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37 protocols using jsm it800

1

Phase Identification and Characterization of Nanocomposites

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Phase identification
of crystalline materials was investigated using the XRD technique
(Panalytical). SEM (JEOL JSM-IT800) was used to characterize the morphology
and microstructure change of materials. The WDS analyses of the samples
were performed to investigate element composition using a JEOL JSM-IT300
scanning electron microscope with an automatic Oxford Instruments
Wave detector system using a PET crystal (Si, Sn, Ti) and LSM60 crystal
(O). STEM measurements were taken with a JEOL JSM-IT800 scanning electron
microscope equipped with an EDS detector to observe the distribution.
A transmission electron microscope for obtaining SAED, and a high-resolution
view (TEM–SAED and HR-TEM, JEOL JEM-2010) was used to study
the morphology and phase formation of as-prepared nanocomposite materials.
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2

Characterization of Superalloy Microstructure

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The initial microstructures were observed using EBSD analysis on the plane perpendicular to a longitudinal axis of the bar implemented by a JEOL JSM-IT800 field-emission scanning electron microscope (FE-SEM) operated at 15 kV. For characterizing the precipitation phases (γ′′ and γ′), a JEOL JEM-2100EM transmission electron microscope was employed with an acceleration voltage of 200 kV.
After the FCG tests, the specimens were halved along their mid-thickness regions. The cross-sections of one-half were carefully finished by buffing with a colloidal SiO2. We also characterized the crack cross-sections using EBSD and ECC imaging techniques by a JEOL JSM-IT800 to facilitate the visualization of underlying crack paths.
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3

Isolation and Characterization of Hemozoin Crystals

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PbWT and PbAAT1KO parasite pellets prepared by saponin lysis were used to isolate the Hz crystals. In brief, parasite pellets were resuspended in 10 volumes of 2.5% SDS and centrifuged at 14,000 × g for 10 min. After removing the supernatant and repeating the step once, the pellets were washed three times in 1 mL of distilled water. The purified Hz crystals were then analyzed by scanning electron microscopy as described previously with few modifications (66 (link)). In brief, Hz crystals were resuspended in 100 μL of distilled water, transferred onto round glass coverslips (12 mm), and dried for 24 h at 37°C. Samples were gold coated, mounted on a metallic sample holder, and analyzed using a field emission scanning electron microscope (JEOL JSM-IT800, Schottky) operated at a high vacuum with an accelerating voltage of 5 kV, standard probe current of 50, and working distance (WD) of 8 mm. Images were collected in secondary electron (SE) mode with different magnifications at a resolution of ~0.7 nm. The length, width, and thickness of Hz crystals from PbWT and PbAAT1KO parasites were measured using Image J software.
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4

Microscopic Analyses of Maguey Fibers

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Field emission scanning electron microscope (FE-SEM) analyses were conducted on raw maguey fibers, cellulose, and post-hydrolyzed cellulose. FE-SEM was carried out for both maguey raw fibers and post-hydrolyzed cellulose and analyzed under a Zeiss microscope, Jena, Germany at 5.0 kV; the FE-SEM analysis of the extracted cellulose was analyzed uncoated with benchtop SEM model JCM-7000, JEOL Ltd., Tokyo, Japan at 10.0 kV, and another FE-SEM for post-hydrolyzed cellulose was analyzed using JEOL JSM-IT800, JEOL Ltd., Tokyo, Japan at 15.0 kV. For the raw MFS, the samples were coated with gold, with a 3 nm thickness, using a sputtering machine. The dimensions of the nanoparticles were manually measured using AutoCAD Version S.51.0.0 software.
Moreover, transmission electron microscopy (TEM) analysis was carried on the post-hydrolyzed cellulose using JEOL JEM-2100F, JEOL Ltd., Tokyo, Japan with 200 accelerating voltages in a 2 µm and 50 nm micron marker. Information on the inner structure of the post-hydrolyzed cellulose sample was analyzed. The dimensions of the nanoparticles were also manually measured using AutoCAD Version S.51.0.0 software.
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5

Comprehensive Catalyst Characterization

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The morphologies,
microstructures, and compositions of the as-prepared catalysts were
studied by field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM, JSM-IT800,
JEOL) with energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) and elemental
mapping and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (TEM/HR-TEM,
JEM-2100F, JEOL) with selected-area electron diffraction (SAED). N2 adsorption and desorption characterization was employed to
determine the specific surface areas and pore structures of the as-obtained
catalysts (Autosorb 1 MP, Quantachrome). The crystallographic structure
and composition of the as-prepared catalysts were determined by X-ray
diffraction (XRD, Empyrean/Panalytical), attenuated total reflection-Fourier
transform infrared (ATR-FTIR) spectroscopy (Bruker, INVENIO-S), Raman
spectroscopy (T64000, HORIBA Jobin Yvon, France), and X-ray photoelectron
spectroscopy (XPS, Kratos Axis Ultra DLD system, K-Alpha).
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6

