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43 protocols using multimode microplate reader

1

GDF-15 Modulates Rotenone-Induced Cytotoxicity

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Cells (5 × 104 cells/well) were seeded in a 96-well plate and grown overnight. Next, cells were treated with vehicle, rotenone (1 μM), and 0–100 ng/ml recombinant human GDF-15 (57-GD-025, R&D Systems, United States). Cell viability was detected using a Cell Counting Kit (CCK) 8 assay (A311-02, Vazyme, Nanjing, China). Briefly, after 24 h, 10 μL of CCK8 solution was added to each well and the incubation continued for another 4 h at 37°C. Absorbance was measured using a multimode microplate reader (Thermo Fisher Scientific Inc., MA, United States) at 450 nm. Cell viability was expressed as a percentage relative to the absorbance of control cells.
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2

Evaluating Endothelial Permeability via FITC-Dextran

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Endothelial permeability assays were performed using FITC-dextran (70 kDa) extravasation for quantification across HBMECs seeded in transwell chambers, as previously described [16 (link)]. Briefly, HBMECs were seeded at 1×105 cells/well in 200 μL of complete ECM in 24-well polycarbonate transwell chambers with 0.4 μm pores. After 48 h, the cells were cultured until they reached confluence and were treated with or without OGD/R, bFGF, PD173074, and PD98059. The medium was replaced with medium containing 1% FITC-dextran (1 mg/mL), and the cells were incubated for 4 h. Finally, the relative fluorescence was measured that crossed the lower chamber using a multimode microplate reader (Thermo Fisher Scientific, Waltham, MA, USA) at wavelengths of 485 nm for excitation and 520 nm for emission.
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Cell Viability Assessed by CCK-8

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CCK8 assay was applied to measure the viability of CHON-001 cells. Cell were seeded into 96-well plates and then incubated with CCK-8 solution (Beyotime, Shanghai, China) at 37 °C for 2 h. MultiMode Microplate Reader (Thermo Fisher Scientific) was applied to collect and analyze the signal about the absorbance at 450 nm.
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4

Cell Viability Assay of PMNs

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A Cell-Counting Kit 8 (CCK8; Beyotime Biotechnology, China) was used to test relative cell viability according to the manufacturer’s instructions. Briefly, PMNs were seeded in 96-well plates (2 × 103 cells/well), which were divided into ATA-treated groups (containing PMNs with ATA concentrations of 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, and 30 μM), control group, and blank group with five holes in each group. The control group contained PMNs and medium, and the blank group only contained medium. After 3 h incubation, 10 μl CCK-8 solution was added and incubated in the incubator for 1 h. The absorbance at 450 nm was determined in a multimode microplate reader (Thermo Fisher Scientific, USA).
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5

UV Absorbance Spectra of Cu-Glu Complexes

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The ultraviolet (UV) absorbance spectra of Cu Glu in deionized water, free PSD in DMSO, Cu2+–PSD complex in DMSO and PSD LPs in deionized water were obtained using a multimode microplate reader (Thermo Scientific, USA) within the wavelength range of 400–650 nm.
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Enzymatic Cholesterol Quantification in Cells

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An enzymatic assay was used for determining the content of total cholesterol and free cholesterol levels of cells according to the manufacturer’s instructions (Applygen Technologies, E1015 and E1016, Beijing). Briefly, cells were washed with PBS to remove the remaining serum from the culture medium and then added with lysis buffer in the kit. The working solution and cholesterol standard substance were diluted. After incubation at 37 °C for 20 min, OD values were measured at 550 nm by multimode microplate reader (Thermo Fisher, USA) to calculate cholesterol content.
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7

Evaluating Anti-Parkinsonism Agents using 6-OHDA-Induced PC-12 Cell Toxicity

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The PC-12 cells were obtained from Hunan Fenghui Biotechnology Co., Ltd. (Changsha, China). The 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA) was used because it is a toxic oxidative metabolite of dopamine and has been used effectively to evaluate potential anti-Parkinsonism agents [53 (link)]. The cells were cultured in DMEM supplemented with 5% FBS and 1% penicillin-streptomycin, and maintained at 37 °C with 5% CO2. The cells were trypsinized when they achieved over 90% growth on the bottom and seeded in 96-well microplates (1 × 104 cells/well) to incubate in the same medium and environment as above. After being cultured for 24 h, PC-12 cells were treated with 100 μL of each test compound at various concentrations (25 μM, 50 μM and 100 μM) for 2 h, and then the cells were incubated with 6-OHDA for another 24 h. At the same time, rasagiline was used as the positive control in this experiment because safinamide failed to exhibit significant protective effects on PC-12 cells as rasagiline. The optical densities were measured at 450 nm using a multimode microplate reader (Thermo Fisher, Waltham, MA, USA).
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Assessing Cell Viability with Crystal Violet

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HP14-19-CD cells were infected with adenovirus Ad-Cre (12 (link)) to remove the HSV-tk gene, then cultured in complete Dulbecco's modified Eagle's medium with 10% FBS containing various concentrations (0, 0.1, 0.2, 0.5, 1, 2, 5 and 10 µg/ml) of GCV (Sigma-Aldrich; Merck KGaA, Darmstadt, Germany). HP14-19 and HP14-19-CD cells were treated with various concentrations (0, 10, 20, 40 and 80 µg/ml) of 5-FC (Sigma-Aldrich; Merck KGaA). HP14-19-CD cells which were infected with Ad-green fluorescent protein served as control group. Crystal violet staining was performed in order to assess cell viability. Cells were incubated in 24-well plates at 2.0×104 cells/well and analyzed after 1 week. Briefly, the culture medium was removed and the cells were fixed with 4% paraformaldehyde at room temperature for 10 min, then stained with 0.05% crystal violet for 30 min. Following washing with tap water, cells were dried on filter paper. The blue dye was dissolved in 500 µl methanol and determined at an excitation wavelength of 540 nm using a Multimode Microplate Reader (Thermo Fisher Scientific, Inc.). Three independent experiments were performed in triplicate. The mean and standard deviation were calculated.
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9

Thyroid Cancer Cell Line Assays

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The thyroid cancer cell lines BCPAP and KHM-5M were purchased from the Cell Culture Collection of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (Shanghai, China), and both were cultured in RPMI-1640 (Gibco) with 10% fetal bovine serum (Gibco). Cells were cultivated at 37 °C with 5% CO2. For colony formation assay, cells were seeded in 6-wells plate for 2 weeks. Colonies were then fixed with 4% paraformaldehyde for 15 min and stained with crystal violet for 10 min. For cell proliferation assay, cells were plated in 96-well plates, and incubated with Cell Counting kit-8 assay (CCK8, Dojindo Laboratories) for 2 h. We recorded the absorbance of each well with a Multimode Microplate Reader (Thermo).
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10

ABTS Radical Scavenging Assay Protocol

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The radical scavenging activities of crude PCPP and PCPP-1a against ABTS+ were measured by an ABTS assay kit using the method in line with the manufacturer's instructions. Absorbance was measured at 414 nm using a microplate reader in a Multimode Microplate Reader (Thermo Scientific, USA), with Trolox as an antioxidant standard. The antioxidant activity of the sample was calculated using ABTSscavengingeffect%=ABAA×100AB where AB and AA represent the absorbance values of the blank and of the tested samples, respectively.
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