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Hematoxylin

Manufactured by Fujifilm
Sourced in Japan

Hematoxylin is a laboratory staining reagent used in histological and cytological applications. It is a natural dye extracted from the heartwood of the Logwood tree (Haematoxylum campechianum). Hematoxylin is primarily used to stain nuclei, allowing for the visualization and analysis of cellular structures.

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96 protocols using hematoxylin

1

Tissue Fixation, Embedding, and Staining

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Collected tissues were fixed using 10% neutral buffered formalin (Wako) or 4% paraformaldehyde (PFA, Wako) for 24 to 48 hr. After fixation, tissues were embedded in Tissue-Tek paraffin wax II 60 (Sakura Finetek Japan, Tokyo, Japan) and sectioned by a sliding microtome REM-700 (Yamato Kohki Industrial, Saitama Japan). Otherwise, tissues were embedded into NEG50 frozen section medium (Thermo Scientific), frozen, and sectioned by Cryostat CM3050 S (Leica Biosystems GmbH, Nussloch, Germany). The following dyes were used for staining the sections: hematoxylin (Wako)/eosin (Muto Pure Chemicals Co., LTD., Tokyo, Japan), Periodic acid-Schiff (Muto Pure Chemicals)/hematoxylin (Wako), or oil red O (Sigma–Aldrich)/hematoxylin (Vector). Some of the microscopic examinations were performed at BoZo Research Center Inc. Tokyo, Japan.
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2

Lung Cancer Area Quantification

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Lungs fixed with 10% neutral‐buffered formalin were embedded in paraffin and cut into 5‐μm sections using a microtome (Leica Biosystems, Wetzlar, Germany). The sections were stained with hematoxylin (FUJIFILM Wako Pure Chemical Corp.) and eosin (Sakura Fineteck Japan Co., Ltd., Tokyo, Japan) (H&E) or May‐Grunwald staining solution (Merck KGaA, Darmstadt, Germany) and Giemsa staining solution (Merck KGaA) and analyzed for the lung area and cancer area using WinROOF2015 (MITANI Corporation, Fukui, Japan). The cancer area in the lung was calculated as the lung cancer area ratio (%) = lung cancer area/lung area × 100.
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3

Immunohistochemical Analysis of FFPE Tissues

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The FFPE oral SCC tissue was obtained from Tokyo Medical and Dental University [69 (link)]. FFPE sections of colorectal carcinoma tissue array (Catalog number: CO483a) were purchased from US Biomax Inc. (Rockville, MD, USA). The sections were autoclaved in citrate buffer (pH 6.0; Nichirei biosciences, Inc., Tokyo, Japan) for 20 min. After blocking with SuperBlock T20 (Thermo Fisher Scientific, Inc.), the sections were incubated with C44Mab-9 (1 μg/mL) and C44Mab-46 (1 μg/mL) for 1 h at room temperature and then treated with the EnVision+ Kit for mouse (Agilent Technologies, Inc.) for 30 min. The color was developed using 3,3′-diaminobenzidine tetrahydrochloride (DAB; Agilent Technologies Inc.) for 2 min. Hematoxylin (FUJIFILM Wako Pure Chemical Corporation) was used for the counterstaining. Leica DMD108 (Leica Microsystems GmbH, Wetzlar, Germany) was used to examine the sections and obtain images.
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4

Histological Preparation of Dechorionated Embryos

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Dechorionated embryos were fixed in Bouin’s solution overnight, followed by a gradual dehydration using ethanol. Samples were embedded in Technovit 7,100 (Heraeus Kulzer) and sectioned into 5–6 µm thick sections. Sections were stained with hematoxylin (Wako) and imaged using the 1.6 x objective of a Leica M165 FC fluorescent stereo microscope.
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5

Immunohistochemical Staining of Breast Cancer Tissue

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A paraffin-embedded breast cancer tissue microarray (T8235721-5, BioChain Institute Inc., Eureka Drive Newark, CA, USA) was autoclaved for 20 min using Envision FLEX TARGET RETRIEVAL SOLUTION High pH. We used SuperBlock T20 (Thermo) for blocking to inhibit the non-specific binding of mAbs to sections. The sections were treated with 10 μg/mL of H2Mab-139-mG2a-f for 1 h at room temperature and then incubated with the EnVision+ Kit for mouse (Agilent) for 30 min. The chromogenic reaction and counterstaining were performed using 3,3′-diaminobenzidine tetrahydrochloride (DAB; Agilent) and hematoxylin (Wako), respectively.
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Immunohistochemical Analysis of Oral Cancer Tissue

