Rhodamine b

Manufactured by Merck Group

Sourced in United States, Germany, United Kingdom, Spain, India, China, Singapore, Canada, Sao Tome and Principe, Italy, Australia, Netherlands, Brazil, France, Poland, Belgium

Rhodamine B is a fluorescent dye commonly used in various laboratory applications. It is a synthetic organic compound that exhibits strong absorption and emission properties, making it a useful tool in various analytical and research techniques. Rhodamine B is known for its bright reddish-pink color and its ability to fluoresce when exposed to specific wavelengths of light.

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Lab products found in correlation

Methylene blue, by Merck Group (32 mentions) Sodium hydroxide (naoh), by Merck Group (24 mentions) Hydrochloric acid (hcl), by Merck Group (19 mentions) Ethanol, by Merck Group (19 mentions) Fetal bovine serum (fbs), by Thermo Fisher Scientific (19 mentions) Methyl orange, by Merck Group (18 mentions) Acetone, by Merck Group (16 mentions) Sodium chloride (nacl), by Merck Group (13 mentions) Dimethyl sulfoxide (dmso), by Merck Group (13 mentions) Nile red, by Merck Group (12 mentions) Acetic acid, by Merck Group (11 mentions) Methanol, by Merck Group (11 mentions) Fluorescein, by Merck Group (10 mentions) Silver nitrate, by Merck Group (10 mentions) Crystal violet, by Merck Group (9 mentions) Phosphate buffered saline (pbs), by Merck Group (9 mentions) Phosphate buffered saline (pbs), by Thermo Fisher Scientific (9 mentions) Fluorescein isothiocyanate (fitc), by Merck Group (8 mentions) Potassium chloride (kcl), by Merck Group (8 mentions) Sodium borohydride, by Merck Group (8 mentions)

507 protocols using rhodamine b

Rhodamine-Labeled Poloxamer Synthesis

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Poloxamer 407 coupled with rhodamine B (Sigma-Aldrich, USA) was synthesized using the Steglich esterification method [18] . Briefly, rhodamine B (0.2 mM) preactivated with N,Ndicyclohexylcarbodiimide (DCC) (Sigma-Aldrich, USA) (0.2 mM) was conjugated to the hydroxyl (OH) groups of Poloxamer (0.1 mM) in dichloromethane (DCM) (20 mL) including 4-(dimethylamino) pyridine (DMAP) (0.2 mM), triethylamine (0.1 mL), and pyridine (0.1 mL) (Sigma-Aldrich, USA). The solution was stirred at room temperature for 1 day. After the reaction, the solution was filtered and the solvent evaporated under reduced pressure. The resulting light pink solid was then dissolved in PBS and the excess rhodamine B and other reactants were removed from conjugated poloxamer using benzoylated dialysis tubing (Sigma-Aldrich, MWCO 2 KDa).
Dialysis was performed against PBS, pH 7.4, for 3 days. The dialysis was stopped when no rhodamine B was detected in the dialysis buffer.

Loureiro A., Nogueira E., Azoia N.G., Sárria M.P., Abreu A.S., Shimanovich U., Rollett A., Härmark J., Hebert H., Guebitz G., Bernardes G.J.L., Preto A., Gomes A.C, & Cavaco-Paulo A. (2015). Size controlled protein nanoemulsions for active targeting of folate receptor positive cells. Colloids and surfaces. B, Biointerfaces, 135.

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Synthesis of Rhodamine-Labeled PEFSU Polymer

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Rho-acNPs polymer synthesis was carried out following a procedure as described^{61 (link)}. 25% PEFSU polymer was covalently coupled with a fluorescent dye, rhodamine B. Briefly, rhodamine B (Sigma Aldrich, Cat #83689) and 4-(Dimethylamino)pyridine (DMAP) (Sigma Aldrich, Cat # 522805) were dissolved in dry dichloromethane at room temperature under argon atmosphere. After 40 min of stirring, 1-(3-Dimethylaminopropyl)−3-ethylcarbodiimide hydrochloride (EDCI. HCl) (Biosynth, Cat # FD05800) dissolved in dry dichloromethane was added to the reaction medium cooled in an ice bath. After another 40 min under stirring, 25% PEFSU polymer dissolved in dry dichloromethane was added. The reaction medium was kept under stirring for 2 days in an argon atmosphere at room temperature. The extraction was carried out with aqueous solutions of saturated sodium bicarbonate and excess water removed with brine. The fluorescent product was then purified through silica gel column chromatography using dichloromethane/methanol as the elution solvent.

Zeng J., Acin-Perez R., Assali E.A., Martin A., Brownstein A.J., Petcherski A., Fernández-del-Rio L., Xiao R., Lo C.H., Shum M., Liesa M., Han X., Shirihai O.S, & Grinstaff M.W. (2023). Restoration of lysosomal acidification rescues autophagy and metabolic dysfunction in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. Nature Communications, 14, 2573.

