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27 protocols using fp 2020 plus

1

HPLC-DAD-FLD Analysis of Hydroxytyrosol

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Aliquots (1 mL) of the lyophilized extracts prepared with deionized water were centrifuged (13,000; 10 min) and filtered using syringe filters (0.45 μm) before injection into the HPLC-DAD-FLD system (Jasco, Tokyo, Japan). The system was composed of a LC-NetII/ADC hardware interface, a pump (Jasco PU-2089), an automatic sampler (Jasco AS-2057 Plus) and a multiwavelength diode array detector (Jasco MD-2018 Plus) coupled to a fluorescence detector (Jasco FP-2020 Plus, Jasco Co., Tokyo, Japan) and a column thermostat (Jasco CO-2060 Plus) (Jasco, Tokyo, Japan). Hydroxytyrosol was quantified by fluorescence and monitored (λ excitation = 280 nm; λ emission = 330 nm). The gradient elution program used was: 0 min, 5% B; 30 min, 25% B; 50 min, 75% B; 55 min, 100% B; 60 min, 100% B; 63 min, 5% B, being solvent (A) 1% acetic acid and (B) 100% methanol. A chromatographic column (Zorbax-SB-C18; 250 × 4.6 mm, 5 μm; Agilent Technologies, Amstelveen, The Netherlands) was used at 20 °C with a flow rate of 1 mL/min and an injection volume of 20 µL. The hydroxytyrosol content was expressed as g/100 g (dry weight).
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2

Glycan Purification and Characterization

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OVA was deglycosylated by incubation in 5 IU of PNGase F (Roche Applied Sciences) o/n at 37°C. Proteins were extracted by reverse phase chromatography using Sep-Pak Vac C18 disposable cartridges (Waters). Glycans were further purified by reverse phase chromatography using Superclean ENVI-Carb cartridges disposable columns (Supelco). Glycans were lyophilized and re-dissolved in 30 ml of 7-Amino-4-methylcoumarin (160 mM, Sigma Aldrich) and 2-Picoline borane (270 mM, Sigma Aldrich) in DMSO:acetic acid (4:1, Riedel deHaën). 4-AMC-labelled glycans were purified by size exclusion chromatography using a Bio-Gel P2 (Bio-Rad) column with 50 mM ammonium formate (Sigma Aldrich) as running buffer. 4-AMC-labelled glycans were lyophilized and analyzed by multidimensional normal phase HPLC (UltiMate 3000 nanoLC, Dionex) using a Prevail Carbohydrate ES 0.075 x 200 mm column (Grace) coupled with an LCQ Deca XP with electrospray interface mass spectrometer (Thermo Finnigan) tuned with maltoheptoase (Sigma Aldrich) labeled with 4-AMC and with an intercalated fluorescence detector (Jasco FP-2020 Plus, Jasco) (maximum excitation 350 nm, band width 40 nm; maximum emission 448 nm, band width 40 nm) as previously described (Kalay et al., 2012 (link)).
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3

Ochratoxin A Detection in Beer

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Based on a previously reported analytical methodology [41 (link)], degassed and consecutively filtered beer samples (10 mL) were added, of 4% sodium bicarbonate (1.25 mL) and 10 mL of PBS. After centrifugation, the extract was loaded into an IAC cartridge for clean-up. After a washing step with 5 mL of water, OTA was eluted with 4 mL of methanol. Afterwards, the solvent was evaporated at 40 °C under a gentle nitrogen stream, and the dried residue was stored at −20 °C until analysis. For liquid chromatography with fluorescence detection (LC-FD), redissolution was accomplished with 1 mL of mobile phase. Following filtration through a Durapore membrane filter, 20 µL were injected into the HPLC system that consisted of a 805 manometric module Gilson, and a fluorimetric detector from Jasco (Tokio, Japan) FP-2020 Plus. Excitation and emission wavelengths were 336 nm and 440 nm, respectively. A C18 Nucleosil 5 µm (4.6 × 250 mm i.d.) column (Hichrom, Leicestershire, UK) was used and the flow rate was set at 1 mL min −1. The total run time was 15 min.
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4

Amino Acid Profiling of BRPFs

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The amino acid compositions of four BRPFs were identified using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC),
following the AOAC method [18 ]. Samples were hydrolysed with 6 N HCl at 110 °C
for 24 h and derivatised using the AccQ-Fluor reagent. All sample solutions were then analysed using HPLC (Waters Alliance
2695, USA) coupled to a fluorescence detector (JASCO FP2020 Plus, Japan), with the excitation and emission wavelengths set at
250 and 395 nm, respectively. A AccQ Tag column (3.9mm×150 mm, 4 mm, Waters, USA) was used and eluted at a flow rate of
1 mL/min in gradient mode using a mixture of eluent A (sodium acetate buffer pH 4.90) and eluent B (60% acetonitrile). Amino
acid compositions were identified and quantified by comparison with a standard mixture of 17 amino acids (Sigma-Aldrich, USA)
and were shown as g of amino acid per 100 g of protein. Under strong acid hydrolysis condition, the recovery of each amino
acid located between 80% and 110% regardless of whether they were partially destroyed. The determination of cysteine and
methionine content, the samples were oxidized with performic acid before hydrolysis with 6N HCl [19 ] and tryptophan was determined by alkaline hydrolysis at 105 °C for 24 h with 4M NaOH
[20 ].
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5

