Assessment of calcium burden was performed on an ECG-gated 16-slice scanner (Siemens Somatom16, Siemens, Forchheim, Germany) [33 (link)]. All coronary artery calcification (CAC) data sets were analyzed by a single technician with more than 5 years of experience in cardiac CT imaging using a commercially available software package (“Syngo CaScore”; Siemens Healthcare, Forchheim, Germany). Patients with coronary artery stents were excluded from analysis as the stent graft would have yielded false-high calcification scores.
Syngo cascore
Manufactured by Siemens
Sourced in Germany
Syngo CaScore is a software application developed by Siemens for the quantification of coronary artery calcium (CAC) from computed tomography (CT) scans. The core function of Syngo CaScore is to provide a standardized and automated method for the measurement of coronary artery calcium, which is an indicator of atherosclerosis and can be used to assess cardiovascular risk.
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Lab products found in correlation
6 protocols using syngo cascore
1
Coronary Artery Calcium Quantification
2
Coronary Artery Calcium Scoring for CVD Risk
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CAC scores were evaluated using the 64-slice computed tomography scanner (SOMATOM Sensation 64, Siemens Medical Solutions, Forchheim, Germany) and with Syngo CaScore automatic analysis software (Siemens Healthcare, Forchheim, Germany). All scans were performed in cranio-caudal direction during inspiratory breathold with prospective electrocardiogram ECG-triggering (gantry rotation time, 330 ms; temporal resolution, 83–165 ms). CAC scores were separately obtained for each of the main epicardial coronary arteries (left main artery, left anterior descending artery, left circumflex artery, and right coronary artery and summed to obtain total CAC. The total CAC score was generated as per the Agatston method and reported in Agatston units (AU) [20] (link). As no substantial differences in PA level and CVD risk were found between the groups with CAC score of 1–10 and 11–100 as well as 101–400 and >400 AU, the comparisons were performed between the three categories of CAC: 0, 1–100, and >100 AU.
3
Coronary Artery Calcium Scoring Protocol
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In the first step, all patients underwent noncontrast-enhanced computed tomography (CT) beginning from carina extending to the subdiaphragmatic level (Somatom Sensation 64; Siemens, Forchheim, Germany). On noncontrast-enhanced CT, calcified coronary artery plaques were explored on cardiac sections. CACS was performed using preexisting software in the device (Syngo CaScore, Siemens; Agatston scoring method).
Total CACS was the sum of calcium levels calculated in the left main coronary artery, in the left anterior descending coronary artery, in the circumflex coronary artery, and in the right coronary artery traces. Collected data were evaluated using the percentiles predefined according to the age and sex.30 (link) Individual calcium scores were grouped as low (0–25 percentile), moderate (25–75 percentile), and high (75–100 percentile).
Total CACS was the sum of calcium levels calculated in the left main coronary artery, in the left anterior descending coronary artery, in the circumflex coronary artery, and in the right coronary artery traces. Collected data were evaluated using the percentiles predefined according to the age and sex.30 (link) Individual calcium scores were grouped as low (0–25 percentile), moderate (25–75 percentile), and high (75–100 percentile).
4
Computed Tomography Calcium Scoring in CKD-MBD
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The calcium scoring on a dual‐source computed tomography (CT) scanner (Syngo CaScore, Siemens, Forchheim, Germany) was assessed and images reconstructed with 0.6 and 3.0 mm slice thickness for each patient within a week around the day when BCA was carried out. The Agatston scoring method23 was applied on the reconstructed image sets by the commercially available software (Syngo CaScore) as follows: A calcified lesion was defined as an area of ≥ 3 connected pixels with CT attenuation of ≥ 130 Hounsfield Units (HU), with the use of 3‐dimensional connectivity criteria (6 points). For each, the Agatston score was calculated by multiplying the area of each calcified lesion by a density factor, dependent on the maximal attenuation (HU) within the lesion and summing each of these values for a total calcification score. The density factor (0‐4) was determined as follows: 1 = 130 to 199 HU, 2 = 200 to 299 HU, 3 = 300 to 399 HU, and 4 > 400 HU.
Calcification was defined as the Agatston score > 0 and CKD‐MBD was diagnosed when MHD patients had detectable calcification.
Calcification was defined as the Agatston score > 0 and CKD‐MBD was diagnosed when MHD patients had detectable calcification.
5
Coronary Artery Calcium Scoring Procedure
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CAC was measured using Symbia TruePoint T6 SPECT/CT scanner (Siemens Medical Solutions, Forchheim, Germany) and dual-source CT scanner (first 101 scans: Somatom definition, last 44 scans: Somatom Definition FLASH, Siemens Medical Solutions, Forchheim, Germany) [15] (link) in the UK and in the Netherlands, respectively. The CAC score measurement was done using the same standard Agatston calcium scoring algorithm [27] (link).
CT scans of the heart (from the carina to the apex of the heart) were acquired during one inspiratory breath-hold without the use of contrast medium. CAC was quantified using calcium scoring software (Syngo CaScore, Siemens) and measurements were performed using the standard Agatston calcium scoring algorithm [27] (link), which has been validated in several large studies. It has been shown previously that in asymptomatic individuals with a CAC score <100, the prevalence of cardiac ischemia is generally very low (<10%) [28] (link), [29] Therefore, in our study, the participants were divided into two groups for comparison with the calcium score above and below 100 Agatston units.
CT scans of the heart (from the carina to the apex of the heart) were acquired during one inspiratory breath-hold without the use of contrast medium. CAC was quantified using calcium scoring software (Syngo CaScore, Siemens) and measurements were performed using the standard Agatston calcium scoring algorithm [27] (link), which has been validated in several large studies. It has been shown previously that in asymptomatic individuals with a CAC score <100, the prevalence of cardiac ischemia is generally very low (<10%) [28] (link), [29] Therefore, in our study, the participants were divided into two groups for comparison with the calcium score above and below 100 Agatston units.
6
Coronary Artery Calcium Scoring
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Each region of calcification of the coronary arteries was scored by an expert investigator who was blinded to the clinical variables, CCTA results, and EAT volume analyses, using semiautomatic software available on a workstation (Syngo Ca Score, Siemens Medical Solutions, Forchheim, Germany). CAC was agreed on if a minimum of three adjacent pixels with an attenuation of ≥130 Hounsfield units (HU) were identified along the way of a coronary artery. The calcium score was calculated using the Agatston method (13 (link)).
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