Sodium bicarbonate

The hepatocellular carcinoma cell lines Hep G2 and Hep 3B, the colorectal carcinoma cell line HT-29, and the pancreatic adenocarcinoma cell line Panc-1 were obtained from the American Type Culture Collection (ATCC^®, Manassas, VA, USA). Catalog number and passage number are provided in the supplementary material. Hep G2 and Hep 3B cell lines were cultured in Eagle's Minimal Essential Medium (EMEM) +2 mM L-Glutamine (Lonza, Walkersville, MD, USA), HT-29 in Mc Coy's 5A + 1.5 mM L-Glutamine, +2.2 g/L Sodium Bicarbonate and Panc-1 in Dulbecco's Modified Essential Medium (DMEM) + 4.5 g/L D-Glucose, +2 mM L-Glutamine, +110 mg/L Sodium Pyruvate (HyClone Laboratories, Logan, UT, USA). All medias were supplemented with 10% fetal calf serum (FCS) (HyClone Laboratories, Logan, UT, USA) and Penicillin/Streptomycin; 100 μg/ml each (Gibco, Grand Island, NY, USA). Cells were cultured in a humidified atmosphere of 5% CO₂ at 37 °C. For testing, cells were seeded in black walled, clear bottom 96 well plates (1 × 10⁴ cells per well; cytotoxicity, caspase 3/7 activity, reactive oxygen species & TUNEL assay) or in 24 well plates for radioactive experiments (7.5 × 10⁴ cells per well) one day prior to treatment and testing.