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93 protocols using glacial acetic acid

1

Extraction and Characterization of Tuna Skin

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Tuna skin was supplied from Ningbo Today Food Co. Ltd. (Zhejiang, China). Glacial acetic acid, pepsin, sodium chloride, chitosan, glycerol, sodium bromide and LB medium were obtained from Sinopharm Chemical Reagent Co. Ltd. (Shanghai, China). Escherichia coli CICC 20658, Bacillus subtilis CICC 10732, Staphylococcus aureus CICC 10,201 and Listeria monocytogenes ATCC 19,111 were ordered from China Center of Industrial Culture Collection (Beijing, China). 1,1-diphenyl-2-picryl-hydrazyl (DPPH) was purchased from Sigma Company (St. Louis, MO, USA). All reagents were of analytical grade.
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2

Synthesis and Characterization of Zr-based MOF for PCA Detection

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All reagents used in this study were of analytical grade unless otherwise stated. 2-aminoterephthalic acid (ATA) (99%) and Zirconium chloride (ZrCl 4 ) (98%) were gained from Aladdin Reagent Co., Ltd. (Shanghai, China). Dimethylformamide (DMF) (99%) , tetrahydrofuran (THF), mesitylene (97%), acetonitrile (CAN)and 1,4-dioxane were gained from Tokyo Chemical Industry Co., Ltd. (Tokyo, Japan). 1,3,5-Tris (4-aminophenyl) benzene (TAPB) (97%) and 2,5-Divinylterephthalaldehyde (DVA) were obtained from Shanghai Macklin Biochemical Technology Co., Ltd., (Shanghai, China). Methanol, acetone, and glacial acetic acid (HAC) were achieved from Sinopharm Chemical Reagent Co., Ltd. (Shanghai, China). 4-chloro-2-methylphenoxy acetic acid (MCPA), 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D), 2,4Dichlorprop (2,4-DP), 2,4dichlorophenoxybutyric acid (2,4-DB), and 2-(2,4,5-trichlorophenoxy) propanoic acid (2,4,5-TP), were purchased from ANPEL Laboratory Technology Inc. (Shanghai, China). For the standard solution of 100 μg⋅L -1 , five kinds of PCAs were dissolved in a 100 mL volumetric flask with Methanol and stored in 4 • C. A series of working aqueous solutions were obtained by diluting the standard solution with pure water.
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3

Determination of Sulfamethazine, Sulfamethoxazole, and Sulfadiazine

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Ferrous sulfate, bismuth nitrate, sodium borohydride, anhydrous ethanol, citric acid (CA), sodium citrate (NaCA), glacial acetic acid, methanol, acetonitrile, ferric nitrate, sulfamethazine (SM2), sulfamethoxazole (SMX), and sulfadiazine (SD) were supplied by Sinopharm Chemical Reagents Co., Ltd. (Shanghai, China). The 5-dimethyl-1-pyrroline N-oxide (DMPO) was purchased from Aladdin Industrial Company (Shanghai, China). methanol and acetonitrile were HPLC grade, while other chemical reagents were analytical grade. All aqueous solutions were prepared using ultrapure water.
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4

Analytical Chemistry Protocol for Benzene

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Benzene, 2, 4-dinitrophenylhydrazine, trichloroacetic acid (TCA), potassium hydroxide, glacial acetic acid, chloroform, potassium iodide (KI), sodium thiosulfate (Na2S2O3), and anhydrous sodium sulfate were supplied by Sinopharm Chemical Reagent Co., Ltd. (Suzhou, China). Formic acid was supplied by Anpu Scientific Instrument Co., Ltd. (Shanghai, China). Methanol and acetonitrile were provided from Thermo Fisher Scientific (Waltham, MA, USA). Methyl tert-butyl ether (MTBE), 2-propanol, and ammonium acetate were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich Co., LLC (MO, USA). All reagents of analytical grade were used in this study.
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5

Synthesis and Characterization of Polymeric Sorbents

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Reagents: Auramine O hydrochloride (AOHCl, 90%), 2,2-Azobisisobutyronitrile (AIBN), divinylbenzene (DVB), ethylene glycol dimethacrylate (EDMA) and methacrylic acid (MAA) were purchased from J&K Chemicals (Beijing, China). Itaconic acid (IA) was supplied by Sigma-Aldrich (Shanghai, China). Trimethylolpropane trimethacrylate (TRIM) was purchased from Acros Organics, USA. Ethanol, acetonitrile, glacial acetic acid, mEthanol, dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO) and N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF), 2,2-Azobisisobutyronitrile were obtained from Sinopharm Chemical Reagent. All the chemicals are analytical reagent except for mentioned.
Instrumentation: All reagents were weighed using an electronic analytical balance (BS210S, Beijing Sartorius Balance). Evaporation was achieved by rotary evaporator (RE-2000B, Shanghai Yarong Biochemistry Instrument Factory). The vacuum conditions were achieved by a vacuum oven (DZF-6020, Shanghai Jinghong Laboratory Instrument). Centrifugation was achieved with a high-speed centrifuge (HC-2062, Anhui USTC Zonkia Scientific Instruments). Constant temperature was achieved with electric thermostatic water bath (8002, Beijing Titan Instrument). UV-Vis spectroscopy was performed with the aid of UV-1800 spectrophotometer (Shimadzu, Japan). FTIR spectroscopy was performed using KBr pellets on a EQUINOX 55 (Bruker Optics, Germany) in the spectra range of 400-4000 cm -1 .
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6

