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68 protocols using bactiter glo microbial cell viability assay kit

1

Bacterial Adhesion Quantification via ATP Assay

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Using the adenosine triphosphate-bioluminescent assay, the number of bacteria adhering to the disk surface was measured with a commercial kit (BacTiter-Glo Microbial Cell Viability Assay kit; Promega, Madison, WI, USA). After the incubation of the bacteria for 24 h, all bacterial fluids on the disks were removed and washed with PBS, and an equal volume (200 μl) of BacTiter-Glo reagent was applied to the disk surface. Then, the activity of adenosine triphosphate in the solution was measured using an automatic luminometer (Gene Light Model GL-210A; Microtec, Funabashi, Japan), and the relative luminescence was determined. All assays were performed using three samples of each material. As described previously37 (link), n = 7 specimens from each material were used and at least three experiments were performed.
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2

Bacterial Viability Assay with ATP Measurement

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The assay was performed using a BacTiter‐Glo microbial cell viability assay kit (Promega, Madison, WI, USA) as described previously.[46] Briefly, log‐phased cells were diluted to 106 CFU mL−1 and subsequently incubated with diclofenac or oxacillin. TSB broth without added compounds served as the positive control. After 24 h incubation at 37 °C, bacteria medium was transferred into a black, 384‐well microplate (Corning, CLS3573, NY, USA), and each test sample was mixed with an equal volume of BacTiter‐Glo reagent, which measures the cellular ATP level. The mixed samples were then incubated for 5 min at room temperature, and their luminescence intensities were determined by a Synergy H1 hybrid reader (BioTek, USA) at an integration time of 1 s per well. Relative luminescence units (RLU) values were subtracted from the background control of medium with bacteria.
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3

Intracellular ATP Assay of M. bovis BCG

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Intracellular ATP was measured by using the BacTiter-Glo Microbial Cell Viability Assay Kit (Promega, Madison, WI, USA) according to the manufacturer’s instructions. Briefly, M. bovis BCG at exponential phase was diluted to an OD600 of 0.05 and exposed to enniatinA1 at 4 μg/mL, 8 μg/mL, and 16 μg/mL for 24 h, mixed with an equal volume of BacTiter-Glo reagent, and incubated for 5 min in the dark. With a 10 μg/mL of bedaquiline as positive control. Luminescence was detected by using a fluorescence micro-plate reader (TECAN SPARK 10 M). Triplicate cultures of each strain were analyzed during a single experiment and the experiments were repeated at least three times.
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4

Measuring Bacterial ATP Levels

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The cellular concentrations of ATP for the planktonic and biofilm cells for the WT and mutants were measured using a BacTiter-Glo Microbial Cell Viability Assay kit from Promega (Madison, WI, USA), and were expressed in relative light unit (RLU). The measurements for RLU were performed using a Lumitester C-100 from Kikkoman (Chiba, Japan). The planktonic and biofilm cells derived from the biofilm assay were used for the measurements, as described above. For the measurements of the planktonic cells, 100 µl of the supernatants were mixed with 100 µl of the BacTiter-Glo reagent. After incubated at ∼5 min, RLUs were measured. For biofilm cells, the attached cells were finally diluted to 10-fold with the PBS buffer. Each 100 µl was used for the RLU measurements. The experiments were repeated four times for each sample, and the averages and standard deviations were calculated. The Student’s t-test was performed to see difference between WT and the mutants.
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5

ATP Measurement in E. coli Mutants

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For cycling assays, cells were grown, induced, and washed as described for the oxygen experiments. All cycles were fully induced (1 mM IPTG). The washed cells were used to inoculate pre-warmed fresh media + amp + IPTG to an OD600 of 0.2. For measuring MG1655 and MG ΔptsI ATP levels, 20 h LB (+ 30 μg/mL kan for MG ΔptsI) overnight cultures were washed with MOPS 10 mM glucose medium to remove trace LB components and then used to inoculate 20 mL MOPS 10 mM glucose medium in a 250 mL baffled flask to an OD600 of 0.05. A higher cell density was necessary for ΔptsI experiments because the ΔptsI mutant will not grow and the cultures were washed and concentrated to an OD600 of 0.2. Cultures were grown for 5 hours at 37°C with 250 rpm shaking (one doubling after leaving lag phase for MG1655), then washed and adjusted to an OD600 of 0.2 as described above. ATP was measured using the BacTiter-Glo Microbial Cell Viability Assay Kit (Promega) according to the manufacturer's instructions. Briefly, 100 μL of the OD600 0.2 culture was mixed with 100 μL BacTiter-Glo reagent in an opaque 96-well plate. After five minutes at room temperature, luminescence was read on a Synergy H1 Microplate Reader (BioTek Instruments, Inc.). An ATP standard curve was used to calculate ATP concentrations.
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Intracellular ATP Measurement in Bacteria

