Polyvinylpyrrolidone k90

Manufactured by Merck Group

Sourced in Germany

Polyvinylpyrrolidone K90 is a high-molecular-weight polymer used in various laboratory applications. It functions as a binding agent, stabilizer, and dispersant in aqueous and non-aqueous systems.

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Polyvinylpyrrolidone (655 citations) Polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP K90, (10 citations) Polyvinylpyrrolidone K90 (PVP-K90) (2 citations)

9 protocols using polyvinylpyrrolidone k90

Polyurea/Urethane Microcapsule Synthesis

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Example 19

Prepare the Oil Phase by adding 4.44 grams of isophorone diisocyanate (Sigma Aldrich) to 5.69 grams of Scent A fragrance oil. Prepare a Water Phase by mixing 1.67 grams of Ethylene Diamine (Sigma Aldrich) and 0.04 grams of 1,4-Diazabicyclo[2.2.2]octane (Sigma Aldrich) into 40 grams of a 5 wt % aqueous solution of Polyvinylpyrrolidone K-90 (Sigma Aldrich) at 10 degrees Centigrade. Next, add the Oil Phase contents to 15.0 grams of a 5 wt % aqueous solution of Polyvinylpyrrolidone K-90 (Sigma Aldrich), while agitating the mix at 1400 RPM using a Janke & Kunkel IKA Laboretechnik RW20 DZM motor with a 3-blade turbine agitator for approximately 9 minutes. Next, add the addition of the Water Phase into the emulsified Oil Phase dropwise over a 6.5 minute period, while continuing to agitate at 1400 RPM. Continue to agitate for 23 minutes, then reduce the agitation speed to 1000 RPM. After 3.75 additional hours, reduce the agitation speed to 500 RPM, and continue to agitate for 14 hours. Start heating the dispersion to 50 degrees Centigrade, over a 2 hour period. Age the capsules at 50 C for 2 hours, then collect the formed microcapsules. The resulting polyurea/urethane particles have a median particle size of 12 microns and a broadness index of 1.5

US11096875B2. Delivery particle (2021-08-24). The Procter & Gamble Company [US]. Inventors: Jiten Odhavji Dihora [US], Johan Smets [BE], Todd Arlin Schwantes [US].

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Synthesis and Characterization of Polymeric Materials

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Poly(vinyl pyrrolidone) K90 (PVP) of average molecular weight approximately 360 000 g mol⁻¹, pentaerythritol triacrylate (PETA), methacrylic acid (MA) glycidyl methacrylate (GMA) and toluene were purchased from Sigma Aldrich. Methyl methacrylate (MMA) was purchased from Fluka. 2,2'-Azobis(isobutyronitrile) (AIBN) was obtained from Akzo Nobel. 2,2'-azobis[N-(2-propenyl)-2-methylpropionamide] (APMPA) was obtained from Wako Pure Chemical Co. (Osaka, Japan). All reagents were used without further purification.

Valderhaug V.D., Glomm W.R., Sandru E.M., Yasuda M., Sandvig A, & Sandvig I. (2019). Formation of neural networks with structural and functional features consistent with small-world network topology on surface-grafted polymer particles. Royal Society Open Science, 6(10), 191086.

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Hollow Fiber Membrane Preparation for Uremic Toxin Removal

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For the preparation of the hollow fiber membranes, Ultrason E6020 polyethersulfone (PES, BASF, Ludwigshafen, Germany) and polyvinylpyrrolidone K90 (PVP, Sigma-Aldrich Chemie GmbH, Munchen, Germany) were dissolved in extra pure N-methylpyrrolidone (NMP, Acros Organics, Geel, Belgium). Activated carbon (Norit A Supra, Norit Netherlands BV, Amersfoort, the Netherlands) was sieved through 45 μm sieve (VWR, Amsterdam, the Netherlands) and used as an adsorbent in outer polymer layer. All polymer solutions were allowed to degas for at least 24 hours prior to membrane fabrication. Creatinine, indoxyl sulfate, human serum albumin (HAS), inulin, vitamin B12, α-lactalbumin and α-chymotrypsin were purchased from Sigma Aldrich. p-Cresyl sulfate was synthesized by the Laboratory for Organic and Bio-organic Synthesis at the Ghent University (Belgium) following the method described by Feigenbaum et al.33 .
Human plasma from healthy vol unteer donors was obtained from Sanquin (Amsterdam, the Netherlands) in compliance with local ethical guidelines. To prepare the dialysate solution 2 mM KCl, 140 mM NaCl, 1.5 mM CaCl₂, 0.25 mM MgCl₂, 35 mM NaHCO₃ and 5.5 mM glucose (all Sigma-Aldrich) were dissolved in ultra-pure water. Fresenius F8HPS low-flux dialysis membranes (kindly provided by FMC, Vlijmen, the Netherlands) were used as reference.

