2-Acrylamido-2-methyl-4-pentanone was purchased from Tokyo Chemical Industry, Co., LTD (Tokyo, JP). 3-(trimethoxysilyl)propyl methacrylate, potassium cyanide, and ammonium carbonate were obtained from Acros Organics (NJ, USA). 2,2′-Azobis(2-methylpropionitrile) (AIBN) was obtained from Sigma-Aldrich, Inc. (St. Louis, MO, USA). All other chemicals were purchased from Aldrich Chemical Co. (Milwaukee, WI), TCI America (Boston, MA), or Alfa Aesar (Ward Hill, MA) and used as received unless otherwise noted. Highly corrosion resistant stainless steel 316L having thickness 0.008 inch (ASTM A240 /A240 M standard) with 2B finish (Ra roughness of the surface typically being between 0.3 and 0.4 μm) and Inconel™ 718 alloy sheet with 0.02 inch thickness were purchased from McMaster-Carr (Chicago, IL). 1H NMR spectra were obtained with a Bruker 400 MHz spectrometer (16 scans). ATR-IR data were recorded with 32 scans at 4 cm−1 resolution with a PerkinElmer Model Spectrum 400 ATR-FTIR spectrometer. Melting points were determined by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC, TA Instruments Model Q-2000). Mass spectra were obtained with a Waters Q-TOF Premier spectrometer, and X-ray photoelectron spectra (XPS) were obtained with a Kratos XSAM 800 Surface Analysis System equipped with a hemispherical energy analyzer.
Ammonium carbonate
Manufactured by Thermo Fisher Scientific
Sourced in United States, United Kingdom
Ammonium carbonate is a chemical compound commonly used as a laboratory reagent. It is a white, crystalline solid with the chemical formula (NH4)2CO3. Ammonium carbonate serves as a source of ammonia and carbonate ions, which are often utilized in various chemical reactions and analytical procedures in laboratory settings.
Automatically generated - may contain errors
Lab products found in correlation
Acetonitrile, by Thermo Fisher Scientific (2 mentions)
400 mhz spectrometer, by Bruker (1 mentions)
2 2 azobis 2 methylpropionitrile aibn, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
3 trimethoxysilyl propyl methacrylate, by Thermo Fisher Scientific (1 mentions)
Model q2000, by TA Instruments (1 mentions)
Potassium cyanide, by Thermo Fisher Scientific (1 mentions)
Hplc grade methanol, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
Formic acid, by Thermo Fisher Scientific (1 mentions)
Acetic acid, by Avantor (1 mentions)
Ammonium acetate, by Avantor (1 mentions)
Morphine, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
Norcodeine, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
Codeine d3, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
Morphine d3, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
Trypsin, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
Ammonium acetate, by Thermo Fisher Scientific (1 mentions)
Trifluoroacetic acid tfa, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
Pepsin, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
Pancreatin, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
Deuterated chloroform cdcl3, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
7 protocols using ammonium carbonate
1
Synthesis and Characterization of Methacrylate Functionalized Stainless Steel and Inconel Alloys
2
HPLC Analysis of Opioid Compounds
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Methanol (HPLC grade) was purchased from Merck (Darmstadt, Germany). Ammonium carbonate and formic acid (both analytical grade) were supplied by Acros Organics (Morris Plains, NJ, USA). Acetic acid and ammonium acetate (both analytical grade) were obtained from VWR International (Leuven, Belgium).
Norcodeine, morphine, M3G, morphine-d 3 , codeine-d 3 and M3G-d 3 were obtained from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MO, USA). Codeine was purchased from Norwegian Medical Depot (Oslo, Norway), and C6G from Lipomed (Arlesheim, Switzerland). M6G was supplied by Chiron (Trondheim, Norway).
Norcodeine, morphine, M3G, morphine-d 3 , codeine-d 3 and M3G-d 3 were obtained from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MO, USA). Codeine was purchased from Norwegian Medical Depot (Oslo, Norway), and C6G from Lipomed (Arlesheim, Switzerland). M6G was supplied by Chiron (Trondheim, Norway).
3
In Vitro Digestion of Eggs
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Fresh eggs (n = 60) were obtained from the Poultry Research Centre of University of Alberta (Edmonton, Canada). Pepsin (from porcine gastric mucosa, 3200 U/mg), trypsin (from bovine pancreas, 7500 U/mg), pancreatin (from porcine pancreas marked with “4XUSP”), and trifluoroacetic acid (TFA) were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (MO, USA). The electrolyte solutions used for the digestion were designed referring to previous work in our group.26 (link) Fresh pig bile was collected from Olymel slaughterhouse (Vallee-Jonction, QC, Canada), and stored at −20 °C until use. HPLC grade acetonitrile (ACN), hexane, ammonium carbonate, and ammonium acetate were purchased from Fisher Scientific (Ottawa, ON, Canada).