Remineralization Potential of E/PA@HMS Dispersion

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Fifty mg of E/PA@HMS was dispersed into 10 mL of TBS (pH 7.4) and shaken for 30 min for ACP release to generate the remineralization solution. For determining the remineralization effects, the dentin specimens were etched with 37% phosphoric acid gel for 15 s to demineralize the dentin matrix and thoroughly rinsed with deionized water, followed by immersing in the remineralization solution at 37 °C. After incubation for 1, 7, and 14 days, these dentin specimens were longitudinally sectioned to yield two segments and fixed with glutaraldehyde solution (2.5%) for 24 h. After rinsing with deionized water, gradient dehydration using ethanol solutions was applied. All specimens were subjected to HMDS immersion for 30 min, vacuum-drying for 1 h, gold sputter-coating, and then examined by field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM, JSM-IT800, JEOL, Japan). The EDS-mapping analysis of element distribution and contents were examined by carbon sputter-coating (JFC-1600, JEOL, Japan). XRD analysis was conducted to investigate the newly formed layer in mineral phase and crystal orientation.
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7

Biofilm Formation of MRSA under CFS Exposure

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The MRSA ATCC 33591 strain was used as a tested organism and cultured overnight in Tryptic soya broth containing 0.25% glucose (Hi-Media, India) supplemented with 50% CFS of BRD3A and then seeded onto the glass coverslips in a six-well plate (Costar, Cambridge, MA, USA). After static incubation at 37°C for 24 h, the biofilm was washed with phosphate buffer saline, fixed with 2.5% glutaraldehyde (Sigma, Germany) at 4°C overnight, and dehydrated in increasing concentrations (50%, 70%, 90%, and 100%) of ethanol (Yadav et al., 2015 (link)). The coverslips were fixed on aluminum stubs, covered with a gold–palladium film, and viewed under a field emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM) (JEOL JSM-IT800, USA).
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8

Characterization of Zinc Electrode Morphology

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The crystal structures were obtained by X-ray diffraction (XRD, D8 Advance (Bruker)) with monochromatic Cu Ka. The morphologies of the electrodes were examined by using a field-emission scanning electron microscope (FE-SEM, MERLIN (Carl Zeiss)) and an optical microscope (Nikon, ECLIPSE LV 150N). The orientation of the plated crystal was determined using electron backscatter diffraction (FE-SEM, JEOL JSM-IT800). The electrode material was also observed by using a transmission electron microscope (TEM, FEI Talos F200i). The X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) spectra were obtained using a K-alpha (Thermo Electron). The surface roughness of the Zn electrodes before and after cycling was detected by using a scanning probe microscope (SPM, Veeco D3100). The differential electrochemical mass spectrometry (DEMS) was carried out by the electrochemical mass spectrometry (HPR-20 EGA). The Zn symmetrical cells were purged and tested by Ar gas with a flow rate of 0.8 mL min−1.
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9

Evaluation of Sealer Penetration Depth

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Five specimens from each group with a sample size of 25 were bisected in a buccolingual plane employing a diamond disk (SS White). The above procedure was carried out utilizing a micromotor handpiece without causing any disturbances to the obturation material. The segment which retained the obturation material was selected for examination under a SEM (JSM-IT800; JEOL, Tokyo, Japan). Samples were placed in 17% EDTA for a duration of 10 minutes which was followed by soaking in 5.25% sodium hypochlorite solution for 10 minutes. All the samples were washed completely with distilled water. The dehydration process was done through sequential exposure of 50, 75, and 100% ethyl alcohol for eight hours and kept in a drying chamber at 60°C. The specimens were platinum sputtered for SEM evaluation at 500× magnification in the cervical, middle, and apical third segments. The maximum tubular penetration at each level was recorded in micrometers (μm). At each level, five points were marked corresponding to the maximum sealer penetration. The distance of the points was measured from the sealer-dentin interface and the depth of penetration was calculated. A mean of the five readings at each level was recorded and tabulated (Table 2).
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10

Transmission Electron Microscopy Protocol

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Sections were observed using two HRSEMs: 1) Apreo (Thermo Fisher Scientific) using a retractable STEM detector (STEM3 +) and retractable backscatter (CBS) detector with a working distance of approximately 7.5 mm, and JSM-IT800 (JEOL) using a retractable backscatter detector (BED-C) and retractable STEM detector (DEBEN Gen5 ARM2 Annular STEM, DEBEN) with a working distance of 4.8 mm. The tested accelerating voltage ranged from 3 to 15 kV. The samples were plasma cleaned inside the chamber of the SEM prior to imaging to lower the rate of formation of contaminations and decrease the radiation damage.
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