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A BacTiter-Glo microbial cell viability assay kit (Promega) was used for bulk measurements of intracellular ATP. WT_MA cells were grown to mid-exponential phase in minimal-acetate medium at 37°C, collected by centrifugation, resuspended in fresh minimal-acetate medium (1:30), and incubated at 37°C for 2 h before addition of 5 µg/ml bedaquiline. Aliquots (70 µl) of bacteria were collected at various time points, mixed with an equal volume of BacTiter-Glo reagent in 96-well white microtiter plates, and incubated 5 min in the dark with shaking before total luminescence was measured with a Tecan F200 microplate reader. Background luminescence was measured by performing the same procedure on aliquots of culture supernatant after removal of cells by filtration through a 0.22-µm-pore filter. Intracellular ATP was calculated by subtracting background luminescence from total luminescence. ATP standards (0.1 nM to 1.0 µM) were assayed in parallel.
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7

ATP Measurement of Bacterial Cell Viability

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The ATP measurements were performed using the BacTiter-Glo™ Microbial Cell Viability Assay kit (Promega, Madison, USA) according to manufacturer’s instructions. Briefly, 100 μL of bacterial culture cultured to exponential phase was plated in black 96-well microplate (Microtiter Solid Cliniplate, 96-Well, Flat, Universal Binding, Black, Thermo Fisher ScientificTM, Shanghai, China). Another 100 μL of ATP detection reagent was added and incubated for 2 min. Luminescence was measured using a multifunctional microplate reader (Varioskan LUX, Thermo Fisher ScientificTM, Shanghai, China). Medium without inoculation was set as the blank control. Average value was calculated from triplicates of each sample and control. The luminescence intensity of a sample was calculated by subtracting the average signal of blank controls from the average signal of the sample. The statistical analysis of comparisons between two groups was performed using unpaired-sample t-test; a two-tailed p < 0.05 was considered significant.
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8

Evaluating rIsC1ql3 effects on B. burgdorferi and splenocyte viability

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To test if IsC1ql3 has effect on B. burgdorferi viability, 106 cells/mL B. burgdorferi were incubated with 1 X PBS, 10, 20, and 40 μg/mL rIsC1ql3 at 33°C for 48 h in a final volume of 250 μL. The viability of B. burgdorferi was determined as described in Gupta et al.,38 (link) using BacTiter-Glo Microbial Cell Viability Assay kit (Promega, #G8230), which is based on quantitation of the ATP present by measuring luminescence.
Similarly, to test whether IsC1ql3 has an effect on splenocytes viability, 106 cells/mL splenocytes were incubated with 1 X PBS, 5, 10, 20 μg/mL rIsC1ql3 or BSA for 6 h. The viability of splenocytes were then evaluated using the CellTiter-Glo luminescent cell viability assay kit (Promega, #G7570).
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9

Lipid-based Antimicrobial Assay Protocol

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Hydrogenated L-α-phosphatidylcholine (Egg PC) and cholesterol were purchased from Avanti Polar Lipids, Inc. (Alabaster, AL). LLA was purchased from Ultra Scientific (North Kingstown, RI). Brain Heart Infusion (BHI), Columbia broth, and agar were purchased from Becton Dickinson (Sparks, MD). Horse blood was purchased from Hardy Diagnostics (Santa Maria, CA). BacTiter-Glo microbial cell viability assay kit was purchased from Promega Inc. (Madison, WI). SA, OA, 1-N-phenylnaphthylamine (NPN), and phosphate buffer saline (PBS) were obtained from SigmaAldrich Co. LLC (St. Louis, MO).
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10

Measuring ATP Levels in Microbial Cells

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BacTiter-Glo™ Microbial Cell Viability Assay kit (Catalog# G8230, Promega Corporation, Madison, WI, USA) was used to measure the ATP concentrations. After treatment of the cells with drugs, 100 µl of culture was mixed with 100 µl of luciferase solution and incubated at room temperature for 5 min. Luminescence was measured in a plate reader with LB medium as a control for background luminescence. Standard curves were prepared using rATP (Promega Corporation, catalog# P1132) dissolved in LB. Plate reader data were collected using SkanIt Software V 5.0.
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