Analytical-grade reagents were used to determine the POD, CAT, SOD, MDA, proline, and chlorophyll levels (Sangon Biotech [Shanghai] Co., Ltd. or Solarbio Science and Technology [Shanghai] Co., Ltd.). All deuterated standards and calibration samples for determining the ABA, auxin, GA1, GA3, and GA7 levels were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MO, USA). Reagents for the high-performance liquid phase were sourced from Thermo Fisher Scientific Inc. Consumables such as petri dishes, agar, and sucrose for endophytic isolation and fermentation were purchased from Solarbio Science and Technology Co., Ltd. PDA, PDB, or water agar (WA) media were used. The PDB medium contained 200 g l−1 potato and 20 g l−1d -glucose. The PDA medium contained 200 g l−1 potato, 20 g l−1d -glucose and 15 g l−1 agar. The WA medium was prepared by adding 10 g agar to 1000 ml distilled water.
Agar
Manufactured by Solarbio
Sourced in China
Agar is a gelatinous substance derived from red algae. It is commonly used as a solidifying agent in microbiological culture media, allowing for the growth and isolation of bacteria and other microorganisms.
Automatically generated - may contain errors
Lab products found in correlation
Sucrose, by Solarbio (3 mentions)
Formic acid, by Thermo Fisher Scientific (3 mentions)
Peptone, by Thermo Fisher Scientific (2 mentions)
Sucrose, by Merck Group (2 mentions)
Sucrose, by Yuanye Bio-Technology (2 mentions)
Zeatin zt, by Yuanye Bio-Technology (2 mentions)
Thidiazuron tdz, by Solarbio (2 mentions)
Naphthaleneacetic acid naa, by Solarbio (2 mentions)
Indole acetic acid iaa, by Solarbio (2 mentions)
Kinetin kt, by Solarbio (2 mentions)
Trizol, by Thermo Fisher Scientific (2 mentions)
Deuterated standards, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
Yeast extract, by Solarbio (1 mentions)
600 spectrometer, by Bruker (1 mentions)
Confocal microscope, by Leica camera (1 mentions)
Microplate reader, by Tecan (1 mentions)
Phs 3c ph meter, by INESA (1 mentions)
Calcein, by Yeasen (1 mentions)
Soy peptone, by Sinopharm (1 mentions)
Tryptone, by Thermo Fisher Scientific (1 mentions)
26 protocols using agar
1
Quantification of Phytochemicals in Endophytes
2
Analytical Techniques for Fungal Research
Check if the same lab product or an alternative is used in the 5 most similar protocols
+ Expand
Unless otherwise noted, all the chemical reagents and solvents were purchased from commercial suppliers Maclin Biochemical Co., Ltd. (Shanghai, China) and Kermel Chemical Reagent Co., Ltd. (Tianjin, China) and used without further refinement. Pepton, yeast extract, and agar were purchased from Solarbio Science & Technology Co., Ltd. (Beijing, China). BiGGY (bismuth sulfite glucose glycine yeast) agar medium was obtained from Hope Bio-Technology Co., Ltd. (Qingdao, China).
1H-NMR and 13C-NMR spectra of synthesized products were measured on a Bruker-600 spectrometer (Bruker, Madison, WI, USA), using tetramethylsilane (TMS) as an internal standard. High-resolution mass spectra (HRMS) of synthesized products were measured using an AB SciexX500r TOF mass spectrometer (AB SCIEX, Framingham, MA, USA). The fluorescence microscopic images of fungal cells were obtained using a confocal microscope (Leica, Wetzlar, Germany). The fluorescence images of fungous colonies on agar plates were recorded using a fluorescence image analyzer (Amersham Typhoon, Tokyo, Japan). The bioassay solutions in 96-well plates were also analyzed using an microplate reader (Tecan, Männedorf, Switzerland). All pH measurements were taken using a pHS-3C pH meter (INESA, Shanghai, China).
1H-NMR and 13C-NMR spectra of synthesized products were measured on a Bruker-600 spectrometer (Bruker, Madison, WI, USA), using tetramethylsilane (TMS) as an internal standard. High-resolution mass spectra (HRMS) of synthesized products were measured using an AB SciexX500r TOF mass spectrometer (AB SCIEX, Framingham, MA, USA). The fluorescence microscopic images of fungal cells were obtained using a confocal microscope (Leica, Wetzlar, Germany). The fluorescence images of fungous colonies on agar plates were recorded using a fluorescence image analyzer (Amersham Typhoon, Tokyo, Japan). The bioassay solutions in 96-well plates were also analyzed using an microplate reader (Tecan, Männedorf, Switzerland). All pH measurements were taken using a pHS-3C pH meter (INESA, Shanghai, China).