Pavlenko D., van Geffen E., van Steenbergen M.J., Glorieux G., Vanholder R., Gerritsen K.G, & Stamatialis D. (2016). New low-flux mixed matrix membranes that offer superior removal of protein-bound toxins from human plasma. Scientific Reports, 6, 34429.

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Thiol-Acrylate Photopolymerization for Biomaterials

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Monomers pentaerythritol tetrakis(3-mercaptopropionate) (PETMP, >95%; Darmstadt, Germany, Sigma-Aldrich), trimethylolpropane tris(3-mercaptopropionate) (TMPTMP, ≥95%; Darmstadt, Germany, Sigma-Aldrich), and trimethylolpropane triacrylate (TMPTA; Paris, France, Sartomer (Arkema Group)); surfactants polyvinylpyrrolidone K 90 (PVP K90; Darmstadt, Germany, Sigma-Aldrich), and Hypermer B246 (HB246; Snaith, UK, Croda); initiator Irgacure 784 (I784; Ludwigshafen, Germany, BASF); calcium chloride hexahydrate (CaCl₂ · 6H₂O, 98%; Darmstadt, Germany, Sigma-Aldrich); sodium hydroxide (≥98%; Darmstadt, Germany, Sigma-Aldrich); 5,5′-dithiobis(2-nitrobenzoic acid) (Ellman’s Reagent, ≥98%; Darmstadt, Germany, Sigma-Aldrich); ethanol (Milano, Italy, Carlo Erba); tetrahydrofuran (THF; Milano, Italy, Carlo Erba); N,N-diisopropylethylamine (≥99%; Darmstadt, Germany, Sigma-Aldrich); and methylene blue (MB; Darmstadt, Germany, Sigma-Aldrich) were used as received.

Kramer S, & Krajnc P. (2021). Hierarchically Porous Microspheres by Thiol-ene Photopolymerization of High Internal Phase Emulsions-in-Water Colloidal Systems. Polymers, 13(19), 3366.

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Silicone Contact Lens Fabrication

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Fabrication
of the silicone
contact lenses was accomplished with the following monomers: 2-hydroxyethyl
methacrylate (HEMA), Irgacure (1-hydroxycyclohexyl phenyl ketone),
ethylene glycol dimethacrylate (EGDMA), N,N-dimethyl acrylamide (DMA), N-vinyl pyrrolidone
(NVP), and 3-[tris(trimethylsiloxy)silyl]propyl methacrylate (siloxane).
All of the above monomers, poly(vinylpyrrolidone) K90, and other chemicals
were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis).

Maulvi F.A., Patel P.J., Soni P.D., Desai A.R., Desai D.T., Shukla M.R., Ranch K.M., Shah S.A, & Shah D.O. (2020). Novel Poly(vinylpyrrolidone)-Coated Silicone Contact Lenses to Improve Tear Volume During Lens Wear: In Vitro and In Vivo Studies. ACS Omega, 5(29), 18148-18154.

