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Potassium phosphate dibasic

Manufactured by Merck Group
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Potassium phosphate dibasic is a chemical compound that is commonly used in various laboratory applications. It is a white crystalline powder that is soluble in water and has a neutral to slightly alkaline pH. The core function of potassium phosphate dibasic is to serve as a buffer agent, helping to maintain a specific pH range in aqueous solutions.

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130 protocols using potassium phosphate dibasic

1

Electrochemical Biosensor for Phosphatase Detection

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Tris(hydroxymethyl)aminomethane), tetrahydrofuran (>99.8%), dimethylsulfoxide, 2-naphthyl phosphate sodium salt, 2-Naphthol 99%, acid phosphatase from wheat germ, sodium nitrate, sodium sulfite, sodium perchlorate, dibasic potassium phosphate (98%) sodium acetate, HEPES buffer, potassium phosphate dibasic (98%), and bovine serum albumin (BSA) were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich. The water used in all experiments had a resistivity >18 MU cm À1 0.01 M TRISeHCl buffer solution (pH 5.5) was used as the medium for the detection process. The ionophore copper phthalocyanine, C, C, C, C-tetra-carboxylic acid-polyacrylamide (C 32 H 16 N 8 ), was synthesised at the National Research Centre in Cairo (Egypt) and is composed of four isoindoles connected to nitrogen atoms with a central copper atom.
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2

G-Quadruplex Ligand Binding Assay

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TPP was purchased
from Thermo Fisher Scientific India. Potassium phosphate monobasic,
potassium phosphate dibasic, and potassium chloride were purchased
from Sigma-Aldrich. The commercially synthesized oligonucleotides, Pu27 and Pu24 were purchased from from
Eurofins Genomics India Pvt Ltd.
Pu27-5′-TGGGGAGGGTGGGGAGGGTGGGGAAGG-3′
Pu24-5′-TGAGGGTGGGGAGGGTGGGGAAGG-3′
10 mM phosphate buffer containing 100 mM KCl at pH 7.0 was prepared
in millipore water. It was autoclaved and filtered prior to use. Pu27 and Pu24 were dissolved in the same
buffer, annealed at 90 °C, cooled to room temperature, and stored
at 4 °C for further use. The molecule TPP was dissolved in 100%
dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), the DMSO concentration was, however, kept
below 1% in all experiments.
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3

Analytical Reagent Preparation Protocol

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UA (≥ 99.0%), UOx (4 units/mg of Candida sp.), o-PD, sodium sulfate (Na2SO4), sodium chloride (NaCl), calcium chloride (CaCl2), potassium chloride (KCl), citric acid, potassium thiocyanate (KSCN), ammonium chloride (NH4Cl), potassium phosphate monobasic (KH2PO4), potassium phosphate dibasic (K2HPO4), L-lactic acid (LA), D-glucose (Glu), L-ascorbic acid (AA), acetaminophen (AP), bovine serum albumin (BSA) and glutaraldehyde (GA) solution were purchased from Sigma Aldrich (St. Louis, MO, USA). Whatman lens cleaning tissue (grade 105) was ordered from GE Healthcare Life Sciences (Pittsburgh, PA, USA). All reagents were of analytical grade and used without further purification. All aqueous solutions were freshly prepared using deionized water (DW) with 18.2 MΩ· cm resistivity.
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4

Antioxidant Potential Evaluation Protocol

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The 2,2-Diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), nitro blue tetrazolium (NBT), Streptozotocin, dimethyl-sulfoxide (DMSO ≥99.5%), Gallic acid (ACS reagent, ≥98.0%), Curcumin (Purity≥ 80%), l-Ascorbic acid (Purity 99%), Potassium Phosphate monobasic (Purity ≥99%), Potassium phosphate dibasic (Purity ≥98%), Folin-Ciocalteu reagent, Silver nitrate (analytical grade), O-phenanthroline and ethanol (99%) purchased from Sigma-Aldrich, Co. (St. Louis, USA), were used for this experiment. All chemicals and reagents were of the analytical grade until described otherwise.
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5

Collagen-based Hydrogel Synthesis

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PureCol® collagen type I solution (col-I, 3 mg/mL, 97% bovine dermal type I atelo-collagen) was purchased from Advanced BioMatrix (California, United States, cat# 5005). Poly-L-aspartic acid sodium salt (pAsp, Mw = 27 kDa) was purchased from Alamanda Polymers (Alabama, United States, cat# 000-D200). 1-Ethyl-3-[3-dimethylaminopropyl] carbodiimide hydrochloride (EDC), N-hydroxysulfosuccinimide (sulfo-NHS), calcium chloride dihydrate, potassium phosphate dibasic, and all other chemicals were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (Missouri, United States).
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6

