Architect insulin

Manufactured by Abbott

Sourced in Japan

The Architect Insulin is a laboratory instrument designed for the quantitative determination of insulin levels in human serum and plasma samples. It utilizes chemiluminescent microparticle immunoassay (CMIA) technology to provide accurate and reliable insulin measurements.

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Spelling variants of this product

ARCHITECT insulin assay (11 citations) Architect Insulin Reagent Kit (3 citations)

9 protocols using architect insulin

Metabolic and Inflammatory Markers in Cardiometabolic Diseases

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Laboratory parameters were assessed using standard analytical methods. Hypertension was diagnosed by a systolic/diastolic blood pressure >140/90 mmHg and or a prescribed anti-hypertensive treatment and T2D was diagnosed by a fasting blood glucose > 7.0 mmol/l, a random glucose measurement > 11.0 mmol/l or a HbA1c > 6.5% or a prescribed glucose-lowering drug, both defined according to the American Diabetes Association criteria.
Blood samples were collected after an overnight fast. Fasting serum glucose, triglycerides, and HbA1c were measured using enzymatic methods. Fasting serum insulin and C-peptide were measured using a chemiluminescence assay (Insulin Architect, Abbott). High-sensitivity C-reactive protein (CRP) was measured using an IMMAGE automatic immunoassay system (Beckman-Coulter) and high-sensitivity interleukin 6 (hs-IL-6) was measured using the Human IL-6 Quantikine HS ELISA Kit (R&D Systems). IFN-γ–induced protein 10 (IP-10), interleukin 7 (IL-7), macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF), C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 2 (CXCL2), and 5 (CXCL5) were measured by using a Luminex assay (ProcartaPlex Mix&-Match Human 13-plex; eBioscience, San Diego, CA, USA).

Bouazizi K., Zarai M., Noufaily A., Prigent M., Dietenbeck T., Bollache E., Nguyen T., Della Valle V., Blondiaux E., Clément K., Aron-Wisnewsky J., Andreelli F., Redheuil A, & Kachenoura N. (2023). Associations of aortic stiffness and intra-aortic flow parameters with epicardial adipose tissue in patients with type-2 diabetes. Frontiers in Clinical Diabetes and Healthcare, 4, 1106342.

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Comprehensive Obesity Assessment Protocol

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Subjects underwent systematic explorations that included a thorough medical interview recording obesity comorbidities such as type 2 diabetes, a routine physical examination and fasting biological measurements as previously described.18 21 Blood samples were collected after an overnight fast. Fasting glucose, high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-c), triglycerides and haemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) were measured using enzymatic methods. Fasting serum insulin was measured using a chemiluminescence assay (Insulin Architect, Abbott). Serum leptin was measured using the Human Leptin Quantikine ELISA Kit (R&D Systems, Inc). High-sensitivity c-reactive protein was measured using an IMMAGE automatic immunoassay system (Beckman-Coulter).
Weight and height were assessed during the clinical inclusion visit according to standardised procedures using the same scale for all subjects. Body composition was assessed using the same device; a whole-body fan-beam DXA scan (Hologic Discovery W, software V.12.6, 2; Hologic, Bedford, Massachusetts) which evaluated per cent body fat mass. BFMI was calculated as body fat (kg)/height (m²).

Olsson L.M., Poitou C., Tremaroli V., Coupaye M., Aron-Wisnewsky J., Bäckhed F., Clément K, & Caesar R. (2019). Gut microbiota of obese subjects with Prader-Willi syndrome is linked to metabolic health. Gut, 69(7), 1229-1238.

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Biomarker Evaluation in Fasting Samples

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Blood samples were collected after an overnight fast. Fasting serum glucose, triglycerides, and HbA1c were measured using enzymatic methods. Fasting serum insulin and C-peptide were measured using a chemiluminescence assay (Insulin Architect, Abbott). High-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) was measured using an IMMAGE automatic immunoassay system (Beckman-Coulter) and high-sensitivity interleukin 6 (hs-IL-6) was measured using the Human IL-6 Quantikine HS ELISA Kit (R&D Systems). IFN-γ–induced protein 10 (IP-10), interleukin 7 (IL-7), C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 2 (CXCL2), and 5 (CXCL5) were measured by using a Luminex assay (ProcartaPlex Mix&Match Human 13-plex; eBioscience, San Diego, CA, USA).