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Tracking E. coli Motility in Polymers

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The following bacterial strains were used: E. coli HCB1 (wild-type) and HCB1736 (a derivative of E. coli AW405 with cheY deletion and smooth-swimming behavior), gifts from Howard Berg, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA; E. coli YW191 [E. coli HCB1 transformed with pAM06-tet plasmid carrying kanamycin resistance and expressing green fluorescent protein (GFP) constitutively; the pAM06-tet plasmid was a gift from Arnab Mukherjee and Charles M. Schroeder, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign (63 (link))]; and E. coli YW268 (E. coli HCB1736 transformed with pAM06-tet plasmid). Plasmids were transformed via electroporation. The following polymers were used: salmon testes DNA (abbreviated as DNA; ∼2,000 base pair, molecular weight M_w ∼1.3 MDa, Sigma-Aldrich, cat. no. D1626), polyethylene glycol (PEG, M_w ∼8 kDa, Sigma-Aldrich, cat. no. 89510), polyvinylpyrrolidone K90 (PVP, M_W ∼0.36 MDa, Sigma-Aldrich, cat. no. 81440), Ficoll 400 (M_W ∼0.4 MDa, Sigma-Aldrich, cat. no. F9378), and hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose (MC, M_W ∼86 kDa, Sigma-Aldrich, cat. no. H7509).

Cao D., Dvoriashyna M., Liu S., Lauga E, & Wu Y. (2022). Reduced surface accumulation of swimming bacteria in viscoelastic polymer fluids. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 119(45), e2212078119.

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Anhydrous Theophylline Tablet Formulation

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Anhydrous theophylline was purchased from Acors Organics. The excipients used for tablet compression were: directly compressible lactose monohydrate—Lactopress (BASF SE, Ludwigshafen, Germany), polyvinylpyrrolidone K90 (Sigma-Aldrich, Dorset, UK), microcrystalline cellulose (MCC) PH101 (FMC Biopolymer, Woluwe-Saint-Lambert, Belgium), cross-carmellose sodium SD-711 (FMC Biopolymer, Belgium), and magnesium stearate (Sigma–Aldrich Co., Ltd., Dorset, UK). The coating components were: sodium alginate (Alg, 15–20 cps) supplied by Sigma-Aldrich (Dorset, UK), ceresin wax supplied by Fisher Scientific (UK), glyceryl monostearate (Imwitor^® 900K, GMS) donated by Cremer OLEO (Hamburg, Germany), citric acid monohydrate and pectin from citrus supplied by Sigma-Aldrich (USA), and fumaric acid purchased from Fischer Scientific (USA).

Habashy R., Khoder M., Isreb A, & Alhnan M.A. (2022). A Novel Multilayer Natural Coating for Fed-State Gastric Protection. Pharmaceutics, 14(2), 283.

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Berberine Hydrochloride Formulation Protocol

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Berberine hydrochloride (BH, purity over 98%) was purchased from a local Laobaixing Drugstore (Shanghai, China). Cellulose acetate (Mw = 30,000) was bought from Aldrich. Polyvinylpyrrolidone K90 (Mw = 1,300,000) was purchased from Sigma-Aldrich Corp. (Shanghai, China) The solvents acetone, ethanol, Di-ChloroMethane (DCM) and N, N-Dimethylacetamide (DMAc) were obtained from Shanghai Fitst Shiji Factory (Shanghai, China). Water was double distilled just before use.

Zhou J., Dai Y., Fu J., Yan C., Yu D.G, & Yi T. (2023). Dual-Step Controlled Release of Berberine Hydrochloride from the Trans-Scale Hybrids of Nanofibers and Microparticles. Biomolecules, 13(6), 1011.

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Preparation and Characterization of Polyvinylpyrrolidone Formulations

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Polyvinylpyrrolidone K90 (M_w = 1,300,000) and K30 (M_w = 58,000) were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich Corp (Shanghai, China). Analytical grade ethanol was obtained from the No. 3 Reagent Factory (Shanghai, China). Compound Glycyrrhiza Oral Solution (Chinese medicine approval: H31020828) was purchased from Shanghai Laobaixing Big Pharmacy, which was fabricated by Shanghai Mei You Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd. (Shanghai, China). The production date, product batch number, and expiry date were 2022-06-23, 220606, and 2025-06-22, respectively. Water was double distilled just before usage.

Liu H., Dai Y., Li J., Liu P., Zhou W., Yu D.G, & Ge R. (2023). Fast and convenient delivery of fluidextracts liquorice through electrospun core-shell nanohybrids. Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology, 11, 1172133.

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