (link)). A set of diffusion-weighted images (DWI) were acquired in 8 linearly independent directions with b value 1000s/mm2. DWI parameters were: TE=32.5ms, TR=0.7s, FOV=78mm/56mm/58mm, imaging matrix=200×108×108 for a nominal resolution of 0.39×0.52×0.54mm3 (this was zero filled to data matrix 256×128×128 yielding 0.30×0.44×0.45mm3 interpolated resolution). Two repetitions were performed to increase SNR, with a total imaging time of 45 hours for acquiring DTI data of one postmortem brain.
4.7tscanner
Manufactured by Bruker
Sourced in Germany
The 4.7T scanner is a high-field magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) system designed for research applications. It features a 4.7 Tesla superconducting magnet, providing a strong and stable magnetic field for advanced imaging techniques. The system is capable of performing various MRI experiments, including structural, functional, and spectroscopic studies. However, a detailed and unbiased description of its core function and capabilities without extrapolation on intended use is not available.
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4 protocols using 4.7tscanner
1
Ultra-High Resolution DTI of Macaque Brains
2
Phantom Imaging for MRI Quantification
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An additional phantom imaging study was performed using
Iohexol72 (link)-75 (link), which contains two exchangeable amide
protons at a chemical shift similar to the in-vivo one (4.3 ppm). Two
amide-based phantoms were created at Iohexol concentrations of 20-80 mM,
titrated to pH levels of 6.72-7.21. The phantoms were imaged using a 4.7T
scanner (Bruker Biospin, Germany) at room temperature. The resulting accuracy of
the AI-based parameter maps was evaluated based on the known Iohexol
concentrations and measurement of the exchange rates using the steady-state
quantification of exchange using saturation power (QUESP) method71 (link). Additional details are
available inSupplementary
Table 4 and Supplementary Fig. 13 .
Iohexol72 (link)-75 (link), which contains two exchangeable amide
protons at a chemical shift similar to the in-vivo one (4.3 ppm). Two
amide-based phantoms were created at Iohexol concentrations of 20-80 mM,
titrated to pH levels of 6.72-7.21. The phantoms were imaged using a 4.7T
scanner (Bruker Biospin, Germany) at room temperature. The resulting accuracy of
the AI-based parameter maps was evaluated based on the known Iohexol
concentrations and measurement of the exchange rates using the steady-state
quantification of exchange using saturation power (QUESP) method71 (link). Additional details are
available in
Table 4
3
Gadolinium-Labeled Theranostic Nanoparticles
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1,1-Carbonyldiimidazole (CDI), branched polyethylenimine (PEI, Mw = 800 Da), and folic acid were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich. GdCl3·6H2O was purchased from Tokyo Chemical Industry. N3-PEG2000-NH2 was obtained from Xiamen Sinopeg Biotech CO., Ltd. Cyclodextrin underwent recrystallization three times in water, and was stored in a vacuum drying oven at 60 °C before use. DBCO-PEG2000-NH2 was purchased from Xi'an Confluore Biological Technology Co., Ltd. Ad-PEG2000-PLL(DTPA-Gd)-N3 and DBCO-PEG2000-FA were synthesized in our lab.30 All the other reagents were obtained from the domestic suppliers.
1H NMR spectra were obtained using a Varian NMR spectrometer at 400 MHz. Gel permeation chromatography (GPC) measurements were carried out using an Agilent PL-GPC50/Agilent 1260, 0.15 M NaNO3 water solution was used as an eluent with a flow rate of 1 mL min−1. The Gd concentrations of the samples were detected via an inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometer (ICP-OES, Agilent 720ES). The in vitro T1-weighted data were obtained via a 0.5T NMR-analyzer, while the in vivo T1-weighted MR images were acquired on a 4.7T scanner (Bruker).
1H NMR spectra were obtained using a Varian NMR spectrometer at 400 MHz. Gel permeation chromatography (GPC) measurements were carried out using an Agilent PL-GPC50/Agilent 1260, 0.15 M NaNO3 water solution was used as an eluent with a flow rate of 1 mL min−1. The Gd concentrations of the samples were detected via an inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometer (ICP-OES, Agilent 720ES). The in vitro T1-weighted data were obtained via a 0.5T NMR-analyzer, while the in vivo T1-weighted MR images were acquired on a 4.7T scanner (Bruker).
4
Phantom Imaging for MRI Quantification
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