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26 protocols using j774a 1 cells

1

Radiolabeled peptide characterization

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Cell culture media and hemoglobin were obtained from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MO, USA), fetal bovine serum (FBS) from Gibco (Rockville, MD, USA), bovine serum albumin (BSA) (Fraction V) from USB (Cleveland, OH, USA). J774A.1 cells were obtained from ATCC (catalog number TIB-67) and human coronary endothelial cells from Lonza (Basel, Switzerland). CD163 was obtained from R&D Systems, Inc. (Minneapolis, MN, USA). Common Laboratory Chemicals were purchased from Fisher Scientific or Sigma. Peptide was synthesized, per our amino acid sequence plan, by Chinese Peptides Company, (Hangzhou, China) and fully characterized by nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), carbon, hydrogen and nitrogen (C,H,N) composition analyses and by MALDI/FAB mass spectrometry. 111InCl3 (Nordion Inc., Ottawa, ON, Canada) was supplied by Nuclear and Energy Research Institute (IPEN)/CNEN, (São Paulo, Brazil). HPLC analysis were performed in a Shimadzu VP series equipment (Shimadzu, Japan) connected to radiation detector Flow Scintillation Analyzer, Radiomatic 610RT (PerkinElmer, Boston, MA, USA).
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2

Murine BMDM and J774A.1 Cell Culture

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Murine BMDMs and J774A.1 cells (ATCC, Manassas, VA, USA) were cultured in DMEM containing 10% FBS at 37°C in a humidified incubator supplemented with 5% CO2. In some experiments, BMDMs were cultured in glutamine-free DMEM medium for glutamine deprivation.
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3

Cell Culture of J774A.1 and N18 TG2 Cells

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J774A.1 cells were purchased from ATCC (Manassas, VI, USA) and N18 TG2 cells from the DSMZ (Braunschweig, Germany), Pregnant OF1/SPF mice were purchased from the Institute for Laboratory Zoology and Veterinary Genetics, Himberg (Austria). All cells were cultured in an incubator at 37 °C, with 5% CO2, and 100% humidity.
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4

Cytotoxicity Evaluation of Algae-NP-robot

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To evaluate cytotoxicity, J774A.1 cells (ATCC TIB-67) and NL20 cells (ATCC CRL-2503) were seeded in 96-well plates at 1× 104 cells per well. The cells were then incubated with algae-NP-robot with an algae/ cell ratio of 0.0625, 0.125, 0.25, 0.5, 1.0, 2.0, 4.0, 8.0, 16.0, 32.0, and 64.0 for 24 hours. CellTiter AQueous One Solution cell proliferation assay (Promega) was used to evaluate cell viability, according to the manufacturer’s instructions.
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5

Candida albicans Infection in Macrophages

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Mouse RAW264.7 cells and J774A.1 cells (ATCC, USA; Catalog#: TIB-71 and TIB-67) was cultured in high glucose Dulbecco’s Modified Eagle’s Medium (DMEM) (Invitrogen, USA; Catalog #: 220511) with 10% FBS (Gibco, USA; Catalog #: A31605), 100× penicillin-streptomycin (Thermo Fisher Scientific, USA; Catalog #: 10378016) at 37°C with 5% CO2. Before stimulating with C. albicans, the culture medium was replaced with fresh medium and 1 × 105 CFU of C. albicans suspended in DMEM was administered. The cells were cultured in the presence of C. albicans for 0, 1, 2, 6, 12, and 24 h. For co-treatment with C. albicans and miR-384-5p inhibitor, the RAW264.7 cells, and J774A.1 cells were treated with C. albicans for 24 h.
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6

Characterizing Macrophage Lipid Uptake

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BALB/c murine macrophage J774A.1 cells were obtained from ATCC (Manassas, VA) and cultured according to manufacturer’s instructions at 37 °C in 6-well tissue culture plates containing glass coverslips until reaching about 50% confluency. Then, cells were incubated for 6 h at 37 °C either with rho B-labeled GF9-HDL that contained Dylight 488-labeled GF9 and Dylight 405-labeled PE22 or with GA/E31-HDL that contained Dylight 488-labeled GE31. In colocalization experiments, TREM-1 staining was performed using an Alexa 647-labeled rat anti-mouse TREM-1 antibody (Bio-Rad, Hercules, CA) as previously described [40 (link)]. Coverslips were mounted using Prolong Gold anti-fade DAPI (4′,6-diamidino-2-phenylindole) mounting medium. Confocal imaging was performed using a Leica TCS SP5 II laser scanning confocal microscope as reported [40 (link)].
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7

Evaluating Anthrax Toxin Variants

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A mouse macrophage cell line (J774A.1 cells, ATCC TIB-67, Manassas, VA) were plated in 96-well flat-bottomed tissue culture plates at 2.5x104 cells/well in 50 μL and incubated for 16–19 hours at 37°C with 5% CO2. pp-PA83 variants were titrated on the plated cells in the presence or absence of LF (List Biological Laboratories, Campbell, CA). After a 4 hour incubation at 37°C with 5% CO2, cell viability was accessed by adding WST-1 (Roche Applied Sciences, Indianapolis, IN), a proliferation reagent, followed by a spectrophotometric measurement at 450 nm. A four-parameter logistic-log regression model was used to analyze the OD versus the PA83 concentration. The inflection point for each curve from this model is reported as showed the effective concentration 50% (EC50) in ng/mL of PA83 for the corresponding protein sample.
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8

Maintenance of Cell Lines for Experiments

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HEK293 cells (American Type Culture Consortium) were maintained in complete media (Dulbecco’s Modified Eagle’s Medium (DMEM)) supplemented with 10% heat-inactivated fetal bovine serum (FBS) and 1% penicillin/streptomycin at 37°C in 5% CO2. J774A.1 cells (female mouse macrophages, ATCC) were maintained in DMEM supplemented with 10% FBS and 1% penicillin/streptomycin. SH-SY5Y cells, (ATCC) were maintained in a 1:1 mixture of F-12K Medium (Kaighn’s Modification of Ham’s F-12 Medium) (Corning Inc., New York, NY, USA) and DMEM supplemented with 10% FBS and 1% penicillin/streptomycin.
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9

Culturing J774A.1 Macrophage Cells

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J774A.1 cells (ATCC, Manassas, VA, United States) were cultured in T25 flasks in Dulbecco’s Modified Eagle’s Medium (DMEM; Gibco, Thermo Fisher Scientific, Waltham, MA, United States) with 10% fetal bovine serum (Sigma-Aldrich, United States) and maintained at 37°C, 5% CO2. Cells were scraped using Teflon cell scraper from the T25 flasks and the final cell density of 2 to 4 × 105 cells/mL was adjusted using fresh DMEM. The cells were cultured for 48 h at 37°C until 60–80% confluent in a 6-well plate (each plate representing individual time point and concentration).
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10

Culturing Mouse Macrophage J774.A1 Cells

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Mouse macrophage J774.A1 cells (American Type Culture Collection, Manassas, VA, USA) were maintained in Dulbecco's modified Eagle's medium containing 10% (v/v) fetal bovine serum, 100 U/mL penicillin, and 100 U/mL Fungizone under 100% humidity and 5% CO2, at 37°C.
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