3
Heavy Metal Contaminated Mushroom Strain Isolation
Check if the same lab product or an alternative is used in the 5 most similar protocols
+ Expand
The P. pulmonarius MT strain (CCTCC M 2021011) obtained via tissue isolation from an abandoned cultivation base for edible mushrooms contaminated with HMs (Changsha, Hunan Province, China) was used in this study. This strain was stored in the China Center for Type Culture Collection, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China, and has been filed for Chinese patent application (application no. 202110040646.2, State Intellectual Property Office of P. R. China). The hypha was initially incubated at 25 °C for 2 weeks in potato dextrose agar (PDA) containing 12 g/L potato extract, 20 g/L glucose, and 20 g/L agar (Solarbio, China).
Furthermore, 99.4% wheat grains boiled in water for 0.5 h, 0.3% calcium carbonate (CaCO3), and 0.3% calcium sulfate (CaSO4) (w/w) were mixed as substrates for strain cultivation. Substrates were packed in glass bottles, and 6 mm hypha blocks were transplanted on the substrates. The cultivation strain was incubated at 25 °C until the grains were completely covered with hypha.
Deionized water was used during all experiments. The As and Cd concentrations were controlled in PDA, potato dextrose broth (PDB), wheat grains, cottonseeds hull, corncob, and unpolluted soil (As ≤ 1 ppm; Cd ≤ 1 ppm; dry weight).
Furthermore, 99.4% wheat grains boiled in water for 0.5 h, 0.3% calcium carbonate (CaCO3), and 0.3% calcium sulfate (CaSO4) (w/w) were mixed as substrates for strain cultivation. Substrates were packed in glass bottles, and 6 mm hypha blocks were transplanted on the substrates. The cultivation strain was incubated at 25 °C until the grains were completely covered with hypha.
Deionized water was used during all experiments. The As and Cd concentrations were controlled in PDA, potato dextrose broth (PDB), wheat grains, cottonseeds hull, corncob, and unpolluted soil (As ≤ 1 ppm; Cd ≤ 1 ppm; dry weight).
4
Assessing Safety and Efficacy of DM and PA in AD C. elegans
Check if the same lab product or an alternative is used in the 5 most similar protocols
+ Expand
The strain CL2006 was propagated at 20˚C, and the strain CL4176 was propagated at 16˚C. All C. elegans strains were routinely propagated on solid nematode growth medium (NGM; consisting of 300 ml deionized water including 0.82 g peptone, Oxoid Limited; Thermo Fisher Scientific; 1.2 g NaCl, Tianjin Fengchuan Chemical Reagent Co., Ltd.; 5.15 g agar, Beijing Solarbio Science & Technology Co., Ltd.; autoclaved and supplemented 1 mM MgSO4, 1 mM CaCl2, Tianjin Fengchuan Chemical Reagent Co., Ltd.; 12.9 mM cholesterol solution, MACKLIN) with E. coli OP50 as a food source. C. elegans was treated with sodium hypochlorite, and synchronized larvae (L1 stage) were obtained after eggs were incubated overnight in M9 buffer (containing 22 mM KH2PO4, 42 mM Na2HPO4, autoclaved and supplemented with 1 mM MgSO4; all the reagents were from Tianjin Fengchuan Chemical Reagent Co., Ltd.) for experiment. Transgenic C. elegans strains CL2006 and CL4176 were used as AD animal models. C. elegans were randomly divided into control and drug pretreatment groups. The preparation was dissolved in 0.1% DMSO and diluted with ultrapure water to the appropriate concentration. Based on a previous study (31 (link)), various concentrations of DM (0.125, 0.25, 0.5, 1, 2 mM) and PA (0.125, 0.25, 0.5, 1 mM) were used to assess safety and efficacy in C. elegans.
