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6 protocols using ab52644

1

Nucleolar Dysregulation in Endometriosis-Associated Ovarian Cancer

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Eight paraffin blocks showing continuous histopathological transition from distant endometriosis, contiguous atypical endometriosis and ovarian clear cell carcinomas were selected for sectioning. Five of the blocks were genotyped as carrying the C/C genotype, three as carrying T/T genotype at rs11614913 in MIR196A2, and were utilized for this study. Immunofluorescence staining was performed to detect active cell nucleoli and ribosome biogenesis activity using 1:100 rabbit anti-nucleophosmin (anti-NPM; ab52644) and anti-nucleolin (anti-NCL; ab129200) monoclonal antibodies (Abcam PLC, Cambridge, MA). Immunostaining was independently scored by two pathologists, and specific nucleolus staining was scored as: negative (0), weakly positive (1+), moderately positive (2+) or strongly positive (3+). We used a combination of the percentage of positively stained cells and the intensity of nucleolus staining for statistical analysis. The H-score = ΣPi xi was calculated, where i is the intensity of the stained tumor cells (0 to 3+) and Pi is the percentage of the stained tumor cells for each intensity group (0 to 100%) as previously described [67 (link)]. For discordant cases, a third investigator was brought in to score and the final intensity score was determined by the majority scores.
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2

Sourcing of Diverse Antibodies for Research

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Rabbit polyclonal antibodies (pAb) against Myc (R1208-1), GFP (SR48-02), FLAG (091 (link)2-1), and mouse mAbs against β-actin (M1210-2) and GST (M0807-1) were purchased from Huaan Biological Technology (Hangzhou, China). Rabbit pAbs against histone H3 (R1105-1) and β-tubulin (0807-2 (link)) were also purchased from Huaan Biological Technology. Mouse anti-Myc (05-419) and anti-FLAG (F1804) mAbs were obtained from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MO, USA). Anti-FLAG affinity resin (A2220) for immunoprecipitation was also purchased from Sigma-Aldrich. Rabbit mAb against NPM1 (ab52644) was purchased from Abcam (Cambridge, MA). Mouse mAbs to Cap, Rep, ORF3, and ORF4 of PCV2 were produced by our laboratory [24 (link),36–38 (link)]. NP-40 cell lysis buffer (50 mM Tris [pH 7.4], 150 mM NaCl, 1% NP-40) was purchased from Beyotime (P0013F; Shanghai, China). Horseradish peroxidase (HRP) or fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC)-labeled goat anti-mouse and anti-rabbit IgG were purchased from KPL (Milford, MA, USA). Alexa Fluor 546-conjugated anti-mouse or anti-rabbit IgG were obtained from Invitrogen (USA).
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3

Antibody Characterization and Immunoprecipitation Protocol

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Rabbit polyclonal antibodies (pAb) against Myc (R1208-1), GFP (SR48-02), Flag (0912-1), and mouse monoclonal antibodies (mAb) against β-actin (M1210-2) and GST (M0807-1) were purchased from Huaan Biological Technology (Hangzhou, China). Mouse anti-Myc (05-419) and anti-Flag (F1804) mAbs were obtained from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MO, USA). Anti-Flag affinity resin (A2220) for immunoprecipitation was also purchased from Sigma-Aldrich. Rabbit mAb against NPM1 (ab52644) was purchased from Abcam (Cambridge, MA). NP-40 cell lysis buffer (50 mM Tris [pH 7.4], 150 mM NaCl, 1% NP-40) was purchased from Beyotime (P0013F; Shanghai, China). Horseradish peroxidase (HRP)-labeled goat anti-mouse and anti-rabbit IgG were purchased from KPL (Milford, MA, USA).
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4

Antibody Production and Immunoprecipitation Protocol

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Mouse monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) raised against GST (M0807-1) and β-actin (M1210-2) as well as rabbit polyclonal antibodies (pAbs) raised against Flag (0912-1), Myc (R1208-1), and GFP (SR48-02) were obtained from Huaan Biological Technology (Hangzhou, China). Mouse anti-Flag (F1804) and anti-Myc (05-419) mAbs were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MO, United States). Rabbit mAb raised against NPM1 (ab52644) was obtained from Abcam (Cambridge, MA, United States). Anti-Flag affinity resin (A2220) for immunoprecipitation was obtained from Sigma-Aldrich. NP-40 cell lysis buffer [50 mM Tris (pH 7.4), 150 mM NaCl, 1% NP-40] was obtained from Beyotime (P0013F; Shanghai, China). Horseradish peroxidase (HRP)-conjugated goat anti-rabbit and anti-mouse IgG were obtained from KPL (Milford, MA, United States).
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5

Biotin-labeled LETN RNA Fragment Binding Assay with NPM1 Protein

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The LETN RNA fragment was transcribed in vitro with SP6 polymerase and labeled with biotin-16-UTP. The LETN fragment was incubated with purified NPM1 or the mutant proteins in the binding buffer (50 mM Tris, pH 7.4, 150 mM NaCl, 0.5% NP-40, 0.5 mM PMSF, 2 mM RVC and protease inhibitor cocktail (Roche)) for 2 h at 4 °C. Meanwhile, Dynabeads Protein-G were incubated with 3 µg of anti-NPM1 antibody (ab52644, abcam) for 2 h at 4 °C. The sample in the binding buffer was added to the antibody-bead slurry and incubated overnight at 4 °C on a rotating platform. Next, the mixtures were washed with wash buffer (50 mM Tris, pH 7.4, 300 mM NaCl, 0.5% NP-40, 0.5 mM PMSF, 2 mM RVC, protease inhibitor cocktail (Roche)) for five times at 4 °C. An aliquot of the sample was transferred to a new microcentrifuge tube and kept as quality control via western blotting. The RNA-protein complex was resuspended with proteinase K buffer (117 µL of wash buffer, 15 µL of 10% SDS, and 9 µL of proteinase K (20 mg/mL)). RNA was purified using TRIzol followed by RT-qPCR analysis.
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6

Antibodies for NPM1 and myc detection

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Mouse monoclonal anti-NPM1 (ab10530) recognizing the C-terminal 68-amino acids and rabbit monoclonal anti-NPM1 (ab52644) recognizing the N-terminal 122-amino acids were from Abcam (Cambridge, United Kingdom), Rabbit monoclonal anti-myc from Cell Signaling Technology, Inc. (Boston, USA), Alexa fluor 488 mouse anti-rabbit IgG and Alexa fluor 633, and goat anti-mouse IgG from Molecular Probes (Oregon, USA), and normal monoclonal Rabbit IgG (sc-2027) was from Santa Cruz Biotechnology, Texas, USA.
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