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7 protocols using cr no3 3 9h2o

1

Immobilized Supported Liquid Membranes for Metal Ions

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Deionized water, with medium electrolytic conductivity not exceeding 1 µS/cm at 20 °C, was used for preparing aqueous solutions, along with the following compounds of analytical grade: Pb(NO3)2 (POCh, Gliwice, Poland), Zn(NO3)2 6H2O (POCh), Cd(NO3)2 4H2O (Acros Organics, Geel, Belgium), Cr(NO3)3 9H2O (Acros), HNO3 (POCh), HCl (Chempur, Piekary Slaskie, Poland), H2SO4 (POCh), CH3COOH (POCh), CH3COONa (Chempur), EDTA-Na (Sigma-Aldrich, Saint Louis, MO, USA) and 2-[4-(2-hydroxyethyl)-1- piperazinyl]-etanosulfonic acid (HEPES, Sigma-Aldrich). The following compounds were used for preparing the membranes: analytical grade trichloromethane (POCh) as the carrier solvent, o-nitrophenyl octyl ether (o-NPOE) and o-nitrophenyl pentyl ether (o-NPPE) with ≥99% purity (Fluka, Busch, Switzerland), bis(2-ethylhexyl) adipate (DOA) with 99% purity (Sigma-Aldrich) as plasticizers, cellulose triacetate (CTA, Fluka) as the polymer support and calixresorcin[4]renes with the structures shown in Figure 1. Synthesis of the carriers was described earlier in the papers [16 (link),17 (link)].
Immobilized supported liquid membranes (SLM) were prepared from 25 µm thick Celgard 2500 type (Hoechst Celanese Corporation, Charlotte, NC, USA) of microfiltration polypropylene membrane sheets, with 45% porosity, pore curvature of 2.22 and pore diameter between 0.04 and 0.4 µm.
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2

Synthesis of Metal-Organic Frameworks

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All chemicals were obtained commercially and were used without further purification: Cr(NO3)3·9H2O (Acros Organics, 99%), HNO3 (Grüssing, 65 wt.%), 1,4 benzenedicarboxylic acid (H2BDC, Acros Organics, >99%), tetramethylammoniumhydroxid (TMAOH, 25 wt.% in water, Sigma Aldrich), sodium oleate (Tokyo Chemical Industry, >97%), hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB, Sigma Aldrich, 95%), Triton X-45 (Sigma Aldrich), Matrimid® 5218 powder (Huntsman, Figure S3), n-heptane (Sigma Aldrich, p.a.), DMF (VWR, p.a.), ethanol (VWR, p.a.), and dichloromethane (DCM, Fisher Chemical, 99.9%). All experimental work was performed in air. De-ionized (DI) water was used.
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3

Synthesis of Metal Oxide Nanoparticles

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Precursor salts of Ni(NO3)2•6H2O (99%), Mg(NO3)2•6H2O (99 + %), Al(NO3)3•9H2O (99 + %), ZrO(NO3)2•H2O (99.5%), Co(NO3)2•6H2O (99 + %), Ga(NO3)3•H2O (99.99%), Ce(NO3)3•6H2O (99.5%), and Cr(NO3)3•9H2O (99%) were purchased from Acros Organics; In(NO3)3•H2O (99.99%), Nd(NO3)3•6H2O (99.9%), Er(NO3)3•5H2O (99.9%), and Pt(NO3)4 solution (Pt 15 w/w) were purchased from Alfa Asear; Fe(NO3)3•9H2O was purchased from Fisher Chemical; Zn(NO3)2•6H2O (98%) was purchased from Sigma Aldrich; Pd(NO3)2•H2O (99.8%, Pd 39% min) and IrCl3•3H2O (Ir 53–56%) were purchased from Thermo Scientific. NaOH pellets were purchased from Sigma Aldrich. Hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB, 99 + %) and HCl (37%) were purchased from Acros Organics. Ethanol (200 proof) was obtained from Decon Labs, Inc.
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4

