Concentrations of lead (Pb), cadmium (Cd) and manganese (Mn) in pooled oyster meat and estuarine water samples were analyzed following the guidelines of the Association of Analytical Communities [24 ]. Briefly, 5 g samples of blended pooled oyster meat were weighed out, and then dried over an oven. The sample was added to HNO3 concentrate (Merck, Washington, DC, USA). The mixture solution was dried over a hot plate to receive one ml of residue. For each estuarine water sample, a total of 200 mL of water was thoroughly mixed and filtered, passing through 11 µm filter paper (Whatman, Maidstone, UK). The filtered solution was added to 30 mL of HNO3 and set overnight at room temperature. The mixture solution was then dried, and adjusted to the final solution by adding distilled water to receive 25 mL. The final solution of all samples was then filtered, passing through 0.45 µm filter paper (Whatman) and kept in the refrigerator for further analysis. The concentrations of Pb, Cd, and Mn were quantified using the Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry (AAS: Varian model AA280FS, Agilent, USA) in the Science and Technology Research Equipment Centre (STRE) at Chulalongkorn University.
Aa280fs
Manufactured by Agilent Technologies
Sourced in United States, Australia
The AA280FS is an atomic absorption spectrometer manufactured by Agilent Technologies. It is a versatile and reliable instrument used for the detection and analysis of trace elements in various sample types. The AA280FS employs the atomic absorption technique to quantify the concentration of target elements in a sample.
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Lab products found in correlation
Ics 1100, by Thermo Fisher Scientific (2 mentions)
Dr 3800 colorimeter, by HACH (2 mentions)
2300 analyzer unit, by Foss (2 mentions)
Tecator digestor auto, by Foss (1 mentions)
Aa280z, by Agilent Technologies (1 mentions)
Gta 120, by Agilent Technologies (1 mentions)
Mars microwave oven, by CEM Corporation (1 mentions)
12 protocols using aa280fs
1
Heavy Metal Analysis in Oysters
2
Quantifying Copper Binding in Proteins
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The amount of copper bound to the recombinant proteins was quantified by atomic absorption spectroscopy (AAS) using an Agilent Varian AA280FS atomic absorption spectrophotometer. The reference solution was a certified atomic absorption standard (Fischer Scientific Co.) prepared at 1.0 ± 0.01 mg/ml in dilute nitric acid. Samples were prepared as described for the in vitro copper binding assessment using the BCA release assay.
3
Elemental composition analysis of Arabidopsis halleri
4
Elemental Analysis of Bambara Groundnut
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The chemical analysis involved the determination of P, K+, Ca2+, Mg2+, Zn2+, Cu2+, Fe2+, and Mn2+ in Bambara groundnut landraces. The contents of the elements were determined in the seed materials (2 g of Bambara seeds) after incineration in a muffle furnace at 650 °C. The resultant ash was solubilized on porcelain crucibles using 10 ml aqua regia (HNO3 and HCl mixed in ratio 1:3) (Baldock and Schulte, 1996 ). Potassium was analyzed using flame atomic emission spectroscopy (FAES) with fast sequential absorption spectrometer (Varian AA280FS). Ca, Mg, Zn, Cu, Fe, and Mn concentrations were determined using flame atomic absorption spectroscopy (FAAS). The wavelength, recovery level and relative standard deviations (RSD) at which elements were analyzed are summarized in (Table 2 ). The phosphorus content was determined with a spectrometric method at 400 nm using a Varian Alpha UV-VIS (Spectronic Unicam, Berlin, Germany) (Sharifuddin et al., 2008 ).Table 2
Wavelength, recovery level, and relative standard deviations used for elemental analysis in Bambara groundnut landraces.
| Element | Wavelength (λ) | Recovery level (%) | RSD (%) |
|---|---|---|---|
| K | 589.0 nm | 97.7 | 6.5 |
| Ca | 422.7 nm | 98.8 | 7.9 |
| Mg | 285.2 nm | 99.5 | 5.1 |
| Zn | 213.9 nm | 99.2 | 6.2 |
| Cu | 324.8 nm | 96.1 | 5.8 |
| Fe | 248.3 nm | 97.3 | 7.4 |
| Mn | 279.5 nm | 98.6 | 7.7 |
5
Cellular Iron and Cobalt Quantification
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Cellular iron contents were determined using a flame atomic absorption spectrometer (F-AAS) (AA 280 FS, Varian, Victoria, Australia). The wavelength and slit width values were 248.3 nm and 0.2 nm, respectively. Air-acetylene flame was used. For measurements, 2 mM (NH4)2Fe(SO4)2 which corresponds to 0.11 mg Fe atom/mL was applied as the iron stress factor for 90 min at 30 °C and 150 rpm. The stress factor was then removed and the cells were dried at 80 °C. The measured cell dry weights for each triplicate sample were used to calculate mg Fe atoms/g cell dry weight values. Five millilitres of 10 M HNO3 (Sigma-Aldrich, Hamburg, Germany) was added to each 5 mL sample and incubated at 80 °C for cell lysis. After lysis, 10 mL distilled water was added to have a three-fold dilution prior to the F-AAS measurements. Iron contents were then calculated according to known standards. Cellular cobalt contents were also determined using the same procedure, with slight modifications: 2.5 mM CoCl2 was used as the cobalt stress factor for 90 min at 30 °C. The wavelength and slit width values were 240.7 nm and 0.2 nm, respectively.
