Cobalt protoporphyrin copp 9

Alpha modification of Eagle medium (α-MEM), penicillin/streptomycin and fetal bovine serum (FBS) were purchased from Gibco-BRL (Sydney, NSW, Australia). Recombinant soluble mouse M-CSF (Catalog#315-02) and mouse RANKL (Catalog#315-11) were purchased from Peprotech (Rocky Hill, USA). The cell counting kit (CCK-8) was obtained from Do jin do Molecular Technology (Kumamoto, Japan). Specific antibodies against β-actin, extracellular signal regulated kinase (ERK), phospho-ERK (Thr202/Tyr204), c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK), phospho-JNK(Thr183/Tyr185), p38, phospho-p38 (Thr180/Tyr182), NF-κB p65, phospho-NF-κB p65 (Ser536) were purchased from Cell Signaling Technology (Cambridge, MA, USA). HMOX1 (HO-1) polyclonal antibody (Catalog#10701-1-AP) was provided by Proteintech (Rosemont, USA). PD98059, SB203580, SP600125, BAY11-7082 were purchased from Selleck Chemicals (USA). Cobalt protoporphyrin (COPP) IX was purchased from Frontier Scientific (Logan, UT, USA). Desferrioxamine (DFO), the tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) staining kit and all other reagents were purchased from Sigma Aldrich (St Louis, MO, USA) unless stated otherwise.