Spss version 21.0 for windows

In general, we applied the value closest to starting ART as the baseline value. Chi-square tests were used to study the association of baseline characteristics with severity of anaemia at baseline. The mean of the haemoglobin concentration and its confidence interval were calculated. Paired samples t-tests were used to compare haemoglobin concentration before and 12 months after ART initiation. Overall changes in haemoglobin concentration on treatment were further examined by stratifying results by sex (male versus female) at treatment initiation using the t-test. The paired t-test was used to compare the haemoglobin gain over 12 months between the group receiving AZT and those not receiving AZT. McNemar’s test was used to compare the proportion of patients with anaemia at the beginning and end of the first 12 months on ART.
A logistic regression model was used to identify predictors of persistent anaemia after 12 months of ART among anaemic patients at treatment initiation. Gender, age, stage of disease, ART regimen, cotrimoxazole prophylaxis and CD4 count at baseline were entered into a logistic model to find the factors associated with the persistence of anaemia. Data were analysed with SPSS version 21.0 for Windows. All tests were two-sided and the level of significance was set at P < 0.05.

The SPSS Version 21.0 for Windows (SPSS Inc., Chicago, Illinois, U.S.A.) was used for statistical analysis. Results are given as median values and one standard deviation (SD). Dependent variables were “SO2”, “rHb”, “velo” and “flow”. Independent variables were the presence or absence (before/after) of MgSO₄ administration. A Shapiro-Wilk-Test was performed to identify normal distribution for each continuous variable. We used a paired t test in cases with Gaussian distribution, otherwise the non-parametric Wilcoxon signed-rank test was used for paired comparisons (before/after) of independent variables. To identify possible confounding factors, we examined correlation of O2C parameters with the following anesthesiological parameters: bladder temperature, systolic/diastolic blood pressure, mean arterial blood pressure, heart rate, end-tidal partial carbon dioxide pressure (etCO₂), temperature corrected partial carbon dioxide pressure (pCO₂ (T)), fraction of inspired oxygen (FiO₂), hemoglobin oxygen saturation (SaO₂), hemoglobin (Hb), hematocrit (Hct) and arterial bicarbonate (HCO₃). Here, Spearman’s rank correlation coefficient was calculated. Statistical significance was set at P < 0.05.

All in-vitro experimental data were obtained from at least 3 independent cell line experiments from a minimum of 3 separate isolations and are expressed as means ± standard deviation (SD). The Mann–Whitney U was used to determine differences between groups. For the retrospective patient study, the TTP was calculated from the first day of sorafenib administration to the date of progression. Overall survival was calculated from the date of first administration of sorafenib to the date of death or last contact. Conventional clinical factors at the time of entry into the study and immunopositivity for HK-II were analyzed to identify variables that affected survival as determined by the Kaplan–Meier method and compared by the log-rank test. Stepwise multivariate analysis was performed using the Cox proportional hazards model to identify independent variables that affected survival. Factors found to be significantly related to outcome by univariate analysis were included in the multivariate analysis. For statistical analysis, SPSS version 21.0 for Windows (SPSS, Inc., Chicago, IL, USA) was used. Where p < 0.05, it was considered statistically significant.