All HRMRI studies were performed using a 3T GE DISCOVERY MR 750 (GE Healthcare, Waukesha, WI, USA) or a 3T Siemens Trio MR scanner (Siemens Healthcare, Ehrlangen, Germany). The multiple pulse sequences included three-dimensional time of flight MR angiography (3D TOF MRA), 3D T1-weighted imaging, proton attenuation weighted imaging, magnetization-prepared rapid acquisition with gradient-echo sequence (MPRAGE), and contrast enhanced T1-weighted imaging. Details of the sequence parameters are presented in the supplemental eTable 1 online . Images were reconstructed using the Reformate tool in the AW 4.5 workstation (GE Healthcare) or the D multiple planer reconstruction tool in the Siemens workstation.
Aw 4.5 workstation
Manufactured by GE Healthcare
The AW 4.5 workstation is a medical imaging software platform developed by GE Healthcare. It provides a comprehensive suite of tools for the visualization, analysis, and reporting of medical images, including those from computed tomography (CT), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and other modalities. The AW 4.5 workstation offers a user-friendly interface and advanced image processing capabilities to assist healthcare professionals in their clinical decision-making processes.
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4 protocols using aw 4.5 workstation
1
High-resolution MRI Protocol for Vascular Imaging
2
Tumor ROI Measurement Protocol
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The region of interest (ROI) was set in the lesion center where the cross-section showed the largest level of the tumor with an area of 30–100 mm2 (11 (link), 19 (link)) and the solid components of the tumor were included avoiding the lesion edge, necrosis, bone cortex of vertebral bodies or attachments, and blood vessels. The analysis was performed independently by two radiologists (initials: ELZ, XYX) with more than 5 years of experience on the GE AW4.5 workstation, and the average of the ROI measurements for each parameter was taken as the final measurement result.
3
PET-CT Imaging Protocol for Tumor Metabolic Analysis
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The patients were all performed with the PET-CT (Discovery PET/CT 690; GE Healthcare, Chicago, Illinois, United States) and received an injection of 3.7 MBq/kg 18F-FDG intravenous. The CT parameters were 3.27 mm slice thickness, 120 kV tube voltage, and 30–210 Ma. Then, with a three-dimensional acquisition mode and a matrix size of 192 × 192, PET data were captured at a speed of 1.5 min/bed (total of seven to eight beds). Using an iterative reconstruction algorithm of order subset expectation maximization, the PET image was reconstructed with twice iteration, 24 subsets and 6.4 mm Gaussian filter. In the AW4.5 workstation (GE Healthcare), and all PET images were transferred. The conventional metabolic parameters of tumors in 18F-FDG PET images for all patients consisted of total pathological glycolysis (TLG), the metabolic tumor volume (MTV), SUVmax, SUVpeak, and SUVmean. SUV corrected for body weight and was measured automatically using a threshold of 42% SUVmax from the ROIs.
4
3T MRI Arterial Spin Labeling Protocol
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All MRI examinations were performed on a 3.0 T scanner (Discovery 750, GE Healthcare) with an eight-channel phased-array head coil. Standard pseudo-continuous arterial spin labeling (ASL) was performed with a 3D stack-of-spirals fast-spin-echo readout: labeling duration/post labeling delay = 1,450/2,025 ms, TR/TE = 4,886/10.5 ms, in-plane spiral number 8, points per spiral 512, field of view (FOV) = 240 mm × 240 mm, in-plane resolution 3.75 mm × 3.75 mm, 40 slices and slice thickness = 4 mm. CBF maps of standard ASL were generated on GE AW 4.5 workstation by a commercial software 3D ASL Functool kit. Conventional MRI sequences including diffusion-weighted imaging, T1-weighted, T2-weighted, fluid-attenuated inversion recovery, and T2*-weighted gradient-recalled echo imaging were also performed (Supplementary Table 1 ).
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