Triethylamine

Ethylenediamine core G5.NH₂ PAMAM dendrimers (molecular weight = 26,010 g/mol) with polydispersity index values less than 1.08 were purchased from Dendritech (Midland, MI, USA). Polyethylene glycol (PEG) monomethyl ether with a carboxyl group at one end (mPEG-COOH) was obtained from Shanghai Yanyi Biotechnology Corporation (Shanghai, China). Gd(NO₃)₃.6H₂O, MnSO₄.H₂O, HAuCl₄.4H₂O, acetic anhydride, triethylamine, and all other chemicals as well as solvents were purchased from Sinopharm Chemical Reagent Co., Ltd. (Shanghai, China). Sodium borohydride was purchased from J&K Chemical Ltd. (Shanghai, China). DOTA-NHS was purchased from CheMatech (Dijon, France). The water used in all experiments was purified using a Milli-Q Plus185 water purification system (Millipore, Bedford, MA) with a resistivity greater than 18.2 MΩ cm.

Cesium iodide (CsI, 99.9999%) was purchased from Aladdin Bio-Chem Technology Co. LTD, Shanghai, China. Lead iodide (PbI₂) was purchased from Xi’an Polymer, Xi’an, Liaoning, China. Formamidinium iodide (FAI, 99.9%) was purchased from Advanced Election Technology, China. Dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) and N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF) were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich, St. Louis, MO, USA. Pyrrolidinium hydroiodide (PyI) was purchased from TCI, Tokyo, Japan. Isopropyl alcohol (IPA, C₃H₈O, AR), ethyl acetate (C4H₈O₂, AR), methanol, triethylamine, formaldehyde, n-butanol, acetone and ethanol were purchased from Sinopharm Chemical Reagent Co., Ltd, Shanghai, China. All the commercial materials were used as received without further purification.

In this study, we used the following chemicals: tetrahydrofuran (THF) (186562, Sigma-Aldrich), dibenzyl ether (DBE) (108014, Sigma-Aldrich), $N,N,N^{\prime },N^{\prime }$ -tetrakis (2-hydroxypropyl) ethylenediamine (EDTP) (T0781, Tokyo Chemical Industry Co., Ltd.), DL-alpha-tocopherol (vitamin E) (A17039, Alfa Aesar), and triethylamine (80134318, Sinopharm Chemical Reagent Co. Ltd.).
For dehydration solutions, THF was mixed with ${\mathrm{dH}}_2\mathrm{O}$ according to the following concentration: 50% (v/v), 70% (v/v), 80% (v/v), and 100% (v/v). triethylamine was added to adjust the pH to about 9.0. For clearing agents, the eFDISCO+ was prepared by adding 0.5% (w/v) EDTP to the DBE, and the vFDISCO+ was prepared by adding 0.5% (v/v) vitamin E to the DBE.
The column absorption chromatography with basic activated aluminum oxide (20001861, Sinopharm Chemical Reagent Co. Ltd.) was used to remove the peroxides produced in THF and DBE, as described in the literature.¹⁹ (link)^,20 (link)

Brimonidine Tartrate Reference Substance (BRT, purity > 98%) was purchased from Hangzhou Deli Chemical Co., Ltd. (Hangzhou, China). Gellan gum was procured from Zhejiang Tianwei Biotechnology Co., Ltd. (TW-JY800, low acyl gellan gum, Zhuji, China). Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (USP2910, viscosity was 3 mPa·s for 2% Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose) and tromethamine were supplied by Aladdin Reagent Co., Ltd. (Shanghai, China). Mannitol and triethylamine were purchased from Sinopharm Chemical Reagent Co., Ltd. (Shanghai, China). Benzalkonium chloride was provided by Fluka Company. Methanol (Linhai Zhedong Special Reagent Co., Ltd., Linhai, China) and acetonitrile (Tedia^®, Tedia Company Inc., Fairfield, OH, USA) were HPLC-grade. Sodium chloride, sodium bicarbonate and citric acid were obtained from Chengdu Kelon Chemical Reagent Factory (Chengdu, China). 0.2% brimonidine tartrate eye drops were provided by Allergan, Inc., (Mayo, Ireland). Other reagents and chemicals were of analytical grade.

Branched PEI 2KDa, 3-(4, 5-dimethyl-2-thiazolyl)-2, 5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT) and heparin were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich. Chitosan 2KDa (degree of deacetylation, 90%), dichloromethane, benzene, triethylamine, triphosgene, ethyl acetate, N-hydroxysuccinimide and absolute ethyl alcohol were purchased from Sinopharm Chemical Reagent Co, Ltd. DNase I was obtained from the Worthington Company. Dialysis bag (MWCO 7000) was purchased from Spectrum Chemical & Instruments. Paclitaxel (PTX), Hochest 33258 and fluorescein isothiocynate (FITC) were purchased from Sigma Aldrich. 4% paraformaldehyde was provided by Beijing Solarbio Science & Technology Co. Ltd. Colchicine (Col) and acrylamide were purchased from Beijing Hotaibio Science & Technology Co.