Discovery qdr 4500a densitometer

Lumbar spine and femur were thawed at room temperature. Ex vivo measurements of bone mineral component (BMC) and areal BMD (aBMD) for the lumbar spine and femur were determined using the Hologic Discovery A Bone Densitometer (Hologic Discovery QDR 4500A densitometer, Hologic Inc., Bedford, Massachusetts, USA).

Body composition measurements were performed at CNRC. Whole‐body fat mass (FM) and lean mass (LM), as well as aBMD of the whole body, the L1 to L4 vertebrae (each vertebra separately and of the whole lumbar spine), the femoral neck and total hip in both legs were measured by DXA (Hologic Discovery QDR 4500A densitometer; Hologic, Inc, Bedford, MA, USA). T‐scores were calculated for each site, and the participants were classified as in the normal, osteopenic, or osteoporotic range, according to the lowest T‐score value of the lumbar spine, femoral neck, and total hip of both legs.⁽²³⁾

BMD was measured using dual X-ray absorptiometry (DXA). DXA scans of hip (femoral neck) were carried out using a Hologic QDR-Discovery A densitometer (Hologic Discovery QDR 4500A densitometer, Hologic Inc., Bedford, MA, USA). BMD was determined and women were classified into normal or low BMD according to the World Health Organization (WHO) classification. WHO provides an operational definition of osteoporosis based on T-score, where the T-score is the number of the standard deviation below of the mean peak BMD for young-adults. Women with a BMD 2.5 standard deviations below are classified as osteoporotic. In this study, participants in the entire cohort were classified into two groups according to bone status: (1) low BMD = women with a T-score < −1, and (2) normal BMD = women with a T-score > −1.0. Further, a selected subset of participants were also classified into two groups: (1) osteoporosis = women with a T-score < −2.5, and (2) normal BMD: women with T-score > −0.1 [24 ].