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4 protocols using pki 14 22 amide

1

Investigating AMPK-Mediated Signaling Pathways

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Antibodies directed against AMPKα (1/1000, Rabbit), ACC (1/1000, Rabbit), phospho-Ser79ACC (1/1000, Rabbit), phospho-PKA substrate (RRXS*/T*) (1/2000, Rabbit), phospho-AMPK substrate (1/1000, Rabbit), and phospho-Ser133CREB (1/1000, Rabbit) were obtained from Cell Signaling technology (Danvers, MA, USA). Anti phospho-Thr172AMPKα (1/1000, Rabbit), CREB (1/500, Rabbit), Arc (1/500, Mouse), c-Fos (1/500, Mouse), and EgrI (1/500, Rabbit) antibodies were from Santa-Cruz (Dallas, TX, USA). Anti-actin (1/15 000, Mouse) antibody was from BD Bioscience (Franklin Lakes, NJ, USA). HRP-coupled secondary antibodies directed against the primary antibodies’ hosts were obtained from Cell Signaling technology. Bicuculline (Bic), H 89, PKI 14-22 amide, NKY 80, SQ 22536, and KH 7 were purchased from Tocris (Bristol, UK), 4-aminopyridine (4-AP) was purchased from Sigma (St Louis, MO, USA), and Compound C (Cc) was from Santa Cruz (Dallas, TX, USA).
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2

Dexamethasone-Induced C2C12 Myotube Assay

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Water-soluble dexamethasone (Dex) from Sigma Aldrich (St. Louis, MO) was dissolved in water and added to C2C12 myotubes at a final concentration of 100 nM. Dex treatments were initiated starting on Day 5 for 24 h incubations and on Day 6 for shorter (≤12 h) incubations; all cells, control and treatment, were harvested on Day 6. All control cells were incubated with an equal volume of vehicle only. Milrinone was purchased from Selleckchem (Houston, TX, USA); Rolipram and 3-isobutyl-1-methylxanthine (IBMX) were from Cayman Chemical (Ann Arbor, MI, USA); LY294002 and H89 were from Sigma Aldrich (St. Louis, MO, USA); PKI 14–22 amide was from Tocris (Minneapolis, MN, USA). All compounds except Dex were dissolved in DMSO and added to cells at final concentrations of 10 μM for Milrinone, 25 μM for Rolipram, 250 μM for IBMX, 25 μM for LY294002, 10 μM for H89, and 10 μM for PKI 14–22 amide; the treatment times are indicated in the figure legends. When inhibitors were co-incubated with dexamethasone, they were added 15 min prior to Dex treatment.
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3

Endothelial Cell Activation Assay

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KT5720 (PKA inhibitor), PKI 14–22 amide, p53 inhibitors (Pifithrin α and µ), p38 MAP kinases inhibitors (BIRB796 and SB202190), Sphingosine-1-P, Forskolin, and the NF-κB inhibitor BAY11-7085 were all purchased from Tocris (Bristol, UK). For immunostainings, Phalloidin 547 (FP-AZ0330) was from FluoProbes, Interchim, (Montluçon, France), while the FITC-conjugated mouse anti-VE-Cadherin (CD144) antibody (clone 55-7H1, cat no. 580411) was from BD Pharmingen (Franklin Lakes, NJ, USA). The mounting medium (DAPI Fluoromount-GTM (cat no. 0100-20)) was purchased from Southern Biotech (Birmingham, AL, USA). For flow cytometry analysis, all antibodies (BB515 mouse anti-human CD54 (ICAM-1, cat no. 564685), BUV737 mouse anti-human CD106 (VCAM-1, cat no. 565418), PE mouse anti-human CD62P (P-Selectin, cat no. 555524), APC mouse anti-human CD62E (E-Selectin, cat no. 551144)), and the FITC Annexin V/Propidium Iodide apoptosis detection kit were obtained from BD Biosciences (Franklin Lakes, NJ, USA).
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4

Dexamethasone-Induced C2C12 Myotube Assay

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Water-soluble dexamethasone (Dex) from Sigma Aldrich (St. Louis, MO) was dissolved in water and added to C2C12 myotubes at a final concentration of 100 nM. Dex treatments were initiated starting on Day 5 for 24 h incubations and on Day 6 for shorter (≤12 h) incubations; all cells, control and treatment, were harvested on Day 6. All control cells were incubated with an equal volume of vehicle only. Milrinone was purchased from Selleckchem (Houston, TX, USA); Rolipram and 3-isobutyl-1-methylxanthine (IBMX) were from Cayman Chemical (Ann Arbor, MI, USA); LY294002 and H89 were from Sigma Aldrich (St. Louis, MO, USA); PKI 14–22 amide was from Tocris (Minneapolis, MN, USA). All compounds except Dex were dissolved in DMSO and added to cells at final concentrations of 10 μM for Milrinone, 25 μM for Rolipram, 250 μM for IBMX, 25 μM for LY294002, 10 μM for H89, and 10 μM for PKI 14–22 amide; the treatment times are indicated in the figure legends. When inhibitors were co-incubated with dexamethasone, they were added 15 min prior to Dex treatment.
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