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Lysis buffer

Manufactured by Yeasen
Sourced in China

Lysis buffer is a solution used to break open cells and release the contents, including proteins, DNA, and other cellular components. It is a core component in various molecular biology and biochemistry applications that require the extraction and purification of cellular materials.

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7 protocols using lysis buffer

1

Bone Marrow-Derived Macrophage Generation

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Following the protocol as reported in (Shields et al., 2020 (link)), the BM cells were collected from the femurs with cold phosphate-buffered saline (PBS; Corning) and passed through the cell-strainer (70 μm; BD Falcon), prior to the centrifugation at 1,150 rpm for 5 min at 4°C. Following this, the lysis buffer (Yeasen Biotech, China) was used to remove erythrocytes, which was followed by the centrifugation at 4°C for 5 min at 1,150 rpm. Subsequently, 2 × 105 of cells were cultured each well inside the 24-well plates using DMEM plus 10% fetal bovine serum (FBS), 1% penicillin-streptomycin (P/S) and 10 ng/ml macrophage colony-stimulating factor for 70–72 h. Then, cells were added with fresh medium as mentioned above for 48 h. Subsequently, cells were added with fresh DMEM plus 10% FBS, 1% P/S, lipopolysaccharide (LPS, 100 ng/ml) and interferon-γ (IFN-γ, 20 ng/ml) for 20–24 h, generating BMDM before the experiments as described below.
In addition, L929 and HUVEC were cultured using DMEM plus 10% FBS and 1% P/S and using RPMI-1640 plus 10% FBS and 1% P/S, respectively. In this study, all cells were grown at 37°C with 5% CO2 and 95% relative humidity.
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2

DNA Extraction from Granulosa Cells

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The DNA in granulosa cells was extracted in lysis buffer (Yeasen Biotech Co., Ltd., Shanghai, China) by heating at 55°C for 30 min, followed by 95°C for 3 min. To extract the DNA present from the original medium, the culture medium was transferred to a microtubes, and cells were removed by centrifugation at 4,000 × g for 1 min, and the spent culture medium was mixed with the same amount of lysis buffer and followed the steps above.
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3

Quantifying Luciferase Activity in Co-cultured HNC Cells

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The luciferase-expressing HNC cells were co-cultured with fibroblasts and the cell samples were harvested for the detection of luciferase activity 48 h after co-culture. Cells were lysed in 120 μL lysis buffer (Yeasen, China). To measure firefly luciferase activity, 100 μL lysates was mixed with 100 μL of luciferase assay reagent (Yeasen, China), and then the relative luciferase units (RLU) was read with luminometer (Modulus, USA) immediately. The luciferase assay was performed three times in triplicate.
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4

Immunoprecipitation and Western Blot Analysis

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Note that, 2.5 μg of mouse anti‐flag, mouse anti‐strep II, rabbit anti‐Rad51, or rabbit anti‐p‐CHK2(Thr68) antibody was first incubated with 30 μl protein‐A/G beads (Yeasen Biotech Co., Shanghai, China) in 250 μl Lysis buffer (with protease inhibitor and phosphatase inhibitor, 1:500, Yeasen) on a rotator at 4°C for 4 h. Meanwhile, 2.5 × 106 transfected 293T cells or two genital ridges were lysed and ultrasonicated in 250 μl IP buffer and then pre‐cleaned with 30 μl protein A/G beads at 4°C for 4 h. Then, the protein A/G‐coupled antibody was incubated with pre‐cleaned lysates at 4°C overnight. Next, after three washes with IP buffer, antibody‐bound beads were subjected to western blotting with corresponding antibodies.
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5

Iodixanol Gradient Centrifugation for Exosome Isolation

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To generate a gradient of iodixanol solutions, 50% (w/v), 40% (w/v), and 10% (w/v) iodixanol solutions were prepared by diluting OptiPrep™ (Stemcell™ Technologies) with 0.85% sodium chloride and 10 mmol/L Tris–HCl, pH 7.4. The exosomes were resuspended in 3.8 mL of 50% iodixanol solution, overlaid with 3 mL of 40% solution, and then 2.5 mL of 10% solution in a centrifuge tube. The gradient was then centrifuged at 200,000×g for 2 h at 4 °C. Ten gradient fractions were diluted in PBS and centrifuged at 110,000×g for 70 min at 4 °C. They were then resuspended in a lysis buffer (Yeasen Biotechnology). The density was determined gravimetrically (g/mL).
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6

Western Blot Analysis of Apoptosis and Metastasis Markers

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Proteins were extracted from tissues and cells utilizing Lysis Buffer (Yeasen) containing a protease inhibitor cocktail (Beyotime). An equal amount of protein lysates (30 μg) was separated on 10% or 12% SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, and then transferred onto polyvinylidene difluoride membranes. The protein-carrying membranes were incubated with primary antibodies for overnight at 4°C, and with secondary antibodies for 1.5 h at 25°C. GAPDH was chosen as internal control, and gray density of Western blots was analyzed on Image J software (NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA). Relative protein expression levels of B cell lymphoma (Bcl)-2, Bcl-2-associated X protein (Bax), matrix metalloproteinase 2(MMP2) and MMP9 were calculated with normalization to GAPDH. The antibodies are summarized in Table 3.

The Antibodies Used in This Study

NameCat. No.Dilution RatioSource
CHTOPab2228611:5000Abcam
Bcl-2ab321241:1000Abcam
Bcl-2ab1964951:2000Abcam
Baxab325031:10,000Abcam
Baxab31911:500Abcam
MMP2ab866071:500Abcam
MMP9ab1378671:1000Abcam
MMP9ab388981:1000Abcam
GAPDHab1816021:10,000Abcam
Goat anti-Rabbit IgG (HRP)ab2057181:50,000Abcam
Goat anti-mouse IgG (HRP)ab67891:10,000Abcam
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7

Western Blot Analysis of CAL-62 Cells

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We used lysis buffer (YEASEN, Shanghai, China) with protease inhibitors (Roche, Indianapolis, IN, USA) to lyse CAL-62 cells. Protein concentrations were determined by the BCA method (Pierce, Therrmo Fisher Scienti c Inc., Rockford, IL, USA). The protein samples were subjected to SDS/PAGE and transferred to PVDF membranes (Immobilon-P membrane, Millipore, Massachusetts, USA). The membranes were blocked with 5% skimmed milk in TBS plus Tween 20 at room temperature for 1 hour, followed by incubation with target antibodies at 4 °C overnight. Information on the antibodies are provided in Table S3. After incubation with HRP-conjugated secondary antibodies for 1 hour, visualization of the protein bands was achieved by an enhanced chemiluminescent chromogenic substrate using the Enhanced Chemiluminescence Plus Western Blotting Detection System (GE Healthcare, Connecticut, USA) and LAS-4000EPUV mini Luminescent Image Analyzer (GE Healthcare).
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