CB1 Receptor Complex Formation Assay

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Purified CB1-eGFP (1.25 M excess) was incubated with Gi (that has been incubated with 1 % L-MNG for 1 hour), in the presence of the tested ligands at room temperature for 1 hour, after which apyrase was added and further incubated on ice for 1 hour. The sample was applied to a Superdex 200 10/300 column (equilibrated in 20mM HEPES pH 7.5, 100mM NaCl, 0.01% L-MNG/0.001% CHS) in-line with a Jasco FP 2020 Plus fluorescence detector set to an excitation of 480 nm and an emission of 512 nm. Complex formation and complex stability was monitored for each ligand by analysing the extent of free receptor and complex peaks.
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6

Structural Stability of GPCR-G Protein Complexes

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Fifty microliters of 1 μM scFv16-free CX3CL1-US28-Gi, US27-Gi, or M2R-Go was loaded onto a Superdex 200 10/300 GL column attached to a JASCO FP-2020 Plus fluorescence detector equilibrated with SEC buffer, and the elution profiles were monitored by Trp-fluorescence (wavelengths for excitation at 280 nm and emission at 340 nm). To check the stabilities of the complexes in a physiological guanine-nucleotide concentration (14 (link)), frozen aliquots of the GPCR-Gi/o complexes were dissolved in SEC buffer and analyzed by FSEC equilibrated with SEC buffer supplemented with 36 μM GTP/300 μM GDP. To check the effect of GTP and GDP separately, each Gi/o complex was preincubated in SEC buffer supplemented with either 100 μM GTPγS, 100 μM GDP, or 100 μM GTPγS/100 μM GDP for 10 min. Each reaction was loaded on the SEC column equilibrated with SEC buffer with no nucleotide.
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7

HPLC-DAD-FLD Analysis of Plant Extracts

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HT analysis was carried out with 1 mL of each extract (Section 3.6) in an HPLC-DAD-FLD system (Jasco, Tokyo, Japan), consisting of a LC-NetII/ADC hardware interface, a pump (Jasco PU-2089), an automatic sampler (Jasco AS-2057 Plus), a multiwavelength diode array detector (Jasco MD-2018 Plus) coupled to a fluorescence detector (Jasco FP-2020 Plus) and a column thermostat (Jasco CO-2060 Plus). HT was evaluated by fluorescence and monitored at λ excitation and λ emission of 280 and 330 nm, respectively. A gradient elution program using as solvents acetic acid (A, 1%) and methanol (B, 100%) was employed: 0 min, 5% B; 30 min, 25% B; 50 min, 75% B; 55 min, 100% B; 60 min, 100% B; 63 min, 5% B. A Zorbax-SB-C18 (250 × 4.6 mm, 5 μm, Agilent Technologies, Amstelveen, The Netherlands) chromatographic column was used, at 20 °C, with a flow rate of 1 mL/min and an injection volume of 20 µL. A HT calibration curve was obtained (y = 10147x + 3486.5, R2 = 0.9998, 0.25–200 μg/mL). Results are presented in g/100 g of sample in fw and dw.
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8

HPLC Analysis of Total Amino Acids

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Total amino acids (AA) were analysed in an integrated HPLC system (Jasco, Tokyo, Japan) consisting of an LC-NetII/ADC hardware interface, two Jasco PU-980 pumps, an AS-4150 RHPLC autosampler, an MD-2015 Plus multiwavelength detector, and an FP-2020 Plus fluorescence detector. Alkaline (potassium hydroxide—KOH 4 M, 4 h for tryptophan) and acid hydrolysis (hydrochloric acid—HCl 6 M, 24 h for the other AA) were performed. Aliquots of neutralized hydrolysates were mixed with L-norvaline (2 mg/mL, internal standard) and the injection conditions followed Machado et al., 2020 [18 (link)].
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9

Fluorescence Calibration for TNT Analog

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Fluorescence calibration tests were performed with the fluorescent analog of TNT, cyanine 5-amine-TNB (Cy5-amine-TNB) to investigate fluorescence signal response and fluorescence peak profiles. In this series of experiments, concentrations of Cy5-amine-TNB (3.0 nM to 625 nM) were applied in triplicate to the microchannel microfluidic device and the fluorescence signal response was recorded using a fluorescence spectrofluorometer (FP2020-Plus, Jasco, Inc., Easton, MD, USA). Fluorescence signal responses were measured at flow rates of 1.0 mL/min and 2.0 mL/min with optical parameters for the spectrofluorometer preset for the Cy5-amine-TNB dye conjugate at excitation and emission wavelengths, 632 nm and 665 nm, respectively.
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10

Quantifying Phytomelatonin Levels Using HPLC

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A Jasco liquid chromatograph Serie-2000 (Tokyo, Japan) equipped with an online degasser, binary pump, auto sampler, thermo stated column and a Jasco FP-2020-Plus fluorescence detector were used to measure phytomelatonin levels. An excitation wavelength of 280 nm and an emission wavelength of 350 nm were selected. A Waters Spherisorb-S5 ODS2 column (250 × 4.6 mm) was used. The isocratic mobile phase consisted of water:acetonitrile (80:20) at a flow rate of 0.2 mL/min. The data were analyzed using the Jasco ChromNAV v.1.09.03 Data System Software. For correct identification, an in-line fluorescence spectral analysis (using the Jasco Spectra Manager Software) compared the excitation and emission spectra of standard melatonin with the corresponding peak of phytomelatonin in the samples [83 (link)].
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