Calcein acetoxymethyl ester calcein am

Melanin and propidium iodide (PI) were purchased from Sigma Aldrich (St. Louis, MO, USA). 1,2-dipalmitoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphatidylcholine (DPPC), 1,2-distearoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine-N-[methoxy (polyethylene glycol)-2000] (DSPE-mPEG2000) and cholesterol were purchased from Avanti Polar Lipids, Inc. (Alabaster, AL, USA). Calcein acetoxymethyl ester (Calcein-AM) was purchased from Santa Cruz Biotechnology (TX, USA). Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) was purchased from Dojindo (Japan). 1,1'-dioctadecyl-3,3,3',3'-tetramethylindocarbocyanine perchlorate (DiI), 2-(4-Amidinophenyl)-6-indolecarbamidinedihydrochloride (DAPI) and 1,1'-dioctadecyl-3,3,3',3'-tetramethylindotricarbocyanine iodide (DiR) were obtained from Beyotime Technology. Deionized water was obtained from a Millipore water purification system. All reagents were used without further purification.

SNX-2112 was purchased from Selleck chemicals (USA). Apoptosis Detection kit was purchased from Biosea Biotechnology (Beijing, China). Calcein acetoxymethyl ester (Calcein-AM) and propidium iodide (PI) Double Stain Kit were purchased from Santa Cruz Biotechnology Inc. (USA). 2.7-dichlorofluorescein diacetate (DCFH-DA) ROS assay kit was purchased from Applygen (Beijing, China). Cell Counting kit (CCK)-8 was bought from Beyotime Institute of Biotechnology (Nantong, China). N-acetylcysteine (NAC) was procured from Sigma-Aldrich (USA). Antibodies against the proteins studied were sourced as follows: PERK, CHOP, Bax, Bcl-2, and β-actin from Cell Signaling Technology (Beverly, USA); HRP-conjugated secondary antibody from Santa Cruz Biotechnology (Santa Cruz, USA); and Anti-PCNA from Proteintech (Chicago, USA). Terminal deoxyribonucleotide transferase-mediated nick-end labeling (TUNEL) assay In Situ Cell Death Detection Kit was obtained from Roche (Mannheim, Germany).