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25 protocols using nicolet 380 spectrometer

1

Aging of Vinylester Matrices Analyzed by FTIR

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Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) analyses were performed using a Nicolet 380 spectrometer from Thermo Fisher Scientific (Waltham, MA, USA). This technique allows the detection of the characteristic vibrations of chemical bonds and therefore, to highlight the different functions/molecular groups that compose the chemical structure of a material. These analyses were carried out in attenuated total reflectance (ATR) mode on samples taken near the rebar surface. Spectra were collected in the wavelength range 4000–400 cm−1, with a resolution of 4 cm−1 and an accumulation of 32 spectra. The objective was to detect any changes in the chemical structure of the vinylester matrix after aging.
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2

Palladium-Catalyzed Indole Synthesis

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All moisture-sensitive reagents were manipulated under a nitrogen atmosphere using Schlenk and syringe techniques. Glassware was dried in an oven at 200°C and cooled under a nitrogen atmosphere. Palladium(II) acetate, triphenylphosphine, the diamines and the iodoindole substrates (7-iodoindole and 5-iodoindole) were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich and were used without further purification. Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectra were recorded on a Bruker Avance 400 spectrometer, operating at 400.13 MHz for 1H NMR and 100.62 MHz for 13C NMR. Chemical shifts (δ) are reported in ppm relative to CDCl3 (7.26 and 77.16 ppm for 1H and 13C, respectively) or tetramethylsilane (TMS). High-resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS) analysis was carried out on a Bruker Microtof apparatus, equipped with a selective electrospray ionization (ESI) detector. The specific rotation [α] was measured using an electrical polarimeter (Optical Activity AA-5). Melting points, with uncorrected values, were determined with a capillary microscope electrothermal melting point apparatus. The Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectra were measured in KBr pellets using a Thermo Scientific Nicolet 380 spectrometer.
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3

Comprehensive Analytical Characterization Protocol

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IR spectra of the samples were recorded in potassium bromide pellets using a Nicolet 380 spectrometer (Thermo Fisher Scientific, Waltham, MA, USA). 1H NMR spectra were registered on Bruker CXP 200, Chemical shifts in 1H spectra were measured relative to the signal of (CH3)4Si. Micro photo images were processed using the MCview (Lomo Microsystems, St-Petersburg, Russia) software package via Lomo MSP-2-2SD stereoscopic microscope equipped with an MC-5 electronic camera (Lomo Microsystems, Russia). MALDI spectra were recorded on an Ultraflex II mass spectrometer (Bruker, Karlsruhe, Germany) with an accelerating voltage of 25 kV with Nd: YAG laser (355 nm) desorption from a DHB matrix.
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4

Diopside Synthesis by Ball Milling and Calcination

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Diopside (CaMgSi2O6) was synthesized by a ball-milling-assisted solid-state method as described earlier [28 (link)]. Briefly, an appropriate amount of powdered eggshells, synthetic magnesium oxide, and silica extracted from rice husk were mixed by using ball milling to reduce particle size as well as generate homogeneity. The precursor samples obtained after ball milling were transferred to a crucible and calcined at 1100 °C for 6 h. After calcination, the furnace was cooled to room temperature and the calcined product was grinded to fine powders prior to characterization. The resulting product was investigated using X-ray phase analysis (XRD, Difrey-401 (JSC Scientific Instruments, Saint-Petersburg, Russia), CrKα–radiation, λ = 2.29106 Å), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR, Nicolet 380 spectrometer (Thermo Fisher Scientific, Waltham, MA, USA), 650–4000 cm−1), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM (VEGA3 TESCAN, Brno, Czech Republic), 20 kV).
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5

Characterization of Synthetic Fibers

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The cross section of the fibers was observed and obtained using a high-resolution SEM Xe-PFIB FEI Helios (Brucker, Billerica, MA, USA). A single fiber was covered with a platinum layer, and then a cross section was made using a focus ion beam (FIB). The crystallographic structure of the obtained fibers was studied using a Philips Materials Research Diffractometer (Philips, Amsterdam, The Netherlands) with CuKa radiation. The θ/2θ scan, typical of powder materials, was used. The degree of crystallinity was determined on the basis of the optimization carried out in the WAXSFIT program. The chemical structure of the samples was examined by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) using a Thermo Scientific Nicolet 380 spectrometer (Thermo Fisher Scientific, Waltham, MA, USA). Spectra were recorded in the range of 60–4000 cm−1 with a resolution of 4 cm−1.
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6

