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7 protocols using anti cav1

1

Monoclonal Antibodies for Cavin-1 and Cav1

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Monoclonal antibodies recognizing cavin-1 (2F11) [28] (link) and Cav1 (7C8) [29] (link) have been previously described. The following antibodies were commercially acquired: anti-Cav1 was from BD Transduction Laboratories (San Jose, CA), anti-actin was from Sigma; anti-transferrin receptor was from Zymed Laboratories Inc. Invitrogen. Additional anti-cavin-1/PTRF antibodies were purchased from BD Transduction. Polyclonal rabbit anti-cavin-2/3 antibodies were produced against a peptide sequence at the C terminus of the proteins (21st Century Biochemicals, Hopkinton, MA).
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2

Antibody Characterization of Caveolin-1

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Rabbit polyclonal anti-CAV1, mouse monoclonal anti-CAV1, mouse monoclonal anti-pY14-CAV1, and mouse monoclonal anti-E-cadherin (BD Transduction Laboratories, Lexington, KY, USA), mouse monoclonal anti-PTPN14, and rabbit polyclonal anti-actin (R&D Systems, Minneapolis, MN, USA) antibodies were used as indicated by the manufacturers. Goat anti-rabbit and goat anti-mouse IgG antibodies coupled to horseradish peroxidase (HRP) were from Merck-Millipore (Billerica, Massachusetts, USA) and KPL Laboratories (Washington DC, USA), respectively. The ECL chemiluminescent substrate and the BCA protein determination kit were from Pierce (Rockford, IL, USA). The Plasmid Midi Kit was from Qiagen (Valencia, CA, USA). Human fibronectin was from Becton Dickinson (San Jose, CA, USA). Hygromycin was from Calbiochem (La Jolla, CA, USA). Fetal bovine serum (FBS) was from Biological Industries (Cromwell, CT, USA). Cell culture media and antibiotics were from GIBCO (Invitrogen, Carlsbad, CA, USA), Fugene 6® from Roche (Basel, Switzerland).
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3

Antibody and Reagent Sources for Cell Analysis

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Rabbit polyclonal anti‐α‐SMA was acquired from Abcam. Rabbit polyclonal anti‐GAPDH, anti‐von Willebrand Factor (vWF), and anti‐fibroblast‐specific protein 1 (FSP1) were acquired from Santa Cruz Biotechnology. Rabbit Polyclonal Endothelin‐1 was purchased from Fisher Scientific. Rabbit polyclonal anti‐BMPRII and anti‐P‐SMAD1/5/8 were purchased from Cell Signaling Technology. Mouse monoclonal anti‐eNOS, anti‐β‐actin and rabbit polyclonal anti‐Cav‐1 were purchased from BD PharMingen. Alexa‐Fluor 488 and 555‐conjugated goat and donkey antimouse or antirabbit IgG were purchased from Life Technologies. Antimouse and antirabbit HRP‐conjugated IgG were purchased from Cell Signaling Technology or Kierkegaard and Perry Laboratories (Supporting Information 1). RIPA buffer, protease, and phosphatase inhibitor cocktail, collagenase type I, paraformaldehyde, heparin, and sucrose were purchased from SIGMA Chemical, Co. Mounting media containing DAPI (VectaShield) was obtained from Vector. Stock solutions were prepared in 100% dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO), buffered physiological solution or sterile phosphate‐buffered saline (PBS) and diluted daily in sterile PBS or DMEM. The highest final concentration of the solvent was 0.1% (v/v) and did not affect the experiments. PCR primers were purchased from Integrated DNA Technologies, Inc.
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4

Western Blotting and Immunofluorescence Antibodies

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The following commercially available antibodies were used for Western blotting: mouse monoclonal antibodies against clathrin heavy chain (CHC; BD Biosciences; 610500), lamin A/C (Santa Cruz Biotechnology; sc-7292), Hsp90 (Santa Cruz Biotechnology; sc-13119), EHD2 (Santa Cruz Biotechnology; sc-100724), dynamin (BD Biosciences; 610245), and filamin A (Chemicon; MAB1678); rabbit polyclonal antibodies against SUMO2/3 (Cell Signaling Technology; 4971), Cav1 (BD Biosciences; 610059), pacsin2 (Abgent; AP8088b); and cavin1 (Sigma; AV36965); for immunofluorescence, mouse monoclonal anti-cavin1 (BD Biosciences; 611258), goat polyclonal anti-EHD2 (Abcam; Ab23935), rabbit polyclonal anti-Cav1 (BD Biosciences; 610059), mouse monoclonal anti-lamin A/C (Santa Cruz Biotechnology; sc-7292), rabbit polyclonal anti-SUMO1 (Cell Signaling Technology; 4930), and rabbit polyclonal anti-SUMO2/3 (Cell Signaling Technology; 4971). Antibodies conjugated to Alexa Fluor 488, Cy3, Cy5, or HRP (Beckman Coulter and Invitrogen) were used as secondary antibodies. HaloTag dye JF635 was provided by L. Lavis (Janelia Research Campus, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Ashburn, VA). Accutase was purchased from Sigma-Aldrich. Hepes, SDS, and Tris were purchased from Euromedex.
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5