Molinaro A., Bel Lassen P., Henricsson M., Wu H., Adriouch S., Belda E., Chakaroun R., Nielsen T., Bergh P.O., Rouault C., André S., Marquet F., Andreelli F., Salem J.E., Assmann K., Bastard J.P., Forslund S., Le Chatelier E., Falony G., Pons N., Prifti E., Quinquis B., Roume H., Vieira-Silva S., Hansen T.H., Pedersen H.K., Lewinter C., Sønderskov N.B., Køber L., Vestergaard H., Hansen T., Zucker J.D., Galan P., Dumas M.E., Raes J., Oppert J.M., Letunic I., Nielsen J., Bork P., Ehrlich S.D., Stumvoll M., Pedersen O., Aron-Wisneswky J., Clément K, & Bäckhed F. (2020). Imidazole propionate is increased in diabetes and associated with dietary patterns and altered microbial ecology. Nature Communications, 11, 5881.

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Plasma Metabolite Profiling Protocol

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Whole blood samples were collected in vacutainers containing sodium fluoride and the disodium salt of ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA)-Na₂ for plasma glucose analyses, and were collected in vacutainers containing only EDTA-Na₂ for other plasma analyses. After collection, the blood samples were centrifuged at 3000 rpm (730 g) for 5 min at 4 °C, and plasma samples were stored at −80 °C until assayed. Plasma free amino acids were measured by high-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (ACQUITY TQD, Waters Corporation, Milford, MA, USA) with pre-column 6-aminoquinolyl-N-hydroxysuccinimidyl carbamate derivatization [19 (link)].
Plasma insulin concentrations were measured using a chemiluminescence immunoassay (Architect Insulin, Abbott Japan Co., Ltd., Tokyo, Japan), glucose concentrations were measured using enzymatic methods (Iatoro LQ GLU, Unitica Ltd., Osaka, Japan), and insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) levels were determined using an immunoradiometric assay (IGF-1 (Somatomedin-c) IRMA Daiichi, Fujirebio Inc., Tokyo, Japan).

Nakayama K., Sanbongi C, & Ikegami S. (2018). Effects of Whey Protein Hydrolysate Ingestion on Postprandial Aminoacidemia Compared with a Free Amino Acid Mixture in Young Men. Nutrients, 10(4), 507.

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Measuring Metabolic Biomarkers in Fasted Participants

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Participants were instructed to fast at least 8 h prior to having their blood samples drawn [26 (link)]. Serum 25(OH)D concentrations were measured by the Diasorin Liaison Direct using chemiluminescence immunoassay on an automated platform, and results were expressed as nanomoles per liter (nmol/L). Coefficient of variation (CV) of inter-assay for 25(OH)D measurements was 11%. Measurements for serum concentrations of triglycerides, HDL cholesterol, and fasting glucose were performed by automated Roche Cobas 8000 Modular Analyzer Series, and results were all expressed as millimoles per liter (mmol/L). The CV of inter-assay was 2% for triglycerides; 2% for HDL cholesterol; 1% for fasting glucose. Serum insulin concentrations were measured by the Abbott Architect Insulin on an automated immunoassay analyzer, and results were expressed as picomoles per liter (pmol/L) that were later divided by the constant of 6.945 to be converted into micro international units per milliliter (µIU/mL). The CV of inter-assay for insulin was 3%.

Pham T.M., Ekwaru J.P., Setayeshgar S, & Veugelers P.J. (2015). The Effect of Changing Serum 25-Hydroxyvitamin D Concentrations on Metabolic Syndrome: A Longitudinal Analysis of Participants of a Preventive Health Program. Nutrients, 7(9), 7271-7284.

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Metabolic Assessment in Liver Biopsies

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After a 12-h overnight fast, clinical and anthropometric data, as well as venous blood samples of each patient were obtained at the time of liver biopsy to test serum levels of liver enzymes and metabolic parameters. Serum insulin was determined by a chemiluminescent microparticle immunoassay (ARCHITECT insulin; Abbot Laboratories, Abbot Park, IL, USA). Insulin resistance was calculated by the HOMA method.^{44 (link)} BMI was calculated as weight (kg) divided by height (m) squared. Antibodies against HCV and HIV, as well as hepatitis B surface antigen were tested by immunoenzymatic assays (Murex, Dartford, UK).

González-Rodríguez Á., Mayoral R., Agra N., Valdecantos M.P., Pardo V., Miquilena-Colina M.E., Vargas-Castrillón J., Lo Iacono O., Corazzari M., Fimia G.M., Piacentini M., Muntané J., Boscá L., García-Monzón C., Martín-Sanz P, & Valverde Á.M. (2014). Impaired autophagic flux is associated with increased endoplasmic reticulum stress during the development of NAFLD. Cell Death & Disease, 5(4), e1179-.