6
Assessing Plant Fitness Traits and Zn Translocation
7
Elemental Analysis of Soil Samples
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Elemental analysis of Ca, Cu, Fe, K, Mg, Mn, and Zn was done using Fast Sequential Absorption Spectrometer (Varian AA280FS) hyphenated to a computer software (Spectr AA version 5.1 PRO). The AAS was calibrated using an ICP multi-element standard solution IV prepared within the normal operating range (0–100 ppm) of the flame absorbance and emission spectrophotometer (Hansen et al., 2009 (link)). The flame of the photometer was calibrated by adjusting the air flow (12 L/min) and gas flow (8 L/min). The flame hollow cathode lamp was allowed to stabilize for 5 minutes and the lamp was optimized to produce stable radiation. The readings of the galvanometer were adjusted to zero by spraying blank 5% HNO3 into the flame. The sensitivity was adjusted by spraying the standard working solutions into the flame, to get a full-scale deflection of the galvanometer. Sample solutions were aspirated into the flame for three times and the readings of galvanometer were recorded. The concentration of elements in each sample was calculated from the graph of concentration against absorbance. The final concentration was calculated using the mass of the sample and the volume of the sample solution as shown in the equation: Kurilenko and Kostyreva (2016)
8
Elemental Composition Analysis of Poplar Leaves
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The leaves of the poplar plantlets were washed with demineralized water to remove surface impurities, and dried at 65 °C for 48 h. The total concentration of individual mineral components in the leaves was measured (K, Na, Mg, Ca, P, N, Cl). Chemical analyses were performed in a certified laboratory. The total concentrations of K, Na, Mg, and Ca were determined by atomic absorption spectrophotometry (Varian AA280FS). In order to verify the analyses, certified material was used (M3) (Steinnes et al., 1997) . The concentration of phosphorus was determined colorimetrically (HACH LANGE DR 3800 colorimeter). In order to verify the analyses, certified material was used (ISE sample 912). Nitrogen analysis was performed using the Kjeldahl method, with the Kjeltec 2300 Analyzer Unit (FOSS TECATOR), according to the AN 300 application. Verification of the analyses was made using certified material (ISE sample 912). Chloride analysis was performed using ion chromatography (DIONEX ICS 1100, with an AS9-HC column). In order to verify the analyses, certified material was used (IPE sample 993).
9
Elemental Composition Analysis of Poplar Leaves
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The leaves of the poplar plantlets were washed with demineralized water to remove surface impurities, and dried at 65 °C for 48 h. The total concentration of individual mineral components in the leaves was measured (K, Na, Mg, Ca, P, N, Cl). Chemical analyses were performed in a certified laboratory. The total concentrations of K, Na, Mg, and Ca were determined by atomic absorption spectrophotometry (Varian AA280FS). In order to verify the analyses, certified material was used (M3) (Steinnes et al., 1997) . The concentration of phosphorus was determined colorimetrically (HACH LANGE DR 3800 colorimeter). In order to verify the analyses, certified material was used (ISE sample 912). Nitrogen analysis was performed using the Kjeldahl method, with the Kjeltec 2300 Analyzer Unit (FOSS TECATOR), according to the AN 300 application. Verification of the analyses was made using certified material (ISE sample 912). Chloride analysis was performed using ion chromatography (DIONEX ICS 1100, with an AS9-HC column). In order to verify the analyses, certified material was used (IPE sample 993).
10
Analyzing Sulfate and Calcium Concentrations
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SO 4 and Ca concentrations were measured at the CEREMA laboratory, Trappes (France). Waters were first filtered using a 0.45 μm cellulose nitrate filters.
Ca analyses were undertaken using Flame -atomic absorption spectrometer (Varian -AA 280 FS), following the standardized method EN ISO 7980 (Water quality determination of calcium and magnesium -Atomic absorption spectrometry method). Limit of quantification is 10 mg/L (determined following the French standardized method NFT T 90-210 -Water quality; Initial assessment protocol of laboratory method performances) and results are associated to an uncertainty of 10% (determined following the standardized method ISO 11352 -Water quality; Estimation of measurement uncertainty based on validation and quality control data). SO 4 contents were determined using a spectrophotometer Uviline 9400 Secomam following the French standardized method NFT 90-040 (Water Quality -Determination of sulfate ions -nephelometric method). Briefly, after precipitation of sulfate ion by barium chloride in hydrochloric acid medium, the measurements were undertaken on a spectrophotometer (at 650 nm). Limit of quantification is 15 mg/L, and results are associated to an uncertainty of 15%.
Ca analyses were undertaken using Flame -atomic absorption spectrometer (Varian -AA 280 FS), following the standardized method EN ISO 7980 (Water quality determination of calcium and magnesium -Atomic absorption spectrometry method). Limit of quantification is 10 mg/L (determined following the French standardized method NFT T 90-210 -Water quality; Initial assessment protocol of laboratory method performances) and results are associated to an uncertainty of 10% (determined following the standardized method ISO 11352 -Water quality; Estimation of measurement uncertainty based on validation and quality control data). SO 4 contents were determined using a spectrophotometer Uviline 9400 Secomam following the French standardized method NFT 90-040 (Water Quality -Determination of sulfate ions -nephelometric method). Briefly, after precipitation of sulfate ion by barium chloride in hydrochloric acid medium, the measurements were undertaken on a spectrophotometer (at 650 nm). Limit of quantification is 15 mg/L, and results are associated to an uncertainty of 15%.
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