Sodium dihydrogen phosphate

L-arginine and standard reserve solutions of Cd²⁺ (892.9 μM), and Hg²⁺(498.5 μM) were obtained from Aladdin (Aladdin, Shanghai, China). Potassium chloride (KCl), sodium chloride (NaCl), magnesium chloride (MgCl₂), calcium chloride (CaCl₂), manganese chloride (MnCl₂), zinc chloride (ZnCl₂), aluminum chloride (AlCl₃), nickel chloride (NiCl₂.6H₂O), sodium nitrate (NaNO₃), sodium nitrite (NaNO₂), sodium dihydrogen phosphate (NaH₂PO₄), sodium sulfate (Na₂SO₄), 1,10-phenanthroline, Rochelle salt, EDTA, sodium diphosphate, phytic acid, potassium iodide, acetate buffer, and trisodium citrate dihydrate were obtained from Sinopharm Chemical Reagent (Shanghai, China). All the reagents and solvents of analytical grades were used without further purification. All the experiments were carried out using deionized water.

Isoeugenol, shikonin, baicalein, rosmarinic acid, dihydromyricetin, l-3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine (l-DOPA), tyrosinase (EC 1.14.18.1), phenanthroline, pyrogallol, 2, 2′-azino-bis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS), diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), thiobarbituric acid (TBA), and 2,2′-azobis(2-methylpropionamidine)dihydrochloride (AAPH) were purchased from the Sigma Chemical Company (St. Louis, MO, USA). C3606 reagent kit for organization mitochondria separation was purchased from Shanghai Biyuntian company. Disodium phosphate, sodium dihydrogen phosphate, K₂S₂O₈, potassium sulfate, and ferrous sulfate were purchased from Sinopharm Chemical Reagent Co., Ltd (Shanghai, China). All other solvents and chemicals with analytical grade were commercially available. The Minimum Standards of Reporting Checklist contains details of the experimental design, and statistics, and resources used in this study (Additional file 1).

AChE (from electric eel), ATCl, AgNWs and DDVP were from Sigma-Aldrich. CS (viscosity > 400 mPa s) and Gra (stripped by 1-methyl-2-pyrrolidinone (NMP)) were from Aladdin Bio-Chem Technology (Shanghai, China). Glucose was from Sangon Biotech (Shanghai, China), ethanol absolute, glacial acetic acid, tetra-n-butyl titanate, hydrochloric acid, N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF), isopropanol, potassium ferricyanide, potassium ferrocyanide trihydrate, potassium chloride, sodium chloride, sodium dihydrogen phosphate, disodium hydrogen phosphate were from Sinopharm Chemical Reagent Co., Ltd (Shanghai, China). All chemical reagents used are of analytical grade. Nitrogen with a purity of 99.9% comes from Air Liquide (China) Holding Co., Ltd. The deionized water (DI water) used in the whole experiment was obtained by ion exchange method. Vegetable juice is a supernatant obtained by washing, grinding, filtering, and centrifuging fresh lettuce purchased from a nearby vegetable market (ESI†).

Auricularia polytricha No.10 strain was purchased from Jiangsu Tianda Institute of Edible Fungi (Jiangsu, China).
Bovine serum albumin (BSA), Coomassie brilliant blue G–250, and ascorbic acid were obtained from Aladdin Reagent Co., Ltd. (Shanghai, China). Concentrated sulfuric acid, phosphoric acid, salicylic acid, trichloroacetic acid (TFA), anhydrous alcohol, acetone, anhydrous ether, glucose, sucrose, fructose, maltose and lactose, urea, peptone, ammonium sulfate, yeast and corn starch, neutral protease, 30% hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂), phenol, Vitamin C (Vc) sodium hydroxide, ferrous sulfate (FeSO₄), ferric chloride (FeCl₃), sodium dihydrogen phosphate, disodium hydrogen phosphate, and potassium ferricyanide [K₃Fe(CN)₆] were purchased from Sinopharm Chemical Reagent Co., Ltd. (Shanghai, China). The monosaccharide Standards including fucose (Fuc), rhamnose (Rha), arabinose (Ara), mannose (Man), galactose (Gal), glucose (Glc), xylose (Xyl), fructose (Fru), galacturonic acid (GalA), glucuronic acid (GlcA), 2,2–diphenyl–1–picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), and potassium bromide (KBr, Spectrum pure grade) were purchased from Sigma Chemical Co. (St. Louis, MO, United States). All chemicals and solvents used in the current work were of analytical grade.

L. plantarum YW11 was maintained as frozen (−80 °C) stocks in SDM medium supplemented with 20% (v/v) glycerol and adjusted to pH 6.6 with 1 M acetic acid [18 (link),19 (link)]. L. plantarum YW11 was revitalized in SDM medium by two overnight sub-culturing events at 37 °C before use for preparation of EPS.
CAS was purchased from Beijing Mreda Technology Co. Ltd. (Beijing, China), and D-(+)-gluconic acid δ-lactone (GDL) from Beijing Hua Wei Rui Ke Chemical Co. Ltd. (Beijing, China), chenodeoxycholic acid (CDCA) from Sigma–Aldrich (St. Louis, MO, USA), total bile acids (TBA) kit and total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC) kit from Nanjing Jiancheng Bioengineering Institute. Potassium dihydrogen phosphate, potassium citrate, potassium sulfate and calcium chloride were purchased from Beijing Pinellia Technology Development Co., Ltd. (Beijing, China). Sodium hydroxide, sodium citrate, and potassium chloride were purchased from Shanghai Aladdin Biochemical Technology Co., Ltd. (Shanghai, China). Sodium dihydrogen phosphate and disodium hydrogen phosphate were purchased from Sinopharm Group Chemical Reagent Co. Ltd. (Beijing, China). All reagents were of analytical grade.