4
Synthesis and Characterization of Metabolites
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Lactide, glycolide (99%), benzyl
alcohol, PEG methyl ether (Mn = 5000 g/mol),
5-aminofluorescein, tin(II) 2-ethylhexanoate (Sn(Oct)2,
92.5–100.0%), deuterated chloroform (CDCl3), RPMI
1640 medium, heat-inactivated fetal bovine serum (FBS), penicillin,
streptomycin,l -glutamine, phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate,
and formaldehyde were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (Gillingham, UK).
Ammonium carbonate, isopropanol, and acetonitrile were of LC–MS
grade, dichloromethane, methanol, diethyl ether, and acetone were
of HPLC grade, and they were obtained from Fisher Scientific (Loughborough,
UK). Authentic standards were prepared in five different mixtures
(see full details inTable S1 ) at a concentration
of 20 μM and coanalyzed with the samples for the identification
of the metabolites in this study. The authentic standards were obtained
from either Fisher Scientific (Loughborough, UK) or Sigma-Aldrich
(Gillingham, UK) unless otherwise stated.
alcohol, PEG methyl ether (Mn = 5000 g/mol),
5-aminofluorescein, tin(II) 2-ethylhexanoate (Sn(Oct)2,
92.5–100.0%), deuterated chloroform (CDCl3), RPMI
1640 medium, heat-inactivated fetal bovine serum (FBS), penicillin,
streptomycin,
and formaldehyde were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (Gillingham, UK).
Ammonium carbonate, isopropanol, and acetonitrile were of LC–MS
grade, dichloromethane, methanol, diethyl ether, and acetone were
of HPLC grade, and they were obtained from Fisher Scientific (Loughborough,
UK). Authentic standards were prepared in five different mixtures
(see full details in
of 20 μM and coanalyzed with the samples for the identification
of the metabolites in this study. The authentic standards were obtained
from either Fisher Scientific (Loughborough, UK) or Sigma-Aldrich
(Gillingham, UK) unless otherwise stated.
5
Synthesis and Characterization of Multifunctional Nanoparticles
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The aqueous suspension of carboxylated polystyrene microspheres of average size 0.2 μm and 0.05 μm and poly(diallyldimethylammonium chloride) (PDDA) were purchased from PolySciences, Inc, ammonium hydroxide (NH4OH), potassium carbonate (K2CO3), isopropyl alcohol (IPA), and ammonium carbonate were procured from Fisher Scientific, NJ, USA. Tetraethyl orthosilicate (reagent grade, 98% (TEOS)), chloroauric acid (HAuCl4), tetrakis(hydroxymethyl)phosphonium chloride (80% in water (THPC)), sodium hydroxide (NaOH), 3-[4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl]-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT), doxorubicin hydrochloride (DOX), dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), P(NIPAM-co-MAA) formaldehyde solution (16%) were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MO, USA); Dimethylformamide (DMF) was purchased from Macron Chemicals, PA, USA; iron oxide nanoparticles with carboxylic acid group were purchased from Ocean NanoTech, SD, USA. Anhydrous ethyl alcohol (EtOH) was purchased from JT Baker, NJ, USA. Borosilicate Capillary tube (0.86 mm OD) was obtained from Warner Instruments, CT, USA and polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) Sylgard 184 silicone elastomer kit from Dow Corning, Auburn, USA.
6
Metabolite Identification Using Authentic Standards
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Deionized water was prepared using Milli-Q water purification system (Millipore). Acetonitrile and methanol were LC-MS grade and obtained from VWR (West Sussex, UK) and Fisher Scientific (Loughborough, UK), respectively. All analytical standards and chemicals including ammonium carbonate were purchased from either Fisher Scientific (Loughborough, UK) or Sigma-Aldrich (Gillingham, UK) unless otherwise stated. For metabolite identification, 5 mixtures containing 268 authentic standards were prepared in methanol:water (1:1) and were used for the identification of the metabolites as detailed elsewhere (Abdelrazig et al., 2020 (link)).
7
Diamorphine Quantification in Biological Matrices
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All reagents and solvents were of analytical grade. Diamorphine hydrochloride (Wockhardt) was purchased from L E West Ltd (Barking, UK). Sodium carbonate, ethyl acetate, butyl acetate, ammonium carbonate and acetonitrile (all of analytical grade) were supplied by Fisher Scientific (Loughborough, UK). Horse plasma was supplied by TCS Biosciences (Buckingham, UK) and SAGM blood obtained from Ninewells Hospital, Dundee. (Ethical approval for use was obtained from local ethics committee). Blank samples of the following were purchased from local butchers: porcine vitreous humour, porcine liver, bovine muscle, bovine bone marrow, porcine heart, porcine lung, porcine kidney, bovine fat. Sterile potassium chloride concentrate 15 % w/v BP was supplied by B Braun (Melsungen, Germany).
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