Cd105

Lipopolysaccharides (LPS) (Escherichia coli O111: B4) were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (United States). An adipogenic differentiation medium of human mesenchymal stem cells was obtained from Procell Life Science &Technology Co., Ltd., (Wuhan, China). Antibodies for flow cytometry—CD73, CD90, CD105, and CD45—were purchased from Elabscience (Wuhan, China). Antibodies for Western blot were procured from suppliers as follows: CD9, CD81, and GAPDH were acquired from Elabscience (Wuhan, China); ALIX and HSP70 were obtained from Abcam (Cambridge, United Kingdom); Wnt5a, p65, and phosphorylated-p65 were bought from Cell Signaling Technology (United States); anti-rabbit HRP-conjugated antibody was from Absin (China); PKH67 was from Fluorescence (China); and 4′,6-diamidino-2-phenylindole (DAPI) were from Solarbio (Beijing, China). Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kits for TNF-α and IL-1β were obtained from Absin (China). Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kits for IL-10 were obtained from Elabscience (China).

HPDLSCs positive markers (CD105, CD73, and CD90) and negative markers (CD34, and CD45) were identified using flow cytometry. HPDLSCs (P4) were digested and centrifuged, then the cell density was adjusted to 1 × 10⁴ cells/mL. 100 μL cell suspension was added into centrifuge tubes, then mouse anti-human antibodies CD34 (E-AB-F1143C), CD45 (E-AB-F1137C), CD105 (E-AB-F1143D), CD73 (E-AB-F1242D), and CD90 (E-AB-F1167D) (Elabscience, Wuhan, China) (1:50) were added, respectively, PBS was added as the control group, and all cells were incubated at room temperature for 20 min in the dark. The supernatant was discarded by centrifugation, and 500 μL PBS was added to resuspend the cells after washing twice. Then flow cytometry was used to detect the expression levels of different antibodies (DxFLEX, Beckman Coulter, Suzhou, China).