Membrane Fabrication and Electrochemical Analysis

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All chemicals used during the laboratory‐scale membrane fabrication and other studies were of reagent grade and used without further purification. Potassium chloride, potassium phosphate monobasic, potassium phosphate dibasic, sodium acetate, acetic acid, m‐cresol, ABTS, and the enzyme laccase from T. versicolor (powder, light brown, ≥0.5 U/mg) were purchased from Sigma‐Aldrich.
Several polymer membranes were evaluated for absorbance measurement experiments as presented in Table 1. Supercharged nylon filters (Whatman Nytran SPC, 0.45 µm pore size) were obtained from Tisch Scientific; this treated nylon has a high positive charge per area for picking up protein in blotting assays. Thicker than other membranes in Table 1, the Nytran material can also lie flat without curling, for easier coating and assembly into flow‐through systems.
Voltammetric measurements were conducted using three‐electrode configured screen‐printed electrodes (SPE) from Dropsens Inc. (product no. P10). These disposable electrodes are constructed on a flexible plastic substrate consisting a PEDOT working electrode, a carbon counter electrode, and a silver reference electrode.
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7

Electrochemical Characterization of Glutathione Reductase

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Glutathione reductase (GR) from baker’s yeast (S. cerevisiae), L-glutathione oxidized form (GSSG), potassium phosphate monobasic, potassium phosphate dibasic, potassium nitrate (KNO3), methyl viologen (MV) dichloride hydrate, and sulfuric acid (H2SO4) were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich. Poly(dimethylsiloxane) (PDMS) monomer and curing agent were obtained from Dow Corning. Glass coverslips (Nexterion Uncoated High Performance 1.5H Coverslips, Glass D263) were purchased from Applied Microarrays. All electrolyte solutions for spectroelectrochemical measurements were prepared using deionized (DI) water obtained from a Millipore Milli-Q system (ρ ~ 18.2 MΩ cm). GR in PB solution was prepared by centrifuging (10,000 × g, for 10 min) the GR suspension (supplied in ammonium sulfate containing 0.1 mM dithiothreitol; DTT), separating the GR pellet, and adding an appropriate amount of reaction buffer, to avoid the interference of DTT with redox reactions on the gold electrode. Planar Au electrodes were prepared by depositing 100 nm-thick Au on pre-cleaned glass slides (Glass D, Applied Microarrays, Inc.), using an electron beam evaporator (Airco Temescal FC-1800).
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8

PEGylation and Characterization of Aspartate Aminotransferase

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Amicon ultra centrifugal filter units (molecular weight cutoff [MWCO] 30 kDa), dimethyl sulfoxide, potassium phosphate monobasic, potassium phosphate dibasic, sodium tetraborate decahydrate, sodium acetate, o-pthaldialdehyde, 2-mercaptoethanol, and deuterium oxide were purchased from Sigma Aldrich (Oakville, Canada). α-Methoxy, ω-succinimidyl carboxymethyl ester poly(ethylene glycol) (mPEG–NHS; 5 kDa) and α-maleimide, ω-succinimidyl carboxymethyl ester PEG (Mal–PEG–NHS; 5 kDa) were purchased from JenKem Technology (Plano, USA). Aspartate Aminotransferase Activity Assay Kits were purchased from Abcam (Cambridge, UK). Angiopep (TFFYGGSRGKRNNFKTEEYC; 2.4 kDa) was purchased from Zhejiang Ontores Biotechnologies (China). Mini-PROTEIN TGX Stain-Free Precast Gels (4–15% acrylamide) and Bio-Rad precision plus protein unstained standards were purchased from Bio-Rad (Saint-Laurent, Canada). BD Microtainer® blood collection SST tubes and BD IV catheter Insyte 24GA × 0.75” YLW BX/50 were purchased from Becton Dickinson (New Jersey, USA). All buffers were prepared using MilliQ water (mean resistivity 18.2 MΩ cm). All chemicals were purchased at the highest grade possible and used as received. hrGOT (∼1 kU/mg) was used.
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9

Comparative Pharmacokinetics of PZQ Stereoisomers

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R‐PZQ, S‐PZQ, cis‐4‐hydroxy‐PZQ, and trans‐4‐hydroxy‐PZQ were a generous gift from Merck Serono. 5,5‐Diethyl‐1,3‐diphenyl‐2‐iminobarbituric acid was obtained from AstraZeneca. PZQ, sulfaphenazole, KTZ, quinidine, ticlopidine, furafylline, diazepam (DPZ), acetonitrile (ACN), β‐Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide 2′‐phosphate reduced tetrasodium salt (NADPH), formic acid, potassium phosphate monobasic, and potassium phosphate dibasic were obtained from Sigma Chemical Co. All other reagents were of the highest obtainable grade.
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10

Evaluation of Xylopic Acid's Effect on CYPs

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Phenobarbitone, ketoconazole, CYP450 isoenzymes, potassium phosphate dibasic, potassium phosphate monobasic, bovine serum albumin (BSA), nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH), ethoxyresorufin, methoxyresorufin, pentoxyresorufin, benzyloxyresorufin, dextromethorphan, diclofenac, zinc sulphate heptahydrate, trimethylamine, and acetonitrile used to evaluate the effect of xylopic acid on CYPs were all obtained from Sigma-Aldrich Chemie GmbH (Eschenstrasse), Germany. XA was purified following the procedure described by Biney et al. [24 ].
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