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14 protocols using lamda 950

1

Comprehensive Polymer Characterization Protocol

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FT-IR characterization
of polymers was performed using a PerkinElmer Spectrum GX-A FTIR spectrophotometer.
The analysis was carried out in the wavenumber range of 4000–400
cm–1 with a resolution of 4 cm–1. 1H NMR spectroscopy of polymers was carried out using
a Bruker AVANCE spectrometer with CDCl3 as solvent at a
frequency of 300 MHz. TGA was carried out on a TA instrument, model
SDT-2960. The temperature range of the analysis was 30–900
°C in a nitrogen atmosphere at a heating rate of 10 °C per
minute. DSC studies were conducted on a TA instrument model 2920 modulated
differential scanning calorimeter at a heating rate of 10 °C/min
under a N2 atmosphere. The surface morphology of materials
was traced by FESEM on a Hitachi SU6600 variable pressure field-emission
scanning electron microscope instrument. AFM analysis was carried
out on an AFM instrument (Agilent Technologies 5500). The static CAs
of the P-UT films were measured with a Data Physics contact angle
instrument OCA85 15EC (Drop size-5 μL, curve-fitting method).
The transparency of P-UTs was measured by solid-state UV–vis
spectroscopy using a PerkinElmer LAMDA 950 instrument.
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2

Comprehensive Structural and Compositional Analysis

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The morphology and crystalline structure of the obtained samples were examined by field-emission scanning electron microscope (FE-SEM, Ultra plus, Carl Zeiss, Oberkochen, Germany), and powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD) measurements (D8 Advance, Bruker, Mannheim, Germany) with Cu Kα source (λ = 0.15418 nm). Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) spectra were recorded using a Thermo Fisher Nicolet 6700 FT-IR spectrometer (Thermo Fisher, Waltham, MA, USA). The element composition and internal bonding were probed by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS, Japan Kratos Axis Ultra DLD, AlKα, 1486.6 eV). UV–vis diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (UV-Vis DRS) spectra were detected by a spectrophotometer (Lamda 950, PerkinElmer, Waltham, MA, USA) with a wavelength range from 200 to 800 nm.
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3

Optical Properties of Transparent Plastics

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The optical transmittance and the optical haze were measured by UV-Vis-NIR spectrophotometer (PerkinElmer LAMDA 950 with Integrating sphere detector). The reference standard is ASTM D 1003-00 Standard test method for haze and transmittance of transparent plastics.
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4

Characterizing Material Band Gaps

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The light absorption and electronic band were characterized using a UV-vis spectrometer (PerkinElmer lamda 950) equipped with a 150 mm integration sphere (PerkinElmer). The band gap was determined using the Kubelka–Munk function (1) and intersection of the Tauc segment and -axis of the Tauc plot.42 (link) where F(R) is the reemission function and R is the reflectance of the sample with infinite thickness.
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5

Reflectance Spectrometry of Samples

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A diffuse reflectance spectrometer (DRS) setup (UV/VIS/NIR spectrometer Lamda 950, integrated sphere 150 mm) purchased from PerkinElmer Life and Analytical Sciences (710 Bridgeport Avenue Shelton, CT 06484-4794, Waltham, MA, USA), equipped with an integrated sphere 150 mm with the spectral range from 250 nm to 1000 nm, was used for testing the samples. The reflectance and transmittance measurements were carried out at room temperature, i.e., 25 °C. Three or four readings were taken for each measurement and the average for each sample was then plotted as a function of wavelength and absorbed dose. The standard deviation for each measured data was negligible, i.e., ≤3%.
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6

Characterization of POMA-MoP/Ag Composite

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The FT-IR (Spectrum-100 FT-IR) spectrum of POMA-MoP/Ag in original form, dried at 40°C, was taken by KBr disc method at room temperature. UV-visible studies were carried out by Lamda-950, Perkin Elmer, Germany. Powder X-ray diffraction (XRD) pattern was obtained in an aluminum sample holder in original form using a PW 1148/89 based diffractometer with Cu Kα radiations. Microphotographs of the original form of POMA-MoP/Ag were obtained by the FE-SEM (FESEM; JSM-7600F, Japan) at various magnifications.
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7

Structural and Compositional Analysis of Cement Particles

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The lattice parameters were determined using an X-ray diffractometer (XRD), (Rigaku, Miniflex Cu K-alpha radiation), with a 2θ scanning range from 10 to 80o and step interval of 0.02o. Absorption spectroscopy was also done using a UV-Vis Spectrometer (Perkin Elmer, Lamda 950). A scanning electron microscope (SEM), JSM5800LV, JEOL, Japan with energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) (Oxford ISIS 300) was used to measure and confirm the morphologies of all the cement particles and bacteria, along with the elemental composition of the cement samples.
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8

Reflectance Spectra of GaInP2 Photocathodes

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Reflectance spectra of GaInP2 photocathodes (Fig. 1d) were recorded using UV-Vis-NIR spectroscopy (Lamda 950, Perkin-Elmer) at near-normal incidence (θ = 8°) in air, measured on a spectrophotometer equipped with an integrating sphere using a Spectralon® as a 100% reflectance standard. For the data in Fig. 4d, reflectance spectra were recorded using a home-made optical set-up consisting of a white light source (HL-2000, Ocean Optics) and a fiber-optic spectrometer (Flame-T-VIS-NIR, Ocean Optics). The source light was collimated by an achromatic doublet lens (f = 19 mm, N.A. = 0.42) and then focused on the cell region (beam diameter = ~50 μm) through an objective lens (×20, N.A. = 0.4). The reflected light was collected by the same objective lens and guided to the spectrometer through a multimode fiber. A silver mirror deposited on fused silica (PF10-03-P01, Thorlabs) was used as a 100% calibration standard.
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9

Diffraction and Transmission Spectra of Muscle Tissue

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Light diffraction was performed by using a NKT Photonics SuperK COMPACT supercontinuum white light laser and a 532 nm Nd:YAG Laser. Samples were immersed in 0.1M PBS for diffraction measurements. The diffraction spectra were measured using a goniometer setup with an OceanOptics QEPro spectrometer. Transmission spectra were measured using a PerkinElmer Lamda 950 ultraviolet-visible-near infrared (UV-VIS-NIR) spectrometer with an integration sphere. Samples were rinsed with 0.1M PBS and measured directly without substrate. Transmission of air was taken as a reference. The thickness of the muscle sample was ~0.7 mm.
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10

UV–Vis Spectroscopy of Pluronic-BNNT Samples

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All the UV–Vis spectra were measured by using a PerkinElmer Lamda-950 in the range of 250–800 nm. For the measurement of Pluronic polymer-BNNT samples, standard quartz cells (purchased from Hellma Analytics, Müllheim, Germany) with a 2 mm beam path length were used.
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