Normal gastric epithelial GES-1 cell lines and HGC27 and SGC7901 gastric cancer cell line was obtained from the ATCC (namely the American Type Culture Collection), and maintained in the RPMI1640 medium (Thermo, United States) added with 10% Fasting Blood Sugar (FBS) (Gibco, United States) plus 1% penicillin/streptomycin (Solarbio, China). All cells were kept in an environment of 5% CO2 and temperature of 37°C. The levobupivacaine was purchased from Sigma. The dose of levobupivacaine was used at 2 mM according to the previous report (Kwakye et al., 2020 (link)).
Levobupivacaine
Manufactured by Merck Group
Sourced in United States
Levobupivacaine is a local anesthetic drug used in the medical industry. It is a sterile, preservative-free solution for injection that is designed for use in various medical procedures and treatments.
Automatically generated - may contain errors
Lab products found in correlation
Lidocaine, by Merck Group (4 mentions)
Penicillin streptomycin, by Thermo Fisher Scientific (3 mentions)
Bupivacaine, by Merck Group (2 mentions)
Ropivacaine, by Merck Group (2 mentions)
Qx 314, by Merck Group (2 mentions)
Rpmi 1640 medium, by Thermo Fisher Scientific (2 mentions)
Hgc 27, by American Type Culture Collection (1 mentions)
Penicillin streptomycin, by Solarbio (1 mentions)
1640 medium, by Corning (1 mentions)
Doxorubicin, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
Acridine orange, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
Carbonyl cyanide, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
Rapamycin, by Bio-Techne (1 mentions)
Mitoxantrone, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
Dactinomycin, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
Ferrostatin, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
Erastin, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
2 4 dinitrophenol, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
Tnf α, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
Prilocaine, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
5 protocols using levobupivacaine
1
Investigating Gastric Cancer Cell Lines
2
Evaluating Cytotoxic Effects of Anesthetics on Breast Cancer Cells
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The human MDA-MB-231 TNBC cells, human breast cancer BT-474 cells, and human normal gingival epithelial SG cells were cultured in Roswell Park Memorial Institute (RPMI) 1640 medium (Corning, Corning, NY, USA), containing 10% fetal bovine serum (FBS) and 1% penicillin–streptomycin (Invitrogen, Waltham, MA, USA). The lidocaine, bupivacaine, levobupivacaine, ropivacaine, acridine orange, and doxorubicin were purchased from Sigma–Aldrich (St. Louis, MO, USA). The autophagy inhibitor 3-methyadenine (3-MA) was purchased from InvivoGen (San Diego, CA, USA).
3
Systematic Evaluation of Cell Death Inducers
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Antimycin A (A8674), BAY87-2243 (SML2384), bupivacaine (B5274), carbonyl cyanide m-chlorophenylhydrazone (C2759), carbonyl cyanide 4-(trifluoromethoxy)phenylhydrazone (C2920), chloroprocaine (1117008), dactinomycin (A1410), 2-deoxyglucose (D3179), 2,4-dinitrophenol (D198501), erastin (E7781), ferrostatin (SML0583), glucose (G7021), levobupivacaine (SML1092), lidocaine (L5647), mitoxantrone (M6545), necrostatin (N9037), oligomycin A (75351), prilocaine (P9547), ropivacaine (R0283), rotenone (557368), staurosporine (S6942), TNF-alpha (T6674), thapsigargin (T9033), tunicamycin (T7765) have been purchased from Merck-Sigma Aldrich. Oxaliplatin was purchased from Accord Healthcare (Ahmedabad, India). Bafilomycin A1 (1334), rapamycin (1292), torin 1 (4247) were purchased from Tocris bioscience (Bristol, UK). Smac-BV6 was purchased from CliniSciences (B4653), z-VAD-fmk (N1510.0025) was purchased from Bachem. Recombinant calreticulin was produced as described.8 14 (link)
4
Synthesis and Characterization of QX-OH Compound
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QX-OH (purity: 99.8%) was synthesized according to the protocol described in our previous study (Zhang et al., 2017b (link)). QX-314, lidocaine, levobupivacaine, acetonitrile (HPLC grade), and formic acid (HPLC grade) were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich Co., Ltd. (MO, USA). Ropivacaine was purchased from the China National Institutes for Food and Drug Control. Isoflurane was bought from Hebei Yipin Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd. (Hebei, China). DMEM with high glucose, penicillin–streptomycin, and phosphate buffered saline (PBS) were purchased from Thermo Fisher Scientific Inc. Ringer solution was bought from Procell Life Science & Technology Co., Ltd. (Wuhan, China). The LL-1 was prepared by diluting the mixture of QX-OH powder and Levo-Bupi powder at ratio of 35 mM/10 mM in ultrapure water. Ultrapure water was prepared by Milli-Q® water purification system (Merck Millipore, Darmstadt, Germany).
5
Synthesis and Characterization of QX-OH
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QX-OH was synthesized in our laboratory based on the protocols of a registered patent (Invention Patent, China, ZL201410688865.1)8 (link) (Figure 1 ). QX-314, levobupivacaine (LB), and lidocaine were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich Canada Ltd (Oakville, ON, Canada). QX-OH was diluted to working concentrations by ultrapure water (Milli-Q® integral water purification system, Merck Millipore, Germany) in animal experiments and by the external solution in patch-clamping recordings immediately before experiments.![]()
Chemical structure of QX-OH. This figure illustrated the chemical structure of QX-OH.
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