Tm 1000 sem

Scanning electron micrographs of adult eyes were obtained with TM-1000 SEM (Hitachi) as previously described [15] (link). For transmission electron microscopy, samples and ultrathin sections were prepared as previously described [59] (link), and imaged with HT7700 TEM (Hitachi).

The foil containing the MFMs was cut into 10 mm× 5 mm samples, and the morphologies of the electrospinning fibers were observed under TM-1000 SEM (Hitachi, Tokyo, Japan) with ×6000 magnification. The diameter of the electrospinning fiber was measured by Image J.

Samples were fixed using 4 % paraformaldehyde (buffered in PBS) at RT for 15 min and dehydrated by sequential incubation (RT, 10 min) with 10 %, 30 %, 50 %, 70 %, 90 % and 100 % ethanol in DI water. Samples were air-dried in the fume hood ON, sputter-coated (Cressington 108 Auto Sputter Coater, Pella, Inc., Reading, CA, USA) with gold or platinum/palladium for approximately 20 s and imaged using a Hitachi TM-1000 SEM with an accelerating voltage of 15 kV.

TM were grown in SDA at 28 °C with 60% moisture for 14 days. All the substances were dissolved in DMSO and prepared with a concentration of 1 μg/mL. With a cork bore the fungus was cut into round blocks and inoculated on the drug sensitive include BB, KM, GE, FE, GR,EB, YA, MK and DM plate to incubate for 10 days.
For TEM, the specimens were first fixated with 2.5% glutaraldehyde in phosphate buffer (0.1 M, pH 7.0; > 4 h) and then post-fixated with 1% OsO4 in phosphate buffer for 1-2 h. Following washing, graded ethanol was used to dehydrate the specimens and acetone was used to incubate them. After embedding with resin, the specimens were cut into ultra-thin sections on a LEICA EM UC7 ultratome, followed by staining with alkaline lead citrate and uranyl acetate (5–10 min each) and finished with an analysis under a Hitachi Model H-7650 TEM.
For SEM analysis, the specimens were prepared as outlined above for TEM. Then, they were placed for 30 min in ethanol:isoamyl acetate (1:1) and then isoamyl acetate during the night. After dehydrating the specimens in a Hitachi Model HCP-2 critical point dryer containing liquid CO₂, they were covered by gold-palladium with a Hitachi Model E-1010 ion sputter (for 4–5 min) and analyzed with a Hitachi Model TM-1000 SEM.

Bacterial aggregates were fixed with 4% paraformaldehyde, room temperature (RT), 10 min, and dehydrated by sequential incubation (RT, 10 min) with 10, 30, 50, 70, 90, and 100% ethanol in PBS. Samples were dried ON, sputter-coated with gold, and imaged using a Hitachi TM-1000 SEM.

The rice rachillae were classified based on spikelet base features. The spikelet bases were sputter-coated (Hitachi E-1010) and examined using a Hitachi TM-1000 SEM. In addition, The spikelet bases from Kuahuqiao, Tianluoshan, Majiabang, and Liangzhu sites, were examined to provide comparative samples through time.