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Blood Lipid and Glucose Biomarkers

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A blood sample was drawn from each participant after an overnight (≥12 h) fast. Venous blood was assayed by an independent laboratory (LSI Medience Corporation, Tokyo, Japan). The levels of serum total cholesterol (IatoroLQ T-CHO(A) II; LSI Medience Corporation) and triglycerides (IatoroLQ TG II; LSI Medience Corporation) were determined enzymatically. Serum high- and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels were measured by the selective inhibition method (MetaboLead HDL-C and Metabo-Lead LDL-C, respectively; Kyowa Medex Co., Ltd, Tokyo, Japan). Blood glucose was assayed by an enzymatic method (IatoroLQ GLU; Unitika, Aichi, Japan) and insulin by a chemiluminescent immunoassay (Architect Insulin; Abbott Japan, Tokyo, Japan). Glycated hemoglobin A (HbA_1c) was determined enzymatically (CinQ HbA1c; ARKRAY Inc., Kyoto, Japan). Homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-R) was calculated using the following formula: Blood glucose (mg/dL) × insulin (μU/mL) / 405.

Ueda K., Sasai H., Tsujimoto T., Sanbongi C., Ikegami S., Kobayashi H., Shioya N., Suzuki S, & Nakata Y. (2018). Randomized trial of amino acid mixture combined with physical activity promotion for abdominal fat reduction in overweight adults. Diabetes, Metabolic Syndrome and Obesity: Targets and Therapy, 11, 23-33.

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Metabolic Responses to Glucose Load

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Venous blood samples were continuously collected from an antecubital vein on five occasions: before (Pre) and 10 min after entering the chamber (0 min), and at 30, 60, 90, and 120 min postglucose load. Serum and plasma samples were obtained by centrifugation for 10 min, and were stored at -80°C prior to analysis. Serum free fatty acid (FFA) concentrations were measured using a commercially available enzymatic colorimetric assay kit (NEFA-HRII; Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Osaka, Japan). The intra-assay CV was 0.8%. Serum glycerol concentrations were measured using a commercially available kit from Cayman Chemical Company (Ann Arbor, MI, USA). The intra-assay CV was < 5.0%. Plasma epinephrine and norepinephrine concentrations were measured using high-performance liquid chromatography (HLC-725CAII; Tosoh, Tokyo, Japan). The intra-assay CV values were 1.4% for plasma epinephrine and 2.6% for plasma norepinephrine, respectively. Serum insulin concentrations were measured using a commercially available kit (Architect insulin; Abbott Japan, Tokyo, Japan). The intra-assay CV was 1.5%.
Blood lactate concentrations were measured immediately following blood collection using an automatic lactate analyzer (Lactate Pro; Arkray Inc., Kyoto, Japan). Plasma glucose concentrations were measured using an enzymatic method. The intra-assay CV was 0.9%.

Goto K., Morishima T., Kurobe K., Huang Z, & Ogita F. (2015). Augmented Carbohydrate Oxidation under Moderate Hypobaric Hypoxia Equivalent to Simulated Altitude of 2500 m. The Tohoku journal of experimental medicine, 236(3).

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Glucose, Insulin, and Lactate Dynamics

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BG was simultaneously measured in singlicate or duplicate using three different sets of automatic glucose analyzers (Glutest Ace; Arkray, Kyoto, Japan). The average value was calculated. BG0, BG90, BG105, BG120 and BG150 represent BG at –5, 90, 105, 120 and 150 min from the beginning of lunch, respectively. ΔBG90–105, ΔBG90–120 and ΔBG90–150 represent the differences in BG between BG90 and BG105, BG90 and BG120, and BG90 and BG150, respectively. Serum insulin level was measured using an immunoassay kit (Architect Insulin, Abbott Japan, Tokyo, Japan). INS90, INS120 and INS150 represent the serum insulin levels 90, 120 and 150 min from the beginning of lunch, respectively. ΔINS90–120 and ΔINS90–150 represent the difference in serum insulin level between INS90 and INS 120, and between INS90 and INS150, respectively. Plasma lactate level was determined in singlicate using an automated analyzer (Lactate Pro; Arkray). HbA1c level was assayed at Nagoya Clinical Center (Nagoya, Japan) using a latex-agglutination assay.

Takaishi T, & Hayashi T. (2017). Stair ascending–descending exercise accelerates the decrease in postprandial hyperglycemia more efficiently than bicycle exercise. BMJ Open Diabetes Research & Care, 5(1), e000428.

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