Sodium hydrogencitrate sesquihydrate

Manufactured by Merck Group

Sourced in Argentina, Germany

Sodium hydrogencitrate sesquihydrate is a chemical compound used as a laboratory reagent. It is a white crystalline solid that is soluble in water. The compound is commonly used in various analytical and research applications in chemistry and pharmaceutical laboratories.

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8 protocols using sodium hydrogencitrate sesquihydrate

Preparation of Inorganic Compound Solutions

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Calcium hydrogenphosphate dihydrate, sodium hydrogencitrate sesquihydrate and nitric acid were from Sigma Aldrich (Steinheim, Germany). Calcium chloride dihydrate was from Merck (Darmstadt, Germany). All aqueous solutions were made from purified water from Milli-Q Plus (Millipore Corporation, Bedford, MA).

Vavrusova M., Danielsen B.P., Garcia A.C, & Skibsted L.H. (2017). Codissolution of calcium hydrogenphosphate and sodium hydrogencitrate in water. Spontaneous supersaturation of calcium citrate increasing calcium bioavailability. Journal of Food and Drug Analysis, 26(1), 330-336.

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Quantification of Neonicotinoid Pesticides

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Certified clothianidin and thiamethoxam standards and their respective deuterium-labeled internal standard (clothianidin-d3 and thiamethoxam-d3) were obtained from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MO, USA; Pestanal class, purity ≥99.5%). LCMS grade methanol was obtained from JT Baker (Phillipsburg, NJ, USA). LCMS grade water and acetonitrile were obtained from OmniSolv (Billerica, MA, USA). Anhydrous magnesium sulfate and sodium chloride, sodium citrate tribasic dehydrate and sodium hydrogencitrate sesquihydrate were obtained from Sigma-Aldrich. N-hexane and formic acid were purchased from Acros Organics (Geel, Belgium, part of Thermo Fisher Scientific Inc.). Stock solutions were prepared by dissolving clothianidin and thiamethoxam standards to 1mg/mL and their respective deuterated internal standard to 100 ug/ml in acetonitrile in amber glass flasks. Mixed working standard solutions were prepared for these two neonicotinoids at 10 ng/ml and 100 ng/ml and their respective internal standard at 100 ng/ml in 1:1 methanol/water with 5mM formic acid. All solutions were stored in darkness at 2°C.

Schaafsma A., Limay-Rios V., Baute T., Smith J, & Xue Y. (2015). Neonicotinoid Insecticide Residues in Surface Water and Soil Associated with Commercial Maize (Corn) Fields in Southwestern Ontario. PLoS ONE, 10(2), e0118139.

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Pesticide Residues Analysis Protocol

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All pesticides standards were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (Seelze, Germany). The working standard solutions for pesticide residues analysis (50 mg/L) were prepared in acetonitrile (ACN) of high purity grade, provided by Merck (Darmstadt, Germany), and stored under freezing condition (-18°C ± 1°C) in dark bottles sealed with PTFE/silicone caps.
Anhydrous Na 2 SO 4 and NaCl were obtained from Biopack (Buenos Aires, Argentina); sodium hydrogencitrate sesquihydrate and sodium citrate dihydrate were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (Seelze, Germany). Primary Secondary Amine (PSA) and C18 were obtained from Agilent Technologies (Santa Clara, United States).

Medina M.B., Resnik S.L, & Munitz M.S. (2021). Optimization of a rice cooking method using response surface methodology with desirability function approach to minimize pesticide concentration. Food chemistry, 352.

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Pesticides Analysis in Samples

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The pesticides standards of deltamethrin, penconazole, kresoxim-methyl, cyproxonazole, epoxiconazole and azoxystrobin were supplied by Sigma-Aldrich (Seelze, Germany). The stock solutions (1000 mg/L) were prepared by dissolving the standards in methanol HPLC grade (99.9%) purchased by Sintorgan (Buenos Aires, Argentina), and stored under freezing condition (-18°C ± 1°C) in dark bottles sealed with PTFE/silicone caps. The working standard solutions (50 mg/L) were prepared in acetonitrile (ACN) of high purity grade for residue analysis, provided by Merck (Darmstadt, Germany).
Deionized water obtained from an E-pure water purification system (Barnstead/Thermolyne, Bedford, MA, United States) was used for sample swelling in the extraction step.
For extraction and partitioning, sodium chloride and anhydrous sodium sulfate were purchased from Biopack (Buenos Aires, Argentina); sodium hydrogencitrate sesquihydrate and sodium citrate dihydrate were obtained from Sigma-Aldrich (Seelze, Germany). For clean-up using d-SPE, C18 and PSA bulk powder were obtained from Agilent Technologies (Santa Clara, United States).