Comprehensive Materials Characterization Protocol

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Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images and elemental mapping were obtained using a Hitachi S4800 SEM microscopy equipped with an energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS). Transmission electron microscopy investigations were performed on a HT7700 electron microscopy. X-ray diffraction patterns were collected using a Rigaku Ultimate IV diffractometer (Cu Kα radiation, 40 kV and 30 mA). Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectra were recorded on a Thermo Nicolet 380 spectrometer. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) measurements were performed on a VG Scientific ESCALAB Mark II spectrometer.
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7

Characterization of Microspheres using Advanced Techniques

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The morphology of microspheres was observed using an optical microscope (Nikon, ECLIPSE TS2, Japan) and a Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM, Zeiss Ultra 55, German), respectively. Fourier transform infrared spectra (FT-IR) of free TLLs, OCMC@TLLs, and CMCHS/OCMC@TLLs were obtained by a Nicolet 380 spectrometer (Thermo Fisher Scientific Co., Ltd.) at a resolution of 4 cm−1 in the range of 400–4000 cm−1. The secondary structures of free TLLs and OCMC@TLLs were analyzed by circular dichroism (BRIGHTTIME Chirascan, UK) within a scanning range of 190–400 nm.
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8

Characterization of Stable Furanose Ionic Liquids

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1H NMR spectra were recorded on a Bruker spectrometer (600 Hz) in deuterium oxide (D2O). The Fourier transform infrared-spectra (FTIR) were obtained in the range of 400–4000 cm−1 on a Thermo Nicolet 380 spectrometer. Electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI-MS) were obtained in both positive and negative modes with a Bruker micrOTOF-Q II. The 1H NMR, FTIR and ESI-MS data are given in the ESI.The determination of four SFILs decomposition temperatures were measured on thermogravimetric analysis (TGA Q5000 V3.15 Build 263) by heating sample from room temperature to 873.15 K at a heating rate of 10 K min−1 under the flow 25 mL min−1 of nitrogen atmosphere. The decomposition temperatures of four SFILs are all above 473.15 K and shown in ESI, which means that these four SFILs show excellent thermodynamic stability and suitable for glycosidation as catalysts.
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9

FTIR Spectroscopy of Biomaterials

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FTIR spectra were obtained in a Thermo Scientific Nicolet 380 spectrometer (Waltham, MA, United States of America) equipped with an ATR diamond plate. Thirty-two scans were acquired in the 4,000–400 cm−1 range with a resolution of 4 cm−1.
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10

Characterization of Fe(III)-carboxylate Complexes

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All reagents and solvents were of the reagent grade purchased from ACROS or Aldrich. NMR spectra were recorded on Agilent 400MR spectrometer. Routine electrospray mass-spectra were obtained on a Thermo Finnigan TSQ Ultra instrument. High-resolution mass spectra were obtained on Thermo Q-Exactive LC/MS/MS System and on Agilent Technologies 6530 Accurate Mass QTofLC/MS (at the University of Texas at Austin mass-spectrometry facility). Dynamic light scattering (DLS) experiments were performed with a Malvern Zetasizer Nano ZS instrument combined with a MPT-2 automatic titrator. The initial concentrations were: FeIII: 1.5 mmolL‒1; 2: 2.25 mmolL‒1; salicylic and 5-hydroxyisophthalic acids: 4.5 mmolL‒1, NaOH (titrant): 0.25 M. In the experiments with Fe2O3 nanoparticles and 1 and 5, the initial [FeIII] was 5×10‒3M, [L] was 5.5×10‒4M, and titrations were done with 0.01M NaOH and HCl. The elemental analyses were performed by Galbraith, Inc. Powder X-ray diffractogram was obtained using Rigaku MiniFlex II diffractometer. TEM images were obtained on JEOL JEM 2010 transmission electron microscope. FT-IR spectra were obtained on Thermo Nicolet 380 spectrometer.
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