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Wheat Flour Dough Microstructure Analysis

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Epifluorescence light microscopy (EFLM) was used to characterize the microstructure of wheat flour dough with different levels of tomato seed flour addition. Dough microstructure was analyzed using a Motic AE 31 inverted microscope (Motic, Optic Industrial Group, Xiamen, China) operated by catadioptric objectives LWD PH 203 (N.A. 0.4). A thin portion was cut from the dough sample and dipped in a fixing solution composed of 1% rhodamine B and 0.5% fluorescein (FITC) in 2-methoxyethanol obtained from Sigma-Aldrich, Germany for at least 1 h. fluorescein and rhodamine B was used as two fluorescent dyes specific for detecting starch and proteins in the dough samples. fluorescein detects starch and rhodamine B proteins from the dough system. The EFLM images were analyzed using ImageJ (v. 1.45, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA) software according to Peighambardoust et al. [44 (link)] and Codină and Mironeasa [45 ,46 (link)].

Mironeasa S, & Codină G.G. (2019). Dough Rheological Behavior and Microstructure Characterization of Composite Dough with Wheat and Tomato Seed Flours. Foods, 8(12), 626.

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In vivo Platelet and Leukocyte Visualization

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Citrate-anticoagulated whole blood was collected by intracardial puncture on anaesthesized mice. Platelet count was determined by using an automatic cell counter (KX-21, Sysmex, Germany). Platelets were isolated and labeled with rhodamine B (20 μg/mL) (Sigma-Aldrich, USA).^{40 (link)} The labeled platelet suspension was adjusted to a final concentration of 150 × 10³ platelets/μL and 250 μL suspension was injected i.v. via a jugular vein catheter. To characterize platelet leukocyte interactions in vivo, acridine orange (50 μg/μL, 50 μL per mouse, Sigma-Aldrich, USA) stained leukocytes and ex vivo rhodamine B labeled platelets were imaged simultaneously. In vivo neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) were stained with SYTOX orange (5 μM, 50 μL per mouse, Thermo Fisher Scientific, USA).^{41 (link)} NETs and leukocytes were imaged simultaneously.

Ascher S., Wilms E., Pontarollo G., Formes H., Bayer F., Müller M., Malinarich F., Grill A., Bosmann M., Saffarzadeh M., Brandão I., Groß K., Kiouptsi K., Kittner J.M., Lackner K.J., Jurk K, & Reinhardt C. (2020). The gut microbiota restricts NETosis in acute mesenteric ischemia-reperfusion injury. Arteriosclerosis, thrombosis, and vascular biology, 40(9), 2279-2292.

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Rhodamine B-Olive Oil Agar Lipase Assay

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Rhodamine B and olive oil agar plates (ME (30 g/L), 1 % olive oil, 0.001 % Rhodamine B (Sigma, Tunis, Tunisia), and 1.5 % agar (Difco, Tunis, Tunisia) were used for the detection of lipase activity. After 7 days of incubation at 30 °C, the culture plates were revealed under 365 nm light and the activity was determined by visual evaluation of fluorescence intensity (Kouker and Jaeger 1987 (link)).

Daâssi D., Zouari-Mechichi H., Belbahri L., Barriuso J., Martínez M.J., Nasri M, & Mechichi T. (2016). Phylogenetic and metabolic diversity of Tunisian forest wood-degrading fungi: a wealth of novelties and opportunities for biotechnology. 3 Biotech, 6(1), 46.

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Trace-Level Gold Quantification in Aqueous Solutions

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All chemicals were of analytical-reagent grade (Merck, Darmstadt, Gemany). Ultrapure quality water (resistivity 18.2 MΩ cm -1 ) used throughout the experiments was obtained by reverse osmosis system (Human Corp., Seoul, Korea).
The working and reference solutions were prepared daily by the dilution of commercial stock solutions (1000 ± 4.0 mg L -1 ) of gold purchased from Fluka, Germany.
Rhodamine B solution (5.8 × 10 -5 mol L -1 ) was prepared by dissolving solid Rhodamine B (Merck) in chloroform. The Rhodamine B solution was prepared freshly.
0.1 mol L -1 HCl solution was prepared from concentrated HCl (d 1,18 g/mL, 37% ) purchased from Sigma Aldrich.
The laboratory glassware and conical-bottom polypropylene tube were kept overnight in a 10% HCl solution. Before use, all of the glassware and conical-bottom polypropylene tube were washed with UP water and dried.

Hol A., Kartal A.A., Akdogan A., Elçi A., Arslan T, & Elçi L. (2015). Ion pair-dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction coupled to microsample injection system-flame atomic absorption spectrometry for determination of gold at trace level in real samples. Acta chimica Slovenica, 62(1).