Medina M.B., Munitz M.S, & Resnik S.L. (2021). Fate and health risks assessment of some pesticides residues during industrial rice processing in Argentina. Journal of food composition and analysis : an official publication of the United Nations University, International Network of Food Data Systems, 98.

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Multi-Neonicotinoid Analytical Standards

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Analytical standards (99.6 to 99.9% purity) of five neonicotinoids (acetamiprid, clothianidin, imidacloprid, thiacloprid and thiamethoxam) were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (Germany). Isotopically labelled neonicotinoids were purchased from CDN Isotopes (Canada) to be used as internal standards. Chromatography grade solvents (acetonitrile, ethyl-acetate, methanol) were purchased from Fisher Scientific (UK). Magnesium sulphate, sodium chloride, trisodium citrate and sodium hydrogen citrate sesquihydrate were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich. Isolute PSA and ZeoPrep 90 C18 bulk phases were purchased at Biotage (Sweden) and ZeoChem (Switzerland), respectively. Ultrapure water was obtained from a Milli-Q system (Millipore, France) and solvents (acetonitrile) and additives (formic acid, ammonium formate) for LC-MS were obtained from VWR (Austria).

Bonmatin J.M., Mitchell E.A.D., Glauser G., Lumawig-Heitzman E., Claveria F., Bijleveld van Lexmond M., Taira K, & Sánchez-Bayo F. (2021). Residues of neonicotinoids in soil, water and people's hair: A case study from three agricultural regions of the Philippines. The Science of the total environment, 757.

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Pesticides Analysis in Samples

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Medina M.B., Munitz M.S., & Resnik S.L. (2021). Fate and health risks assessment of some pesticides residues during industrial rice processing in Argentina. Journal of Food Composition and Analysis, 98, 103823-103823.

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Extraction and Quantification of Ergot Alkaloids

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Acetonitrile of HPLC gradient grade was purchased from J.T. Baker (the Netherlands). 25% aqueous ammonia, magnesium sulphate and sodium citrate were purchased from POCh (Poland). Sodium hydrogen citrate sesquihydrate, sodium chloride, ammonium carbonate, dispersive SPE sorbent PSA (primary secondary amine) and activated carbon were from Sigma Aldrich (Germany). Dichloromethane was from Merck (Germany), pure water was from a Milli-Q water purification system.
Crystalline standards of the ergot alkaloids: ergotamine, ergometrine, ergocornine, ergocristine, ergocryptine were purchased from Alfarma (Prague, Czech Republic).

Kowalczyk E., Patyra E., Grelik A, & Kwiatek K. (2016). Development and Validation of an Analytical Method for Determination of Ergot Alkaloids in Animal Feedingstuffs with High Performance Liquid Chromatography-fluorescence Detection. Polish journal of veterinary sciences, 19(3).

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Quantitative Analysis of Neonicotinoids

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Analytical standards (99.6 -99.9 % purity) of five neonicotinoids (acetamiprid, clothianidin, imidacloprid, thiacloprid and thiamethoxam) were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (Germany). Isotopi-
4 cally labelled neonicotinoids were purchased from CDN Isotopes (Canada) to be used as internal standards. Chromatography grade solvents (acetonitrile, ethyl-acetate, methanol) were purchased from Fisher Scientific (UK). Magnesium sulfate, sodium chloride, trisodium citrate and sodium hydrogencitrate sesquihydrate were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich. Isolute PSA and ZeoPrep 90 C18 bulk phases were purchased at Biotage (Sweden) and ZeoChem (Switzerland), respectively. Ultrapure water was obtained from a Milli-Q system (Millipore, France) and solvents (acetonitrile) and additives (formic acid, ammonium formate) for LC-MS were obtained from Biosolve (The Netherlands).

Bonmatin J.M., Noome D.A., Moreno H., Mitchell E.A.D., Glauser G., Soumana O.S., Bijleveld van Lexmond M, & Sánchez-Bayo F. (2019). A survey and risk assessment of neonicotinoids in water, soil and sediments of Belize. Environmental pollution (Barking, Essex : 1987), 249.

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