Synthesis of NMCP/rGO Composite Material

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As-synthesized NMCP/rGO was prepared using a sol-gel method and a high temperature sintering method (Figure 1). At the beginning, the sieved 5 wt.% GO powder was put into DI-water, and the GO dispersion was formed by shaking it for 1 h in an input shaker. After the temperature of the GO dispersion reached 80 °C, 1 mmol chromium nitrate nonahydrate (Cr(NO3)3·9H2O, 98.5%, Alfa-Aesar, Ward Hill, MA, USA) completely dissolved in 100 mL DI water was added, and the temperature was maintained at 80 °C with continuous stirring. Then, 1 mmol citric acid (C6H8O7·H2O, 95%, Sigma-Aldrich, Burlington, MA, USA), 1 mmol manganese acetic acid tetrahydrate ((CH3COO)2Mn·4H2O, ≥99%, Acros-Organi, Janssen-Pharmaceuticalaan, Geel, Belgium), 4 mmol anhydrous sodium acetate (CH3COONa, 98%, Alfa-Aesar, Ward Hill, MA, USA), 1.25 g ascorbic acid (C6H8O6, 99%, Acros-Organi, Janssen-Pharmaceuticalaan, Geel, Belgium), and 1.025 mL phosphoric acid (H3PO4, 86%, Echo Chemical Co., Ltd., Miaoli, Taiwan.) were added, and stirred at 80 °C for 1 h, dried in a circulating oven at 120 °C, and finally sintered at 750 °C under argon atmosphere for 9 h. To prepare pristine NMCP, the same procedure described in the previous part was used, only without the step of adding GO in the preparation process of NMCP/rGO.
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5

Chromium-Doped Indium Oxide Inks

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Three parent solutions of 0.1
M In(NO3)3·xH2O (99.99% Sigma-Aldrich), 0.025 M Cr(NO3)3·9H2O (99.99%, Alfa Aesar), in a 4:1-mixture of deionized water
and glycerol, and a solvent-only solution with the same makeup have
been prepared by applying 5 min of ultrasonication (salt solutions
only) followed by at least 30 min of stirring. The final printing
inks have been obtained by mixing the indium parent solution with
varying amounts of the chromium and solvent-only parent solutions
followed by at least 30 min of intense stirring to ensure a homogeneous
distribution of the dopant according to Table 2.
Effectively, 2 mL of each ink with a fixed indium concentration
of 0.05 M and varying amounts of the Cr-dopants have been made. The
indium concentration and the solvent mixture has been successfully
applied earlier. The preparation route is a variation of an established
method for undoped In2O3 channels.17 (link)
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6

Synthesis of CuCrO2 Nanoparticles

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Cu(NO3)2·2.5H2O (Alfa Aesar, Heysham, UK) and Cr(NO3)3·9H2O (Alfa Aesar, Heysham, UK) were dissolved in deionized water (DW) with concentration of 0.21 M each. After 15 min of stirring, 1.8 M of NaOH (Daejung, Siheung, Korea) was added, and the solution was stirred for another 15 min. Then, the solution was transferred to a Teflon-lined stainless-steel autoclave and placed in an oven with a temperature of 220 °C for 60 h. After the reaction, a dark-green precipitate containing CuCrO2 nanoparticles was formed. The synthesized nanoparticles were centrifuged and sequentially washed with 1 N HCl (Daejung, Siheung, Korea) and isopropyl alcohol (IPA, Daejung, Siheung, Korea) four times, and stored in IPA for future use.
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7

Synthesis of YAGG:Cr3+ Nanophosphors

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Y3Al1.99Cr0.01Ga3O12 (YAGG:Cr3+) nanophosphors were synthesized by using a modified Pechini method described previously in more detail [19 (link)]. Y2O3 (99.999% purity, Stanford Materials Corporation, Lake Forest, IL, USA ), AlCl3 (99.999% purity, Alfa Aesar, Haverhill, MA, USA) GaCl3 (99.999% purity, Sigma-Aldrich, Saint Louise, MO, USA), and Cr(NO3)3×9H2O (99.99% purity, Alfa Aesar, Haverhill, MA, USA), additionally Citric acid (99.5% purity, Alfa Aesar, Haverhill, MA, USA) aqueous solution and ethylene glycol (99% purity, POCH. S.A., Basic, Gliwice, Poland) were used as starting materials. The gel was subsequently annealed at selected temperatures from 800 to 1300 °C for 16 h in static air for further investigations.
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