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Tetanus toxoid

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Tetanus-toxoid is a laboratory product used in the production of vaccines against tetanus. It serves as a key component in the formulation of tetanus vaccines, which are designed to stimulate the immune system and provide protection against the tetanus disease.

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Lab products found in correlation

Cd28 antibody, by BD (1 mentions) Rbc lysis buffer, by BioLegend (1 mentions) Brefeldin a, by Merck Group (1 mentions) Pentavac, by Sanofi (1 mentions) Cd8 v500, by BD (1 mentions) Il 17 apc, by BD (1 mentions) Cd14 apc alexa750, by Thermo Fisher Scientific (1 mentions) Ki67 fitc, by BD (1 mentions) Tnf α apc, by BD (1 mentions) T bet pecy7, by Thermo Fisher Scientific (1 mentions) Cd3 bv650, by BioLegend (1 mentions) Rorγt pe, by Thermo Fisher Scientific (1 mentions) Il 2 bv605, by BD (1 mentions) Ifn γ alexa700, by BD (1 mentions) Cd4 ecd, by Beckman Coulter (1 mentions)

4 protocols using tetanus toxoid

1

CD28 Antibody-Stimulated T Cell Activation

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1 ml of heparinized blood was incubated with 1 µl CD28 antibody (BD Biosciences, Clone CD28.2 RUO) and 50 µl tetanus/diphtheria vaccine (2 I.U. tetanus-toxoid and 0.2 I.U. diphtheria-toxoid; Sanofi Pasteur) 37 °C and 5% CO2. After 2 h of incubation Brefeldin-A (Sigma Aldrich) was added to a final concentration of 2 µg/ml. After a total of 6 h of incubation, the blood was lysed using RBC Lysis Buffer (BioLegend) for 10 min and pelleted at 280 g for 10 min at room temperature. The samples were washed twice with PBS/BSA and prepared for analysis by flow cytometry.
Meyer F., Seibert F.S., Nienen M., Welzel M., Beisser D., Bauer F., Rohn B., Westhoff T.H., Stervbo U, & Babel N. (2020). Propionate supplementation promotes the expansion of peripheral regulatory T-Cells in patients with end-stage renal disease. Journal of Nephrology, 33(4), 817-827.
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2

Post-HSCT Vaccination Response

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Human blood was collected from three adult patients six months after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation before re-vaccinations (first serum) and one year after three vaccinations with Pentavac® (DTaP-Hib containing 30 IU of diphtheria toxoid and 40 IU of tetanus toxoid, SanofiPasteur) (second serum). First booster and second booster vaccinations were given 4 weeks after the primary or first booster vaccinations, respectively. All methods were performed in accordance with the relevant guidelines and were approved by the University Hospital Ethics Committee "Ethik-Kommission der Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg" (Krankenhausstraße 12, 91054 Erlangen, Germany; https://www.ethikkommission.fau.de) under registration number 147_12B. All patients enrolled gave written informed consent before participation.
Möller J., Kraner M., Sonnewald U., Sangal V., Tittlbach H., Winkler J., Winkler T.H., Melnikov V., Lang R., Sing A., Mattos-Guaraldi A.L, & Burkovski A. (2019). Proteomics of diphtheria toxoid vaccines reveals multiple proteins that are immunogenic and may contribute to protection of humans against Corynebacterium diphtheriae. Vaccine, 37(23).
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3

Cytokine Profiling of Antigen-Specific T Cells

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Heparinized whole blood was cultured in 100 µL aliquots in 96 well U-bottom plates with tetanus toxoid (TT) (10 µg/mL, Sanofi Pasteur, France); a measles peptide pool of 122 15mer peptides overlapping by 10 amino acids spanning the measles protein hemagglutinin (all 1 µg/mL final concentration, Sigma-Genosys, UK); anti-CD3 (αCD3) (5 µg/mL, BD) plus anti-CD28 (αCD28) (5 µg/mL, E-biosciences) as a positive control T cell stimulus; and medium alone as a background negative control. Antigen pulsed plates were incubated for 16 h at 37°C, 5% CO2, centrifuged and 50 µL of supernatant collected and stored at −20°C for cytokine analysis.
Ndure J., Noho-Konteh F., Adetifa J.U., Cox M., Barker F., Le M.T., Sanyang L.C., Drammeh A., Whittle H.C., Clarke E., Plebanski M., Rowland-Jones S.L, & Flanagan K.L. (2017). Negative Correlation between Circulating CD4+FOXP3+CD127− Regulatory T Cells and Subsequent Antibody Responses to Infant Measles Vaccine but Not Diphtheria–Tetanus–Pertussis Vaccine Implies a Regulatory Role. Frontiers in Immunology, 8, 921.
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4

Flow Cytometry Immune Profiling

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For the 5-day proliferation assay tuberculin purified protein derivative (PPD, Staten Serum Institute) was used at 5 μg/ml; Tetanus toxoid (TT, Sanofi Pasteur) at 1 IU/ml and Staphylococcal Enterotoxin B (SEB) at 0.2 μg/ml. Mtb peptide pool consisting of 15mers peptides overlapping by 10aa, spanning the entire ESAT-6 and CFP-10 proteins (Peptide Synthetics) was used at 2 μg/ml. The following conjugated monoclonal antibodies were used: CD14-APC-Alexa750 (Invitrogen), CD19-APC-Alexa750 (Invitrogen), CD3-BV650 (Biolegend), CD4-ECD (Beckman Coulter), CD8-V500 (BD), T-bet-PE-cy7 (e-Bioscience), RORγt-PE (e-Bioscience), Gata3-PerCPeFluor710 (e-Bioscience), Foxp3-PacBlue (Biolegend), Ki67-FITC (BD), IFN-γ-Alexa700 (BD), IL-2-BV605 (BD), TNF-α-APC (BD), IL-17-APC (BD). The Near Infra-Red amine reactive dye (Molecular Probes) was used as a marker of cell viability.
Riou C., Strickland N., Soares A.P., Corleis B., Kwon D., Wherry E.J., Wilkinson R.J, & Burgers W.A. (2016). HIV skews the lineage-defining transcriptional profile of Mycobacterium tuberculosis-specific CD4+ T cells. Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950), 196(7), 3006-3018.
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