5
Arabidopsis Seedling Growth and Marker Analysis
Check if the same lab product or an alternative is used in the 5 most similar protocols
+ Expand
Arabidopsis thaliana accessions Col-0 is the wild-type genotype. The marker lines pDR5:GUS (Ulmasov et al., 1997 ), pDR5:Lucifease (Moreno-Risueno et al., 2010) , pCYCB1;1:GUS (Himanen et al., 2002 ), pGATA23:nls-GUS (De Rybel et al., 2010) , pPIN1:PIN1:GFP (Benkova et al., 2003) , pPIN2:PIN2:GFP (Blilou et al., 2005) , pPIN3:PIN3:GFP (Zadnikova et al., 2010) , pPIN7:PIN7:GFP (Blilou et al., 2005) and the mutant lines tir1afb2 (Dharmasiri et al., 2005) , slr-1/iaa14 (Fukaki et al., 2002) , arf7arf19 (Okushima et al., 2007) , aux1-7 (Pickett et al., 1990) , pin2 (Roman et al., 1995) , pin3 (salk_005544) were used in this study. After 2-3 d of stratification at 4°C in the dark, Arabidopsis seeds were surface-sterilized with 30% (v/v) NaClO solution for 10 min. The seeds were germinated and grown on Agar plates containing Murashige and Skoog Basal Salts Mixture (MS salts, PhytoTech LABS) in square Petri plates (10 ×10 cm). Standard growth medium consisted of 0.5 × MS salts (2.15 g l -1 ), 0.1g l -1 Myo-inositol, 0.5g l -1 2-(N-morpholino) ethanesulfonic acid (MES), 1% sucrose (pH 5.7), and 1% Agar (Solarbio). Plants were vertically placed at an angle of 65° in a plant growth chamber, under a long-day photoperiod ( 16h: 8 h, light: dark), with a light intensity of 100 μmol m -2 s -1 , at 22 °C. After 3 d of growth, the seedlings were applied for further experiments.
6
Characterization of Biosynthesized AgNPs
Check if the same lab product or an alternative is used in the 5 most similar protocols
+ Expand
AgNPs (⌀5 and 50 nm) were purchased from Xi’an Ruixi Biological Technology Co., Ltd. (Xi’an City, China). Triton™ X100, sodium lauryl sulfate and soy peptone were purchased from Sinopharm Chemical Reagent Co., Ltd. (China). Agar, pepsin, and Masson’s trichrome staining reagent were purchased from Solarbio Science and Technology Co., Ltd. (Beijing, China). Tryptone was purchased from OXOID (Shanghai, China), calcein was purchased from Yeasen Biotech Co., Ltd. (Shanghai, China), and Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK8) was obtained from APExBIO Technology, LLC (USA). Trypsin was purchased from Sigma–Aldrich (USA). The 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) reagent was purchased from GlpBio (USA).
7
Quantifying E. coli LPS Activation
Check if the same lab product or an alternative is used in the 5 most similar protocols
+ Expand
LPS is a key virulence factor of Escherichia coli (E. coli) that triggers innate immune responses via activation of the toll-like receptor 4 signaling pathway (39 (link)). To identify, whether E. coli contributes to activating the LPS, the batch cultivation for E. coli was carried out in Luria broth (LB) medium at 37°C with a 2-L working volume. LB medium was from recipe of Miller (5 g yeast extract, 10 g peptone tryptone, 10 g NaCl) (40 (link)). The pH was maintained at 6.95 automatically by titration with 5% H2SO4 or 5% NaOH. ampicillin was added to control the growth of other bacteria. Peptone tryptone and yeast extract were from OXOID, NaCl from Sigma, agar, and ampicillin from Solarbio (life sciences). The medium was made in distilled water and autoclaved under standard conditions. Dissolved oxygen in the culture was maintained at 40% saturation automatically by varying the speed of impeller rotation. Culture growth (OD600) was monitored with a DU640 Spectrophotometer (Beckman). Further, E. coli was cultured onto the Petri dishes for 24h at 37°C. The CFU/g stool for E. coli from the Petri dishes was counted.
8
Arsenic-tolerant Trametes versicolor Strain
Check if the same lab product or an alternative is used in the 5 most similar protocols
+ Expand
The T. versicolor HN01 strain (CCTCC M 2021010)obtained by tissue isolation of the sporocarp of a wild Trametes species from decaying wood of a willow tree in Ju zi zhou tou (Changsha, Hunan Province, China), was used in this study. This strain was stored in the China Center for Type Culture Collection, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China. The isolated tissue was incubated in the dark at 24°C for 10 days with potato dextrose agar (PDA) as medium.
