Alpha-fetoprotein antibody and antigen were purchased from Biocell Co. (Zhengzhou, China). Bovine serum albumin (BSA, 96-99%) and multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNT), carbon > 95% 6 -9 nm O.D x 5 µm L were procured from Sigma (USA).
Phosphate buffer solution (PBS), conc. sulphuric acid (H 2 SO 4 ), 88% ACS ortho phosphoric acid (H 3 PO 4 ), iron sulphate (FeSO 4 ), potassium permanganate (KMnO 4 ), 30% hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2 ), 35% hydrochloric acid (HCl), 98% hydrazine hydrate (NH 2 ) 2 : H 2 O, chloroauric acid (HAuCl 4 ) potassium ferrocyanide (K 4 Fe(CN) 6 ) and potassium ferricyanide (K 3 Fe(CN) 6 ) were purchased from Merck India. All the electrolytes were prepared with ultrapure water (>18 M Ω cm) from a Millipore Milli-Q water purification system.
Phosphate buffer solution (PBS), conc. sulphuric acid (H 2 SO 4 ), 88% ACS ortho phosphoric acid (H 3 PO 4 ), iron sulphate (FeSO 4 ), potassium permanganate (KMnO 4 ), 30% hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2 ), 35% hydrochloric acid (HCl), 98% hydrazine hydrate (NH 2 ) 2 : H 2 O, chloroauric acid (HAuCl 4 ) potassium ferrocyanide (K 4 Fe(CN) 6 ) and potassium ferricyanide (K 3 Fe(CN) 6 ) were purchased from Merck India. All the electrolytes were prepared with ultrapure water (>18 M Ω cm) from a Millipore Milli-Q water purification system.