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Microstructural Analysis of Fermented Goat Milk

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Microstructures of the fermented goat milk samples were analyzed according to the method of Mokoonlall et al. (2016c) and Krzeminski et al. (2011) using an FV3000 confocal laser scanning microscope (Olympus Corp., Tokyo, Japan) with a 63× oil immersion objective. The excitation wavelengths of 543 and 654 nm were provided by krypton-argon laser. Rhodamine B (Sigma-Aldrich, St. Louis, MO) was solubilized in distilled water at a level of 0.012 g/100 g, and V03-01136 Fat Red (Dyomics, Jena, Germany) was dissolved in polyethylene glycol 200 (Sigma-Aldrich) at 0.02 g/100 g. Rhodamine B and V03-01136 were used to stain for protein and fat, respectively. Protein and fat were red and green in the confocal laser scanning microscopy software.

Wang H., Wang C.N, & Guo M.R. (2019). Effects of addition of strawberry juice pre- or postfermentation on physiochemical and sensory properties of fermented goat milk. Journal of dairy science, 102(6).

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Fabrication of Organic Solvent Nanofiltration Membranes

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HP-β-CD was purchased from Shandong Binzhou Zhiyuan Biotechnology Co. Ltd. (Shandong, China). Pebax 2533 was commercially supplied by Arkema Inc. (France). TDI and n-heptane were obtained from Fuchen Chemical Reagent Co. Ltd. (Tianjin, China). Evans blue (EB), methyl blue (MB), Congo red (CR), acid fuchsin (AF), Eriochrome black T (EBT), and rhodamine B (RB) were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (USA). Absolute ethanol, methanol, n-butanol, cyclohexane, and n-hexane were provided by Tianjin Kermel Chemistry Co., Ltd. (Tianjin, China). The commercial PS ultrafiltration membrane with a molecular weight cut-off (MWCO) of 2 × 10⁵ kDa was provided by Beijing Separate Equipment Co. Ltd. (Beijing, China) and used as a substrate membrane to fabricate the OSN membranes. Before being used, the PS substrate membrane was soaked in anhydrous ethanol for 24 h and dried naturally at room temperature. Deionized (DI) water (18.25 MΩ cm) was used throughout all the experiments.

Jia M., Liang Y., Liu Z., Liu Y., Zhang X, & Guo H. (2022). Hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin-incorporated Pebax composite membrane for improved permselectivity in organic solvent nanofiltration. RSC Advances, 12(26), 16893-16902.

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Microstructure Analysis of Raw Noodles

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The microstructure of raw noodles was studied using confocal scanning laser microscopy (CSLM). Raw noodles were sliced using a cryostat (CM3050 S, Leica, Cryostat, Nussloch, Germany) to 50 μm thickness at −20 °C and mounted on glass slides. The sliced noodle sections were stained with 10 μL of a 0.25% w/v fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC; Sigma-Aldrich, Saint Louis, MO, USA) and 0.025% w/v Rhodamine B (RB; Sigma-Aldrich, Saint Louis, MO, USA) mixture for a minimum of 10 min and covered with a coverslip [20 (link)]. The stained samples were observed using a confocal scanning laser microscope (FluoView 3000 Inverted, Olympus, Allentown, PA, USA) at excitation wavelengths of 488 and 561 nm for FITC and RB, respectively, at 20× magnification. Starch granules were stained green by FITC and protein was stained red/orange/yellow by RB, depending on the degree of co-localisation. A minimum of six slices for each sample imaged at various X-Y positions (fixed Z-depth) were taken to capture a representative image.

Wee M.S, & Jeyakumar Henry C. (2019). Effects of Transglutaminase on the Protein Network and In Vitro Starch Digestibility of Asian Wheat Noodles. Foods, 8(12), 607.

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Co-feeding transmission of R. felis

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To distinguish R. felis-infected donor and uninfected recipient fleas in the bioassay, rhodamine B (RB) (Sigma-Aldrich, St. Louis, MO) was used as a biomarker (Hirunkanokpun et al. 2011 (link)). The donor fleas were fed a R. felis str. LSU-Lb infected bloodmeal as described earlier. The RB labeled bloodmeal was created with 500 µl of a 0.1% solution of RB in heat-inactivated bovine serum added to 100 µl of heat-inactivated defibrinated bovine blood and fed to recipient fleas for 24 h, as previously described (Hirunkanokpun et al. 2011 (link)). Rickettsia felis str. LSU-Lb-infected donor fleas (n = 70) were placed in the same cage with RB-labeled uninfected recipient fleas (n = 70). Fleas were then fed on normal defibrinated bovine blood and assessed for R. felis str. LSU-Lb infection at days 1, 7, 14, and 21 post cofeeding.

Healy S.P., Brown L.D., Hagstrom M.R., Foil L.D, & Macaluso K.R. (2017). Effect of Rickettsia felis Strain Variation on Infection, Transmission, and Fitness in the Cat Flea (Siphonaptera: Pulicidae). Journal of Medical Entomology, 54(4), 1037-1043.

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