After NaAsO2 (CAS7784465, Sigma-Aldrich, USA) been pre-dried to achieve constant weight, 8.6699 g sample was dissolved in 100 mL of deionized water, 50 g/L of As III solution was prepared and stored at 4 °C.
PDA containing 12 g/L potato extract, 20 g/L glucose, and 20 g/L agar (Solarbio, China) was utilized as incubation medium. Deionized water was used during all experiments. The As concentration was controlled in PDA and water(As ≤ 1 mg/kg, dw).
After NaAsO2 (CAS7784465, Sigma-Aldrich, USA) been pre-dried to achieve constant weight, 8.6699 g sample was dissolved in 100 mL of deionized water, 50 g/L of As III solution was prepared and stored at 4 °C.
PDA containing 12 g/L potato extract, 20 g/L glucose, and 20 g/L agar (Solarbio, China) was utilized as incubation medium. Deionized water was used during all experiments. The As concentration was controlled in PDA and water(As ≤ 1 mg/kg, dw).
9
Calcium Sensing in Arabidopsis Plants
Check if the same lab product or an alternative is used in the 5 most similar protocols
+ Expand
Lines of Arabidopsis thaliana ecotype Col-0 constitutively expressing the intracellular Ca2+ indicator AEQ (pMAQ2; a gift from Marc R. Knight) or Cameleon (YC3.6; a gift from Simon Gilroy) were used. Plants homozygous for the AEQ-transgenic Arabidopsis plant were selected from the second generation after transformation (T1 plants). One such plant, expressing a high level of AEQ, was selected for subsequent experiments.
Plants were grown in soil or in medium containing Murashige and Skoog salts (MS; PhytoTechnology Laboratories), 3% (w/v) sucrose (Sigma), and 0.6% agar (Solarbio) in controlled environmental rooms at 20 ± 2 °C. The fluency rate of white light was ~ 80–100 μmol m−2 s−1. The photoperiod was 16 h light/8 h dark. Seeds were sown on MS medium, placed at 4 °C for 3 days in the dark, and then transferred to growth rooms.
Plants were grown in soil or in medium containing Murashige and Skoog salts (MS; PhytoTechnology Laboratories), 3% (w/v) sucrose (Sigma), and 0.6% agar (Solarbio) in controlled environmental rooms at 20 ± 2 °C. The fluency rate of white light was ~ 80–100 μmol m−2 s−1. The photoperiod was 16 h light/8 h dark. Seeds were sown on MS medium, placed at 4 °C for 3 days in the dark, and then transferred to growth rooms.
10
Soft Agar Assay for Cell Transformation
Check if the same lab product or an alternative is used in the 5 most similar protocols
+ Expand
The soft agar assay was performed according to a published protocol [23 (link)]. Briefly, 1.2% agar (Solarbio) was added to a six-well plate (3516; Corning
Incorporated) as a bottom layer, which was then kept at 4°C until the agar solidified. Subsequently, 5 × 104 cells were suspended in 1 ml of 0.6% noble agar (Solarbio) in DMEM/F12
medium and placed on the wells. The cells were cultured in an atmosphere of 5% CO2 at 37°C overnight, and complete DMEM/F12 medium was added. Cells were treated with complete
medium once per week, and colony growth was evaluated for the next two weeks. Cell clumps greater than 100 μm were considered colonies and were photographed using an inverted optical
microscope.
Incorporated) as a bottom layer, which was then kept at 4°C until the agar solidified. Subsequently, 5 × 104 cells were suspended in 1 ml of 0.6% noble agar (Solarbio) in DMEM/F12
medium and placed on the wells. The cells were cultured in an atmosphere of 5% CO2 at 37°C overnight, and complete DMEM/F12 medium was added. Cells were treated with complete
medium once per week, and colony growth was evaluated for the next two weeks. Cell clumps greater than 100 μm were considered colonies and were photographed using an inverted optical
microscope.
About PubCompare
Our mission is to provide scientists with the largest repository of trustworthy protocols and intelligent analytical tools, thereby offering them extensive information to design robust protocols aimed at minimizing the risk of failures.
We believe that the most crucial aspect is to grant scientists access to a wide range of reliable sources and new useful tools that surpass human capabilities.
However, we trust in allowing scientists to determine how to construct their own protocols based on this information, as they are the experts in their field.
Ready to get started?
Sign up for free.
Registration takes 20 seconds.
Available from any computer
No download required
Revolutionizing how scientists
search and build protocols!