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Histologic sections 4-µm thick of an oral cancer tissue array (cat. no. OR481; US Biomax, Inc.) were autoclaved directly in EnVision FLEX Target Retrieval Solution, High pH (Agilent Technologies, Inc.) for 20 min. Sections were then incubated with 10 µg/ml of an anti-EpCAM mAb for 1 h at room temperature and treated using an Envision+ kit (Agilent Technologies, Inc.) for 30 min according to the manufacturer's instructions. The color was developed using 3, 3′-diaminobenzidine tetrahydrochloride (DAB; Agilent Technologies Inc.) for 2 min at room temperature, and sections were then counterstained with hematoxylin (FUJIFILM Wako Pure Chemical Corporation) at room temperature for 5 min. hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining (FUJIFILM Wako Pure Chemical Corporation) was performed using consecutive tissue sections at room temperature for 5 min. Leica DMD108 (Leica Microsystems GmbH) was used to examine the sections and obtain images (×100 and ×400).
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7

Immunohistochemical Detection of CD31

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To immunostain CD31, tumor sections were fixed at 4°C for 10 min in 4% paraformaldehyde, immersed in 1% H2O2 at room temperature for 30 min to quench endogenous peroxidases, and blocked at room temperature for 30 min with Blocking One (Nacalai tesque; Kyoto, Japan). Sections were then probed at 4°C overnight with 1:500 anti-CD31 (PECAM-1; BD Biosciences; Franklin Lakes, NJ), washed in Tris-buffered saline, and labeled at room temperature for 45 min with 1:400 biotinylated rabbit anti-rat (DAKO), and then at room temperature for 45 min with LSAB (DAKO). Finally, sections were stained with 3,3-diaminobenzidine (DAKO) and hematoxylin (Wako).
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8

Quantification of CoQ9 and CoQ10 Isomers

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Re-CoQ10, Ox-CoQ10, Re-CoQ9 and Ox-CoQ9 were obtained from Kaneka Corporation (Osaka, Japan). Acetonitrile, 2-propanol, carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC), ethanol, xylene, hematoxylin and eosin were obtained from Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd. (Tokyo, Japan). α-Cyano-4-hydroxycinnamic acid (CHCA) was purchased from Nacalai Tesque (Tokyo, Japan). All other chemicals were obtained from either Wako or Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MO). All reagents were high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) grade.
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9

Immunohistochemical Analysis of OSCC and Colorectal Carcinoma

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FFPE sections of OSCC tissue array (OR601c) and colorectal carcinoma tissue array (CO483a) were purchased from US Biomax Inc. (Rockville, MD, USA). The tissue arrays were autoclaved in EnVision FLEX Target Retrieval Solution High pH (Agilent Technologies, Inc.) for 20 min. After blocking with SuperBlock T20 (Thermo Fisher Scientific, Inc.), the sections were incubated with C44Mab-6 (1 μg/mL) and C44Mab-46 (1 μg/mL) for 1 h at room temperature. The sections were further incubated with the EnVision+ Kit for mouse (Agilent Technologies Inc.) for 30 min. Then, a chromogenic reaction using 3,3′-diaminobenzidine tetrahydrochloride (DAB; Agilent Technologies Inc.) was conducted. Hematoxylin (FUJIFILM Wako Pure Chemical Corporation) was used for the counterstaining. To examine the sections and obtain images, we used Leica DMD108 (Leica Microsystems GmbH, Wetzlar, Germany).
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10

Immunohistochemical Analysis of Breast Cancer

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Paraffin-embedded tissue sections of a breast cancer tissue array (Cat#T8235721-5, Lot#B104066; BioChain, San Francisco, CA, USA) were autoclaved in EnVision FLEX Target Retrieval Solution High pH (Agilent Technologies, Inc.) for 20 min. After blocking with SuperBlock T20 (Thermo Fisher Scientific, Inc.), tissue sections were incubated with TrMab-29 (5 μg/mL) for 1 h at room temperature and then treated with the EnVision + Kit for mouse (Agilent Technologies Inc.) for 30 min. Color was developed using 3,3′-diaminobenzidine tetrahydrochloride (DAB; Agilent Technologies Inc.) for 2 min. Counterstaining was performed with hematoxylin (FUJIFILM Wako Pure Chemical Corporation). hematoxylin & eosin (HE) staining (FUJIFILM Wako Pure Chemical Corporation) was performed using consecutive tissue sections. Leica DMD108 (Leica Microsystems GmbH, Wetzlar, Germany) was used to examine the sections and obtain images.
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