Immunohistochemical Analysis of Vascular Markers

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Sections were heated in citric acid buffer (pH 6.0) at 100°C for 10 min for antigen retrieval. Sections were then treated with 0.3% hydrogen for 30 min and blocked with 5% normal goat serum containing 0.05% Triton X‐100 (T‐PBS). Sections were then incubated overnight at 4°C with the following primary antibodies diluted in T-PBS: anti-Cav-1 (BD Biosciences, 610057, 610059), anti-Ki67 (Abcam, ab15580), or anti-cleaved caspase-3 (cell signaling, #9661). Isotype control that lacked specificity to the target but matched the class and type of the primary antibody was used as a negative control. After overnight incubation, the sections were incubated with Dako EnVision for 1 hour at room temperature and treated with Dako Liquid DAB+ Substrate Chromogen System (Dako; Carpinteria, CA) to detect the reaction products. Finally, the sections were counterstained with Dako Mayer’s Hematoxylin (Lillie’s Modification) Histological Staining Reagent (Dako). The integrated optical density of the immunoreactive signals in the vessel wall was analyzed using Image-J software. Relative density was graphed in arbitrary units. Cells staining positively for Ki67 and cleaved caspase-3 were directly counted in four high-power fields and the mean numbers of cells were then compared.
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6

Immunofluorescence Staining of Vascular Markers

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Antigen retrieval was done in the same manner as IHC described above. After pretreatment, sections were blocked with 5% normal goat serum in T‐PBS for 1hr at room temperature and then incubated overnight at 4°C with the following primary antibodies diluted in T-PBS: anti-Cav-1 (BD Biosciences, 610057, 610059), anti-phospho-eNOS (Abcam, ab195944), anti-eNOS (Santa Cruz, sc654), anti-phospho-Akt1 (Cell Signaling Technology, 9018), anti-alpha-actin (Abcam, ab5694), anti-vWF (Abcam, ab11713), anti-PECAM-1 (Santa Cruz, sc1506) or with isotype-matched primary antibodies serving as negative controls. Secondary reagents were Alexa Fluor conjugated antibodies (488 and 568) from Life technologies used at 1:250. Sections were stained with SlowFade® Gold Antifade Mountant with DAPI (Life Technologies). Digital fluorescence images were captured and intensity of immunoreactive signal was measured using Image J software (NIH, Bethesda, Maryland). Intensity of merge signal was determined by applying a color threshold selective for yellow signal. For each antibody, standard quality control procedures were undertaken to optimize antigen retrieval, primary antibody dilution, secondary antibody detection, and other factors for both signal and noise.
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7

Quantitative Analysis of Cav1 Expression

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Hippocampal CA3-CA1 regions were dissected from 1-day-old Sprague–Dawley rats, dissociated, plated onto poly-ornithine–coated 6-well dishes, and incubated for 14–18 days. At DIV8, neurons in three wells were transfected with control plasmids and neurons in the other three wells were transfected with shRNA-Cav1. Cells were further incubated until DIV14-18. All experiments were performed in parallel under the same conditions. Cells were lysed with lysis buffer containing 10 mM Tris (pH 7.4), 1% SDS, 10 mM NaF and 1 mM PMSF, supplemented with a protease inhibitor mixture (Complete Mini; Roche, Germany). The protein concentration in lysates was determined using a bicinchoninic acid (BCA) assay (Thermo, IL). Lysate samples containing equal amounts of protein were subjected to sodium dodecyl sulfate–polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) and subsequently transferred to polyvinylidene difluoride (PVDF) membranes. Membranes were blocked by incubating with 5% nonfat dry milk, and subsequently incubated with anti-Cav1 (BD Biosciences) and anti-β-actin (Santa Cruz, CA) primary antibodies. Band intensities were quantified densitometrically, and the [Cav1]/[β-actin] ratio was measured after background subtraction.
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