Synthesis and Characterization of Nucleotide Analogs

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Adenosine, thymidine, and 2,4‐difluoro‐3‐formyl‐phenylboronic acid (DFFPBA) were all purchased from Sigma‐Aldrich (St. Louis, MO, USA). Guanosine, 3‐methyluridine, and 2′‐deoxyAdenosine were obtained from Liangwei Biotechnology (Nanjing, China). 2′‐Deoxyuridine was purchased from Topscience (Shanghai, China). Glacial acetic acid was purchased from Sinopharm Chemical Reagent (Shanghai, China). Aminopropyltriethoxysilane (APTES, 98%) and D‐galactose‐1‐13C were purchased from J&K Scientific (Shanghai, China). Anhydrous ethanol and ammonium bicarbonate were purchased from Nanjing Reagent Company (Nanjing, China). Methanol was purchased from Shanghai Macklin Biochemical (Shanghai, China). Cysteine was obtained from Aladdin (Shanghai, China). 4‐(2‐Hydroxyethyl)−1‐piperazineethanesulfonic acid (HEPES) buffer (50 mm, pH 7.5) was purchased from Yuanye Shengwu Biotechnology (Shanghai, China). Glass micropipette of 0.58 mm i.d. and 1.0 mm o.d. were purchased from DL Naturegene Life Sciences (Shanghai, China). Unless otherwise specified, all other reagents used were of analytical grade or higher purity. Water used in all the experiments was purified with a Milli‐Q Advantage A10 ultrapure water purification system (Millipore, Milford, MA, USA).
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7

Chitin Characterization and Purification

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Chitin (1150 kDa MW and 10% DD) was purchased from Zhejiang Gold Shell Biochemical Limited Corporation, Wenzhou, China. Glacial acetic acid, phosphotungstic acid, and acetone were purchased from Sinopharm Chemical Reagent Company, Shanghai, China and were used as received. All the other chemicals were supplied by Kecheng Trading Co., Ltd., Zhanjiang, China and were used without further purification.
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8

Fluorescent Silica Nanoparticle Synthesis

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Retinoic acid, Tetrabutyl titanate, and Rhodamine B (RB) were purchased from Shanghai MackLin Biochemical Co., Ltd; absolute ethanol (analytical grade), and glacial acetic acid (analytical grade), 98% concentrated sulfuric acid (analytical grade), 30% hydrogen peroxide (analytical grade) and chitosan were purchased from Sinopharm Chemical Reagent Co., Ltd; silica was purchased from XFNANO company; polyacrylic acid (PAA) and polyethyleneimine (bPEI) were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich; water was made in the laboratory.
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9

Synthesis of Glycidylsilane-Functionalized PEG

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Silane coupler WD-60 (3-Glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane, 99%) was purchased from WD Silicone New Material Corporation (Hubei, China). Polyethylene glycol 6000 (PEG-6000), N,N-Dimethylformamide (DMF, 99.8%), maleic anhydride (99%), Cu(NO3)2, KI solution (10%, w/w), K2Cr2O7 (reference substance, dried at 140 °C for 2 h), Na2S2O3·5H2O solid, Na2CO3 solid, sulfuric acid solution (0.1 mol/L), hydrochloric acid solution (0.1 mol/L), nitric acid (0.1 mol/L), glacial acetic acid, sodium acetate, starch solution (0.5%, v/v), Pb(NO3)2, disodium ethylenediaminetetra acetate (EDTA), dimethoate orange indicator (0.2%, w/w), and methyltetramine buffer solution (20%, w/w) were purchased from Sinopharm Group Chemical Reagent Corporation (Shanghai, China). All chemicals were used as received unless otherwise stated.
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10

Deltamethrin Quantification Protocol

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All reagents used for DEL extraction and analysis were of analytical grade or higher. Acetonitrile (p.a. ≥99.9%) and N-hexane (GC grade) were obtained from Aladdin. The QuEChERS kits (MQ3-3) were obtained from Shandong Qingyun Experiment Material Co., Ltd. (Yantai, Shandong, China); and glacial acetic acid (p.a. ≥99.9%) was obtained from Sinopharm Chemical Reagent Co., Ltd. (Shanghai, China). Ultrapure water was obtained using a Milli-Q Reference system from Millipore (Billerica, MA, USA). A certified reference standard solution of DEL was purchased from ANPEL Laboratory Technologies Inc. (Shanghai, China), which had been provided by the Agro-Environmental Protection Institute, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of China. Calibration curves of deltamethrin-1 and deltamethrin-2 were prepared at different concentrations ranging between 1 and 40, and 10 and 400 ng mL−1, respectively.
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